Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of purifying cadmium and tellurium and forming pure, stoichiometric cadmium telluride therefrom as well as the apparatus for making such cadmium telluride. The cadmium and tellurium are purified by heating each separately to volatilization and passing water in a reducing gas through the volatilized cadmium and tellurium to react with impurities and form gases or precipitates. The cadmium and tellurium are volatilized at different predetermined temperatures such that the amount of each volatilized will be the same so that reaction later takes place with stoichiometric amounts of the elements to form the cadmium telluride. The cadmium telluride is then condensed at low enough temperature so that the remaining gases pass out of the system.

Abstract: The present invention provides acicular particles (A) containing an iron carbide, which have (a) a free carbon content of at most 20 wt. %, and (b) an Fe.sub.5 C.sub.2 ratio(x) of at least 70% and a coercive force of 3x+300 to 7x+270 Oe, the ratio(x) being expressed by ##EQU1## wherein S1 is the X-ray diffraction strength of Fe.sub.5 C.sub.2, and S2 is the X-ray diffraction strength of Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4. The invention further provides particles (B) containing nickel and an iron carbide. The invention further provides acicular particles containing an iron carbide which are obtained by heating an aqueous dispersion of ferric hydroxide in an alkaline system in the presence of a water-soluble compound capable of coordinating to iron to obtain acicular .alpha.-ferric oxide and contacting the product with a carbon-containing reducing-and-carburizing agent or with a mixture of the agent and a carbon-free reducing agent, with or without contacting the product with the carbon-free reducing agent.

Abstract: Magnetic carbon black, a process for preparing the same, and a method of modifying magnetic carbon black are provided. The magnetic carbon black is prepared by process A in which when a hydrocarbon is supplied into a high temperature combustion gas stream formed by combustion of a fuel to prepare carbon black, an organic transition metal compound is supplied together with the hydrocarbon and, at the same time, an oxygen gas is supplied from the circumference of the hydrocarbon, process B in which a transition metal compound is supplied together with a hydrogen gas on the downstream side of the supply position of the hydrocarbon, and process C in which a hydrocarbon is supplied into a high temperature combustion gas stream on both the upstream side and the downstream side and a transition metal compound is supplied from a position between the supply positions of the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing alkaline earth halophosphate stir-in phosphors which comprises forming a mixture of about 55% to 75% calcium monohydrogen phosphate, about 15% to 35% calcium carbonate, about 2% to 20% ammonium chloride, about 1% to 15% manganese carbonate, about 1% to 15% antimony trioxide, and about 2% to 10% by weight calcium fluoride, wherein the average particle size of the calcium monohydrogen phosphate by Fisher subseive size is about 4.6 to 6.8 micrometers in diameter and the 50% Coulter Counter size is about 9.0 to 11.5, firing in a non-reacting atmosphere at 600.degree. C. to 1300.degree. C.

Abstract: A divalent europium activated alkaline earth metal halide phosphor which is coactivated with boron and has the formula (I):M.sup.II X.sub.2.aM.sup.II X'.sub.2 :xEu.sup.2+,yB (I)in which M.sup.II is at least one alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr and Ca; each of X and X' is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I, and X.noteq.X'; and a, x and y are numbers satisfying the conditions of 0.1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.10.0, 0<x.ltoreq.0.2 and 2.times.10.sup.-4 .ltoreq.y.ltoreq.2.times.10.sup.-1, respectively. A radiation image recording and reproducing method utilizing said phosphor and a radiation image storage panel employing said phosphor are also disclosed.

Abstract: A radiation image recording and reproducing method comprising steps of:(i) causing a divalent europium activated complex halide phosphor having the formula (I):M.sup.II X.sub.2 .multidot.aM.sup.II X'.sub.2 .multidot.bMgX".sub.2 :xEu.sup.2+ (I)in which M.sup.II is at least one alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr and Ca; each of X and X' is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I, and X.noteq.X'; X" is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; and a, B and x are numbers satisfying the conditions of 0.1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.10.0, 2.times.10.sup.-5 .ltoreq.b.ltoreq.2.times.10.sup.-2 and O<x.ltoreq.0.2, respectively, to absorb a radiation having passed through an object or having radiated form an object;(ii) exposing said stimulable phosphor to an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength within the range of 450-1000 nm to release the radiation energy stored therein as light emission; and(iii) detecting the emitted light.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a zinc oxide based powder by coprecipitation with one or more additions is disclosed. The method comprises:a step for the preparation of one or more solutions by dissolving defined quantities of salts of elements that go into the composition of the powder: zinc and addition(s),a step for the preparation of a buffer solution pre-saturated by the said elements, the said buffer solution possessing a pH which is defined so as to cause the precipitation of the hydroxylated compounds of elements corresponding to the elements saturating the buffer solution,a step during which the solutions are added to the said buffer solution, the drop in the pH being compensated for by the addition of a base and the volume of the buffer solution being kept constant by drawing off excess liquid,a step during which the precipitate obtained is treated to obtain the said powder.

