Abstract: The arrangement transmits light energy from a light source by means of a stack of light-conducting members having surfaces which are approximately parallel to a common plane. The members are arranged around the light source and their outward ends define reflecting surfaces. Each member collects a portion of the light energy emanating from the light source and guides its portion of the collected light energy along a prescribed path to its reflecting surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatic exposure control in a single lens reflex camera including an objective lens having a diaphragm regulating ring and a preselection ring forming part of a preselectable diaphragm means.A photo-electric receiver controls the exposure.A light regulating element having an adjusting device for varying the transparency thereof is provided in the light path from the lens and is positioned in front of the photo-electric receiver.A coupling arrangement is provided in which a receiver diaphragm ring engages the lens diaphragm preselection ring.First and second lugs are provided on the adjusting device of which the first lug can be coupled with the receiver diaphragm ring.A spring loaded lug is provided on the diaphragm regulating ring.

Abstract: An electrostatographic machine is provided with a manually operable switch for changing the output of a pre-transfer corona discharge device depending upon the contrast characteristic of an original document to be copied. If the pre-transfer device is energized by an A.C. signal biased to a preselected D.C. level, this D.C. bias level may be changed in accordance with contrast quality of the original document to vary the image density at which transition from transfer suppression to transfer enhancement takes place. Alternatively, the A.C. excitation level may be varied to change the point at which transition from transfer enhancement to transfer suppression occurs.

Abstract: Newly inserted image transfer portions are subjected to a preset number of document reproduction machine operations. Such preconditioning modifies the image area such that physical properties of the image area are adjusted to ensure high-quality document reproduction.

Abstract: In an electric shutter including a light measuring circuit for measuring the scene brightness and a comparator connected therewith for providing output voltage which rises from a low level to a high level when a time corresponding to the scene brightness has lapsed, a switching transistor circuit and an electromagnet for holding the trailing shutter blind are connected in parallel between the output of the comparator and the main power switch. When the power switch is turned on, both the switching transistor circuit and the electromagnet are turned on. When the output voltage of the comparator rises up to the high level, the switching transistor circuit and the electromagnet are turned off.

Abstract: An exposure control circuit that produces a variable exposure interval depending upon scene brightness or a constant exposure interval proportional to a predetermined scene brightness, by providing a photocurrent proportional to the level of actual scene brightness and a reference current proportional to the predetermined scene brightness and, preferably automatically, selectively integrating the photocurrent or the reference current depending upon the relative magnitude of the currents. The integrated current provides a signal to produce a variable exposure interval related to actual scene brightness when the photocurrent is greater than the reference current, or provides a signal to produce a constant exposure interval when the photocurrent is less than the reference current. The selective integration may be disabled to permit only the photocurrent to be integrated over all scene brightness and thus produce an exposure interval related to actual scene brightness beyond the predetermined brightness.

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus having improved structure and procedures for regenerating electrophotosensitive properties of its photoconductive imaging member. Erase lights, of spectral quality matching peak absorption characteristics of the imaging member, are located to enable their radiation to be strongly absorbed proximate the positively biased surface of the imaging member. The regenerative sources are provided at locations around the copying path which cause relief of field load on the photoconductor during each cycle, soon after its useful function has been accomplished.

Abstract: An exposure control system is provided for a photographic apparatus of the type which may be used in conjunction with a source of artificial illumination to illuminate darkened portions of a photographic subject under relatively high levels of ambient scene light intensity. The exposure control system includes means for programming the exposure control in a select manner so as to respond to the artificial light source being utilized under relatively high levels of ambient scene light intensity. The exposure is programmed by determining the exposure interval as a function of whether the artificial light source is ignited in an ordinary manner after a predetermined time delay subsequent to the commencement of the exposure cycle or in a so called "fill-in flash" manner as a function of the integrated ambient scene light intensity reaching a predetermined level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exposure meter circuit of a camera with a matching network for a flash device with which camera auxiliary light photography can be carried out the flash device presents a detecting output terminal of a detecting network for detecting the level of the stored energy of an energy storing means provided in the flash circuit of the flash device, a voltage supply terminal for supplying the operation voltage to the detecting network and a synchronizing terminal for triggering the flash device. With this camera, daylight photographing can also be carried out without a flash device. The exposure meter circuit is characterized in that in the exposure meter circuit a current source is included for the exposure meter. A first switching means is connected with one electrode of the current source. Grounding of the current source occurs in functional connection with the switching of the flashlight photographing over to the daylight photographing.

Abstract: An electrostatic photographic copying apparatus includes an optical system for projecting an image of an original onto the surface of a photosensitive drum. The system consists of openings for exposure of the original and the photosensitive drum, first and second reflex mirrors, and a mirror lens. The mirror lens is disposed so that light from the original is reflected by the first reflex mirror into said mirror lens and from the mirror lens back to the first reflex mirror. The light from the original is then reflected by the first reflex mirror to the second reflex mirror and from the second reflex mirror onto the photosensitive drum to thereby form a four-fold reverse image of the original being copied.

