Abstract: The present invention relates to a new glass material applicable in those situations where thermal and/or mechanical shock would limit the use of other glass materials, presently available. Dopants are deposited into the interconnected pores of a porous glass in a non-uniform manner such that upon consolidation and cooling the final article has its surface under compressive stress. Dopants may also be added to control color and other appearance features.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a glass composition for forming glass articles suitable for forming or being converted to articles or devices for use in the guided transmission of light, for both imaging and communications purposes. Base glass compositions are purified by phase separation, leached to remove impurities, and dopants are then deposited into interconnected pores of porous glass in such a fashion that properties of the glass are varied, e.g., for optical purposes, the index of refraction is controlled.

Abstract: A process for producing a soft aperture filter having high acid and heat resistance as well as a desired colored layer thickness comprising heat-treating a glass, having a base composition of 55 to 72 mole percent SiO.sub.2, 15 to 35 mole percent Na.sub.2 O, 0 to 5 percent di-valent oxides other than ZnO, 4 to 15 mole percent ZnO, and 0 to 5 mole percent Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 with Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 and/or As.sub.2 O.sub.3 additionally present in an amount of 2 to 5 weight percent of the base composition, in a fused bath containing 14 to 60 mole percent of a silver salt, and optionally with NaNO.sub.3 and/or Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4.

Abstract: A decorative pattern is formed on the inner surface of the blow molded glass article by imprinting the pattern on the surface of the glass gob by means of a die having the pattern formed thereon and subsequently blow molding against the imprinted surface.

Abstract: Quartz glass of high thermal stability is produced from a SiO.sub.2 solution or sol which is substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides and contains chromium and/or manganese in about 0.05 to 20% by weight of the SiO.sub.2 expressed as Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Mn.sub.2 O.sub.3. The quartz glass upon heating above 1100.degree. C forms cristobalite having an average crystallite size of about 100 to 500 A. Articles therefrom retain their physical and mechanical properties at high temperatures. The materials are suited for producing fibers by the usual methods of spinning from solutions or sols and, as such, or as fibers they are suited for use in reinforcement and insulation and in making flameproof textiles.

Abstract: An apparatus for drawing a dielectric optical waveguide having minimal attenuation characteristics comprises a double crucible in a closed atmosphere container with glass rod supply means and atmosphere supply means.

Abstract: The invention achieves local variation, or a continuous gradation, in photochromic or phototropic properties across the face of glass lenses and lens blanks, especially those of ophthalmic quality. The lenses and lens blanks contain all those ingredients required to produce photochromic or phototropic behavior. They are exposed to a locally variable temperature field or environment, in such manner as to, in at least one portion of the lens or lens blank cause the temperature therein to exceed the strain point but not the softening point of the glass. In other portions of the lens or lens blank the temperature is below the strain point, thus causing development of phototropic or photochromic behavior only in those portions of the lens or lens blank exposed to the temperatures above the strain point.

Abstract: A moulding tool for a machine for moulding plastic material, especially molten glass, comprises at least one mould middle section divided into a plurality of middle section parts, and operating means having members each carrying with clearance a respective one of the mould middle section parts for opening and closing movements transversely of the longitudinal axis of the mould and transversely guiding the parts in two axially spaced guide planes by means of guide elements.

Abstract: Method of preparing granular quartz glass which comprises heating a porous granulated silica gel having an alkoxy group content equal to or less than 1 weight percent and a total impurity content of less than 1 part per million, the porous granulated silica gel obtained by hydrolysis of an orthosilicic acid ester of an aliphatic alcohol at a temperature up to 1400.degree. C.

Abstract: A method wherein the material for manufacturing the fitting is supplied into the mold to the point of intersection of its side channels which are arranged substantially horizontally, and pressing is performed simultaneously in all of the above channels of the mold.

Abstract: A differentially cooled plunger cooperative with a mold for press forming glass articles and the method of cooling pressed glass articles formed in said mold by use of the pressing plunger. The plunger is designed so that cooling fluid may be supplied from a single source thereof to different zones or regions of the plunger for differential cooling of the zones or regions and of a glass article press formed by the plunger.

Abstract: An improvement upon the making of colored photosensitive glasses via the exposure thereof to high energy or actinic radiation followed by heat treatment thereof, the improvement comprising conducting the exposure of the glasses while such are at a temperature between about 200.degree. - 410.degree. C. to thereby considerably shorten the time required for developing color and to produce colors of very high intensity.

