Abstract: This application discloses a novel fabric softening composition which is a dispersed complex of a cationic nitrogenous compound and an anionic detergent, the complex containing two or more alkyl radicals having from 15 to 24 carbon atoms, the dispersing agent used being an ethylene oxide condensate of a hydrophobic organic radical having from 50% to 80% ethylene oxide.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: (a) each R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl group, or a group of the formula: ##STR2## and each R.sup.1 may be the same as, or different from, any other group R.sup.1.(b) R.sup.2 is a group as defined for R.sup.1, or a group of the formula:--O(R.sup.5 O).sub.n Si(R.sup.1).sub.3 (iv)and each group R.sup.2 may be the same as, or different from, any other group R.sup.2.(c) each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is independently a group of the formula: ##STR3##--(R.sup.5 O).sub.n --R.sup.6 (vii)(d) R.sup.5 is an alkylene or an arylene group and each R.sup.5 may be the same as, or different from, any other group R.sup.5,(e) R.sup.6 is a hydrocarbyl group of hydrogen and each group R.sup.6 may be the same as, or different from, any other group R.sup.6,(f) n is zero or an integer and each n may be the same as, or different from, any other n.The compounds are useful as water scavengers, particularly for hydraulic fluids, as well as in paints, lubricating oils and electrical oils.

Abstract: The strength of ice is reduced by the dissolution of a water-soluble composition composed of (A) a non- or slightly-ionizing water-soluble organic compound containing one or more hydrophilic groups, and (B) an organic or inorganic, water soluble ammonium salt, optionally with surface active agent or water and conventional additives in ice-forming water. The composition is particularly suitable for application to a wet, particulate solid material prior to its storage or transportation in sub-freezing weather to produce a frozen mass of reduced mechanical strength, thereby greatly mitigating subsequent unloading or handling of the material.

Abstract: A paraffin composition that is solid at 25.degree. C. and has an improved heat reservoir by virtue of being combined with inert solid material, wherein the paraffin composition contains from 25 to 55% by weight of at least two constituents comprising aluminium or one of its oxides or silicates, and magnesium or one of its oxides or silicates.

Abstract: A composition and method for inhibiting damage in a functional fluid by incorporating therein a damage inhibiting amount of an ammonium salt of a phosphorus acid in accordance with the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R', R", R''' can be the same or different and wherein R and R' can be conjoint and contain oxygen, nitrogen, and mixtures thereof; and represent alkyl, aralkyl, and alkenyl groups containing from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, X represents oxygen or sulfur, Y' and Y'' represent lower alkoxy, lower thioalkoxy, alkenyloxy, thioalkenyloxy, lower alkyl, carboalkoxyalkyl, phenyl lower alkyl, thiophenoxy, aryloxy, alkaryloxy, aralkoxy and lower alkylthiophenoxy, Z represents oxygen or sulfur, and m equals 1 or 2.

Abstract: Na.sub.2 HPO.sub.4.12H.sub.2 O is prevented from deteriorating as a heat storage medium after repeated cycles of heat storage and heat withdrawal resulting from precipitation of dehydrated forms of the salt by mixing thoroughly into the dodecahydrate material a small water content up to 5% of the mixture by weight, after which the material is heated above the melting point of the dodecahydrate and then cooled in a gas-tight container. Between 0.1 and 2% by weight of urea, and most preferably about 0.7% by weight thereof, may also be incorporated into the mixture, as by first dissolving the urea into the water to be added, in order to reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the heat storage medium.

Abstract: A soap or detergent additive composition comprising a blend of an effective amount of(a) an essential oil(b) a detergent composition which includes an anionic, cationic or non-ionic surfactant or mixtures thereof, and(c) a softening agent which comprises a fixed oil derivative.

Abstract: A damping agent for damping mechanical and/or acoustical vibrations. The agent includes a fluid phase of a polyglycol, silicone oil, mineral oil, and/or a saturated aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid ester having graphite dispersed therein. The graphite is dispersed by means of a wetting agent. Anti-oxidants and an agent to stabilize the structural viscosity of the damping agent may also be included.

Abstract: 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (refrigerant 133a) is dissolved in a furan-derivative absorbent, and especially an ether of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, to form an absorption refrigerant pair composition. It exhibits a good combination of performance, capacity, stability, low toxicity and convenient operating pressures. These compositions are useful in methods of absorption refrigeration, cooling and heating and especially in an absorption heat pump.