Abstract: A xerographic copying apparatus having a developer operable to present a two component developer mix, i.e. carrier and toner, to the photoconductor's latent electrostatic image, and apparatus for automatically adding virgin toner to the developer as the toner concentration is depleted as a result of toning the photoconductor's image over a period of making a number of copies. Once the need to add toner is indicated, a known, unit quantity of toner is added to the developer. Immediately thereafter, the ability to sense toner concentration is inhibited until the next two photoconductor images have been toned. In the event that low concentration is sensed immediately thereafter, another unit quantity of toner is added, and sensing is again inhibited for the two-copy interval. In the additional event that low concentration is sensed seven consecutive times, each time being separated by a two-copy inhibit interval, a failure latch is set and further operation of the copying apparatus is inhibited.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aperture setting device for camera at the time of photographing under day light as well as under flashlight. The device presents an aperture setting ring rotatable from the range of photographing under daylight to that under flashlight, being switched over according to the then photographing conditions, an information setting means to be moved according to the set information for photographing under flashlight such as information of the distance and an aperture ring for setting aperture, whereby the aperture ring is moved in engagement with the aperture setting ring in case the aperture setting ring is set for the range of photographing under daylight while the aperture ring is moved in engagement with the information setting means in case the aperture setting ring is set for the range of photographing under flashlight. In this way the aperture is set for photographing under daylight as well as under flashlight.

Abstract: In a projection device including a lamp unit detachably connected with a unit containing the optical condenser system, the lamp unit containing a concave mirror and an electric bulb mounted in a socket, the bulb being movable for the purpose of centering its filament coil in relation to the mirror and the condenser unit being fixedly mounted in a projection device while the lamp unit is merely supported by the condenser unit, the connecting means are so designed as to connect the lamp unit mechanically to the condenser unit as well as forming an electrical connection between the bulb socket and the terminal parts of the condenser unit. The connecting elements are secured to one of two units and extend parallel to the optical axis of the light fixture, the other of the units having guide recesses into which the connecting elements are inserted in the manner of a plug connection.

Abstract: In a vacuum contact printer there are provided a winding roller to which one end of a resilient vacuum sheet is attached and a pressure roller for pressing the sheet against a glass plate. Along with the advancement of both rollers, which are rotatably supported on a pair of bearing plates movable in a longitudinal direction, the sheet automatically spreads over the glass plate, being wound off the winding roller and simultaneously being pressed by the pressure roller so that all the air kept between the sheet and the glass plate is completely expelled. In addition, a suctorial operation encourages a closer adhesion of the sheet to the glass plate, whereby a document and a sensitive material placed between them can be sufficiently in close contact with each other.

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus having a movable web of plastic material on which is disposed a vapor-deposited conductive layer and a photoconductor layer. The conductive layer is in slidable contact with a fixed potential stationary electrical contact having a graphite surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically issuing an identification card, such as a commutation ticket, airline ticket, credit card, driver's license or the like, which has information forming means having an information storage device for electromagnetically storing a coded information to be described on a web of paper to provide the identification card, a keyboard arrangement having a plurality of keys corresponding to the contents stored in the information storage device, a control device for selecting items from among the contents stored in the information storage device by operating the keyboard arrangement, and an information compiling device for compiling all of the coded information selected by the keyboard arrangement into a video signal information, a copying unit including a photoreceptor drum having the outer peripheral surface adapted to bear a latent image and an optical fiber tube which converts the video signal information into rays of light carrying the respective images of the coded information.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measurement of the ratio of the triboelectric toner particle charge to the toner particle mass in electrostatographic apparatus. The ratio of the toner particle charge to the toner particle mass is determined by combining a measurement of the difference between the electrostatic photoreceptor potential in the presence and in the absence of charged toner particles with a measurement of a difference in optical reflectance in the presence and in the absence of charged toner particles. The measurement of the difference in the electrostatic potential of the photoreceptor provides a quantity proportional to the toner particle charge per unit area. The measurement of the difference in optical reflectance provides a quantity related to the toner mass per unit area, a quantity that is linear for low particle densities. Combining the two difference measurements provides a quantity proportional to the toner charge per toner mass.

Abstract: A device for printing an image of an indicium manually selected from a series of indicia representing different exposure values in or near the corresponding exposed frame of the film associated with a camera. Responsive to an actuation of the camera shutter release member, a pulse-forming circuit produces a pulse signal in a predetermined potential form which drives a switching circuit until the time dependant potential of the pulse signal reaches a threshold level for actuating an electronic switch controlling the period of actuation of a lamp by which said selected indicium is illuminated, whereby the time of exposure of the film to the indicium printing light is maintained constant irrespective of variation of the period of actuation of the camera shutter release member.

Abstract: In an automatic flash camera having a lens with a rotatable focusing ring, a lens attachment coacts with the focusing ring to control the camera. In the attachment, a mounting arrangement detachably mounts the attachment to the end of the lens. An interconnecting arrangement, rotatably mounted on the mounting arrangement, engages the focusing ring to move therewith. A variable resistance system is mounted on the two arrangements and is varied by movement of the interconnecting arrangement relative to the mounting arrangement. The variable resistance system includes an adjustable member which is movable between a number of positions. In one position the variable resistance system exhibits one range of resistances corresponding to one type of lens when the interconnecting arrangement is moved. In other positions the variable resistance system exhibits other ranges of resistances each corresponding to lenses of other aperture ratios and focal lengths.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying apparatus having a photosensitive drum is provided with an assembly for feeding transfer material, an image transfer roller, and a fixing assembly all located upwardly of the drum, while a brush developer assembly, whole-surface exposure lamp, primary charging and contemporaneous secondary-charging exposure electrodes, and cleaning assembly are provided generally downwardly of the drum. The transfer roller and cleaning assembly are mounted on a movable frame structure which when moved away from a central frame structure permits access to and removal of the drum. A transport mechanism for an original has an adjustable path selector for recirculating an original upon insertion and expelling the original after the second traverse. The number of traverses is determined by a rotary cam. A dust-proof chamber encloses a completely independent optical assembly for projecting the image from the original onto the drum.