Abstract: Nylon 66 polymer is prepared by condensation of a reaction mixture containing 1,8-diazacyclotetradecane-2,7-dione and nylon 66 salt and/or caprolactam.
Abstract: Imide-containing phthalonitrile monomers are prepared from a phthalonitrile and an aromatic dianhydride. The monomer and a method for preparing the monomer is disclosed. These monomers are synthesized into heat resistant polymers and copolymers with aromatic ring structure incorporating imide and ether linkages. The synthesis of the high temperature thermosetting polymers and copolymers is also disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 30, 1992
Date of Patent:
March 8, 1994
Assignee:
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
Abstract: Copolymers of polyamino acids formed by reaction of an alcohol with maleic anhydride to form the half ester followed by addition of ammonia, ammonia and an amine, or ammonia and a polyamine. The mixture is then heated to 120.degree.-350.degree. C. to form polysuccinimide or a derivative thereof. The resulting polysuccinimide may be hydrolyzed to form a derivative of polyaspartic acid or its salt.
Abstract: Solutions of polymers of aspartic acid or its amine copolymers prepared by thermal condensation are reacted with a decolorizing agent selected from the group consisting of hypochlorfte, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, a peroxycarboxylate or ozone, sufficient in strength to effect the desired decolorization.
Abstract: There are described aromatic copolyamides which are soluble in organic polyamide solvents and which consist essentially of recurring structural units of the formulae Ia, Ib and Ic on the one hand and Ia, Ib and Ie on the other[--OC--R.sup.1 --CO--NH--R.sup.2 --NH--] (Ia), [--OC--R.sup.1 --CO--NH--R.sup.3 --NH--] (Ib),[--OC--R.sup.1 --CO--NH--R.sup.4 --NH--] (Ic), [--OC--R.sup.1 --CO--NH--R.sup.7 --NH--] (Ie),where R.sup.1 and R.sup.7 are divalent aromatic radicals whose valence bonds are in the para or a comparable coaxial or parallel position relative to one another, R.sup.2 is a radical of the formula III ##STR1## and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are radicals of the formula IV ##STR2## where Z is --O--, --S--, --CO--, --SO.sub.2 --, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkylene or --O--R.sup.1 --O-- and R.sup.6 is in each case hydrogen or an inert substituent.The mole fractions of the individual structural features in the copolyamides are defined within selected limits.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 12, 1992
Date of Patent:
March 1, 1994
Assignee:
Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors:
Georg-Emerich Miess, Peter Klein, Karl Heinrich
Abstract: A process for preparing a polyarylene thioether, comprising oxidation coupling polymerizing with oxygen and a catalyst in the presence of an acid, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of thiophenols of the formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.9 to R.sup.12 are identical or different and each is hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, halogen or alkoxyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Reaction conditions of the process are very mild, and the process is relatively simple and easy. In addition, the process is commercially advantageous in that very inexpensive reactants and catalysts can be used.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 7, 1992
Date of Patent:
March 1, 1994
Assignees:
Research Institute for Production Development, Idemitsu Petrochemmical Co., Ltd.
Abstract: The invention discloses an improved process for the preparation of aryl polycarbonates. The process involves reacting aryl carbonate and dihydric phenol in the melt phase with a catalyst belonging to the class of quaternary ammonium bioxyanions having the general formula: ##STR1## Wherein `X` represents a carboxylate or a phenolate group or a mixture thereof and `R` represents alkyl or aryl.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 9, 1992
Date of Patent:
February 22, 1994
Assignee:
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Inventors:
Swaminathan Sivaram, Jagdish C. Sehra, Venkat S. Iyer, Ishwar S. Bhardwaj, Sheo Satish
Abstract: Polyaspartate, useful or inhibition of incrustations due to materials causing hardness in water and of value in detergent formulations, can be prepared by reacting maleic acid or fumaric acid in a molar ratio of 1:1-2.1 at temperatures greater than 170.degree. C., followed by conversion of the polymer formed in this reaction to a salt of polyaspartic acid by basic hydrolysis.