Abstract: An arc quenching composition suitable for deionizing and extinguishing a high voltage electrical arc comprising an effective proportion of dicyandiamide. Depending on the application in which the arc extinguishing composition is employed, the dicyandiamide may be utilized alone, admixed with a suitable binder, or used to impregnate another material.

Abstract: Composition and method for removing metal oxides from ferrous metals. The composition contains an ammonia derivative such as an amine, a strong mineral acid and an organic chelating agent for the metal oxides in an aqueous solution having an acidic pH of about 0.5-3.0. Metal oxides are most readily removed by applying the solution at elevated temperature.

Abstract: A weakly acidic or acidic liquid detergent composition comprising a water-soluble solvent, an anionic and/or nonionic surfactant, an acidic substance or a mixture of acidic substance and water-soluble salt thereof, wherein said water-soluble solvent has the formulaRO(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.x (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.y R'wherein R and R' are hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, with the proviso that R and R' are not hydrogen simultaneously, the sum of x plus y is from 3.0 to 10 and 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.25y.

Abstract: A surface of an insulating substrate, if not wettable, is made wettable, then moistened with water and brought in intimate contact with a water soluble crystal layer, whereby a strong bond between the crystal and the substrate will result.

Abstract: Adding compounds which form in the temperature range of 1000.degree. to 1250.degree. C. the eutectics CuO.Cu.sub.2 O or CuO.Cu.sub.2 O Me.sup.IV O.sub.2 to materials having a perowskite structure results in a reduction of the sintering temperature of the perowskite ceramic to between 1050.degree. and 1185.degree. C. For the perowskite ceramic the relevant materials are alkaline earth titanates, -zirconates, -stannates and mixed crystals thereof; Me.sup.IV O.sub.2 represents the oxides of the elements of group IV of the periodic system of elements.

Abstract: Silicone-hydrocarbon compositions of matter having utility as lubricants and hydraulic fluids.

Abstract: What is disclosed is an electrical insulating material which consists of conventional electrical insulating materials which contain zinc oxide and a silicon compound wherein there is at least one hydrogen atom bound to a silicon atom. The improved compositions give minimal changes in their properties over wide temperature ranges.

Abstract: A liquid detergent composition comprising 0.5 to 30% by weight of at least one alkanolamine represented by the following general formula (1):(C.sub.n H.sub.2n OH).sub.m NH.sub.3-m (1)wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 3 and m is an integer of from 1 to 3,0.5 to 30% by weight of a polyoxyalkylene mono- or di-lower alkyl ether represented by the following general formula (2):RO(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.x (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.y R' (2)wherein R and R' stand for a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, with the proviso that the case where both of R and R' are hydrogen atoms is excluded, the mean value of (x+y) is from 3.0 to 10.0 and the relation of 0.0.ltoreq..times..ltoreq.0.25y is established,and 0.1 to 20% by weight of at least one surface active agent.

Abstract: The invention is a synergistic combination of inhibitors which effectively prevents corrosion in automotive cooling systems containing antifreeze solution based on water-soluble alcohols. The combination includes sodium tetraborate, sodium benzoate, sodium metaborate, sodium metasilicate and tolyltriazole or benzotriazole.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic composition for microwave applications consists essentially of a sintered mixture represented by the general formula:(1-x)MgTiO.sub.3 --x(Ca.sub.1-y Me.sub.y)TiO.sub.3wherein Me is at least one rare earth element selected from the group of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, and wherein x and y are molar fractions of respective components and take values within the following respective ranges: 0.03.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.15, 0.001.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.06. The composition is a fine-grained, dence ceramic and enables to produce microwave devices with high permittivity, high quality factor and small temperature coefficient of resonance frequency.

Abstract: A detergent composition is provided containing as essential ingredients one or more surfactants, one or more builders, perborate, and a member of the group chosen from (a) acidic substances acceptable in detergent compositions and having a pK value of at least 2, and (b) compounds which in aqueous solutions of said compositions form said substance in situ, a 0.5% aqueous solution of said composition having an initial pH of 5.0-8.5, measured at room temperature.The composition may contain further usual additives, and is preferably substantially phosphate-free. Surfactants of the polyether-carboxylic acid type may be used herein advantageously.