Abstract: An optical fibre is manufactured by forming a layer of fused silica, which may or may not be doped, on the inner wall of a fused silica tube by producing a plasma in the reactant gases flowing through the tube. By this means a higher temperature can be maintained inside the tube than at the tubes outer wall. The plasma is produced at substantially atmospheric pressure. Cooling gas is passed along the outer wall of the tube.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of ambient light which is reflected by the phosphor located on the inside surface of a color television picture tube face plate. More particularly, the invention contemplates placing a green-absorbing optical filter in front of the red and blue phosphor areas. The filter is produced from gold-containing glass.In carrying out the preferred embodiment of the invention, an opaque mask having holes of the desired shape and in the proper pattern is placed near a CeO.sub.2 -activated, photosensitive gold-containing glass, the glass is exposed through the mask to ultra-violet radiation, and thereafter subjected to a prescribed heat treatment to yield the color filters. The phosphors are applied in dot or slot-shaped configurations in the conventional manner with the blue and red phosphors being placed over the filters and the green phosphor in the clear area.

Abstract: An antireflective layer is formed on a surface of a body of phase separable glass by heat treating the glass to cause it to become separated into at least two distinct phases of different solubility. A surface of the body is subjected to a leaching solution which preferentially leaches at least the most soluble phase, leaving a surface layer consisting of a skeletal structure that comprises the least soluble phase. The leaching solution preferaby contains an acid which etches the skeletal structure which becomes so modified that the film exhibits an effective refractive index gradient thereacross, the film therefor exhibiting antireflectance properties over a wide band of wavelengths.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for producing patterned color-triad arrays in glass for use in color television picture tubes, such arrays being capable of acting as spectrally-selective filters and to provide the desired color information when the television tube is operating. The color-triad arrays are produced by sequentially or simultaneously exposing a polychromatic glass through an electron shadow mask to high energy or actinic radiation and thereafter following the heat treatment and re-exposure practice known to develop colors within polychromatic glass. The filtering action provided by the color triads integrally present within the glass can enhance the contrast of the color image produced. Also, the presence of the color triads in the glass permits the use of a single "white" phosphor, rather than a red, a green and a blue phosphor as are presently used in the conventional color television picture tube.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with the production of glass-ceramic articles, wherein the predominant crystal phase consists of beta-spodumene solid solution or nepheline, but which have integral surface films containing alpha-iron. The method for producing such articles comprises two general steps. First, a glass article having a composition within a particularly-defined area within the Li.sub.2 O-FeO-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -SiO.sub.2 -TiO.sub.2 field or within the Na.sub.2 O-FeO-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -SiO.sub.2 -TiO.sub.2 field is heat treated under oxidizing conditions at temperatures of at least about 1000.degree. C. to cause crystallization in situ of the glass to a glass-ceramic article wherein beta-spodumene solid solution or nepheline crystals constitute the predominant crystal phase in the interior of the article and, at the same time, an integral surface layer containing hematite crystals is developed.

Abstract: The instant invention is concerned with the preparation of iron-containing glasses having compositions within the R.sub.2 O-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 -SiO.sub.2 field, wherein R.sub.2 O consists of Li.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2 O, and/or K.sub.2 O, which spontaneously develop thin surface layers containing hematite (alpha-Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3) crystals when exposed to relatively low temperature heat treatments, viz., at least about 675.degree. C. but less than about 950.degree. C., in an oxidizing environment. Described visually, the resulting surfaces exhibit a variety of appearances, ranging from mirror-like through lustrous metallic to dull-earthen. In all surface layers, the hematite crystals may subsequently be chemically reduced to magnetite (Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4) or metallic iron crystals. Permanent magnetization can then be induced by means of the application of a strong magnetic force. The magnetite-containing surfaces can also demonstrate semiconductivity. The metallic iron surface can be highly electrically conductive.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to the production of glass-ceramic articles, wherein the predominant crystal phase is beta-quartz solid solution and/or beta-spodumene solid solution, but which have a thin, integral, tightly-bonded surface film containing crystals exhibiting the structure of magnetite. The preferred method of production for such articles requires three general steps. First, a glass article having a particular composition within the Li.sub.2 O--FeO--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2 field nucleated with TiO.sub.2 is heat treated in air or other oxidizing atmosphere to yield a glass-ceramic article through the crystallization in situ of beta-quartz solid solution and/or beta-spodumene solid solution crystals. Simultaneously during this heat treatment, a surface layer containing hematite is developed. Second, the glass-ceramic article is subjected to a hot acid bath. Third, the acid-washed article is heat treated in a H.sub.

Abstract: Adherent layers of glass are deposited on a preform or substrate via the controlled oxidation of a glass precursor, such as silicon monoxide, in the vapor state, thereby providing unusual shaped composite articles having a glass coating on the substrate. A preform or substrate such as carbon can subsequently be oxidized, thereby providing a glass microcapillary of exceedingly uniform dimensions.