Abstract: Bishaloformate derivatives of diols, especially bisphenols, are used in a polycondensation reaction under low temperature interfacial polycondensation conditions to obtain high molecular weight polycarbonates or alternating copolycarbonates which are useful as photoreceptor materials.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 1, 1992
Date of Patent:
February 22, 1994
Assignee:
Xerox Corporation
Inventors:
Walter Mychajlowskij, George Liebermann, Dasarao K. Murti
Abstract: A process for preparing polycarbonate wherein a chain terminator is added to the reaction mixture after substantial reaction of a carbonate precursor, a coupling catalyst is added to the reaction mixture after substantial reaction of the chain terminator, and base is added to the reaction mixture after reaction mixture after substantial reaction of the chain terminator in an amount sufficient to give a negative chloroformate test.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 5, 1993
Date of Patent:
February 22, 1994
Assignee:
The Dow Chemical Company
Inventors:
Sarat Munjal, Thomas M. Wardlow, Andrew F. Hall
Abstract: A process for making PBZ fibers of ultra-high physical properties is given. Polybenzoxazole fibers made by the process of this invention have tensile strengths nearly double in value from what has been reported previously.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 3, 1992
Date of Patent:
February 15, 1994
Assignee:
The Dow Chemical Company
Inventors:
Robert A. Bubeck, Stephen J. Nolan, Chieh-Chun Chau, Steven Rosenberg, Mark D. Newsham, Myrna Serrano
Abstract: Thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyamides comprise: (a) a thermoplastic, aliphatic polyamide, such as nylon-6,6; and (b) a mesogen comprising an amide-linked aromatic group segment which is not completely para-linked (namely, is substantially ortho- or meta-linked or a mixture of ortho- and meta-linked) by an amide linkage to an alkylene amide group contained in the mesogen.
Abstract: Ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymer composition with improved thermal stability wherein the insoluble copolymer content after exposure to a temperature of 265.degree. C. during 5 minutes is at most 40 wt. % and use of the composition for the manufacture of objects, essentially consisting of ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymer. The composition preferably contains an inorganic compound reacting as a base upon contact with water.
Abstract: The present invention discloses a polycarbonate modification method wherein a polycarbonate resin having (a) a carbon-carbon double bond, and (b) at least one group selected from the group consisting of --C(.dbd.O)--Cl, --C(.dbd.O)--Br, --C(.dbd.O)--OH, --OH, --O--C(.dbd.O)--Cl and --O--C(.dbd.O)--Br, is melt-kneaded in the presence of a radical initiator. Polycarbonate resins prepared according to the present method retain the desirable properties associated with polycarbonates while exhibiting decreased surface gloss.
Abstract: A copolymeric polycarbonate containing repeating constituent units having formula [I] below and repeating constituent units having formula [II] below in a molar ratio of from 98:2 to 40:60. ##STR1## The above-described copolymeric polycarbonates have excellent resistance to chemicals, heat resistance and flame retardancy without compromising the impact resistance and good hues intrinsic to polycarbonates.
Abstract: Higher molecular weight copolymers of polyaspartic acid which are suitable for the inhibition of scale deposition may be obtained by reacting maleic acid and ammonia in a stoichiometric excess, with a diamine or a triamine, at 120.degree.-350.degree. C., preferably 180.degree.-300.degree. C., and then converting the copolymer of polysuccinimide formed to a salt of a copolymer of polyaspartic acid by hydrolysis with a hydroxide.
Abstract: Polyphthalamides having a useful combination of thermal and mechanical properties and excellent solvent resistance, particularly to alcohols, comprise recurring aliphatic terephthalamide and 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylamide units and, optionally, isophthalamide units.
Abstract: An artificial hair made of a fibers comprising a poly-.alpha.-amino acid derivative insoluble to water and alcohols and represented by one of the following general formulae (1)-(4): ##STR1## providing that R in each of the above formula (1)-(4) is R.sup.a, R.sup.b and R.sup.c represented, respectively, by the following general formula (5), (6) or (7): ##STR2## or made or polyamino acid urethane fiber comprising a copolymer of an amino acid N-carboxy anhydride and a polyurethane, in which the copolymer is subjected to an amidation reaction with an organic diamine and an organic amine having amino groups and mercapto groups or disulfide groups and to shaping into a fibrous form.The artificial hair has a dyeability, shape retainability, natural and soft and flexible feeling, excellent tough and brushing property, as well as has natural color and gloss and toughness like that natural protein fiber.