Abstract: Certain yttrium orthosillicate phosphors doped with various rare-earths are particularly suitable for use in various display devices including cathode ray tubes. Included are single crystal phosphors which exhibit high brightness and long life under high energy excitation and conventional powder phosphors with great sensitivity.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reproducibly producing manganese activated zinc silicate phosphor particles, which comprises dry blending a mixture of components consisting essentially of zinc oxide, silicic acid, a source of manganese, ammonium chloride, ammonium fluoride, tungstic oxide, and silica, wherein the Zu+Mn/Si mole ratio is from about 1.95 to about 2.02, wherein the silica is colloidal and has a surface area of from about 50 to about 410 m.sup.2 per gram, and wherein the colloidal silica makes up from about 0.01% to about 1.0% by weight of the mixture, and firing the resulting dry blend of components in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature of from about 1200.degree. C. to about 1300.degree. C. for a sufficient time to produce the phosphor wherein the phosphor exhibits reproducible brightness.

Abstract: A radiation detector containing as a scintillator a combination of two or more single crystals of cerium doped gadolinium silicate having different Ce concentrations, or a single crystal of cerium doped gadolinium silicate having different Ce concentrations therein, is improved in a spatial resolution and a time resolution.

Abstract: A divalent europium activated complex halide phosphor having the formula (I):M.sup.II X.sub.2.aM.sup.I X':xEu.sup.2+ (I)in which M.sup.II is at least one alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr and Ca; M.sup.I is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Rb and Cs; each of X and X' is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I; and a and x are numbers satisfying the conditions of 0.1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.20.0 and 0<x<0.2, respectively. A process for the preparation of said phosphor, a radiation image recording and reproducing method utilizing said phosphor, and a radiation image storage panel employing said phosphor are also disclosed.

Abstract: A radiation image storage panel for obtaining a radiation image of an object by causing said panel to absorb a radiation transmitted through said object and then exposing the panel to light of wavelength ranging from 450 to 800 nm to cause the panel to release radiation energy stored therein as fluorescent light, said panel having a fluorescent layer of a rare earth element activated complex halide stimulable phosphor represented by the formulaBaF.sub.2.aBaX.sub.2.bMe.sup.I F.cMe.sup.II F.sub.2.dMe.sup.III F.sub.3 :eLnwherein X is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine, Me.sup.I is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of lithium and sodium, Me.sup.II is at least one divalent metal selected from the group consisting of beryllium, calcium and strontium, Me.sup.

Abstract: A terbium activated gadolinium oxysulfide phosphor having a green/blue emission ratio of from about 0.7 to about 2.0 is disclosed. A process is disclosed for producing this phosphor which comprises forming a uniform mixture of gadolinium oxide, sulfur, alkali carbonate, alkali phosphate, terbium oxide, wherein the terbium oxide is provided in an amount sufficient to result in a terbium concentration of from about 0.25% to about 0.9% by weight, and a zinc compound wherein the zinc compound is provided in an amount sufficient to result in a zinc concentration of from about 0.05% to about 1.0% by weight, the zinc concentration and the terbium concentration resulting in the above ratio, the ratio increasing as the zinc concentration increases and as the terbium concentration increases, heating the mixture in an atmosphere in a covered vessel at a temperature of from about 900.degree. C. to about 1400.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a platelike magnetic powder made from a magnetic powder having particles each of which has a portion comprising the spinel type crystal structure and a portion comprising the magnetoplumbite type crystal structure. The magnetic powder provides a large saturation magnetization .sigma.s and a small temperature change .DELTA.Hc/.DELTA.T of coercive force in the vicinity of the room temperature. Further, the present invention is to provide a high density magnetic recording medium which uses the magnetic powder. Furthermore, the present invention is to provide, a method to easily manufacture the magnetic powder by the coprecipitation method. A raw material powder of superfine particles is prepared. The prepared powder is fired at a low temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: X-ray phosphor consisting essentially ofGd.sub.1-X BO.sub.3 :Ce.sub.Xwherein X is 0.001 to 0.09 and process of preparation wherein reactant sources of gadolinium, boron and cerium, e.g., oxides, and flux, e.g., mixture of alkali metal halide and tetraborate, mixture of alkali metal sulfates, are mixed and fired at a temperature in excess of that required to melt the flux, leaching out the flux with water and drying to obtain substantially spherical particles, 0.5 to 20 .mu.m in average diameter. The X-ray phosphor is useful in an X-ray screen which is used in combination with a silver halide, e.g., silver bromide emulsion.

Abstract: Piezoelectric ceramic materials comprising a ternary fundamental solid solution of 0.5 to 5.0 mol % of Pb(Y.sub.1/2 Nb.sub.1/2)O.sub.3, 40.0 to 50.0 mol % of PbTiO.sub.3, and 45.0 to 59.5 mol % of PbZrO.sub.3 are described. In the ceramic materials, part of Pb in the solid solution is substituted with 5.0 to 15.0 mol % of Sr, and at least one member selected from the group consisting of Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, WO.sub.3, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, TaO.sub.3, Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3, Tb.sub.4 O.sub.7, NdO and Pr.sub.6 O.sub.11 is further contained in the solid solution in an amount of 0.1 to 2.0 wt % of the solid solution.

Abstract: A low loss oxide magnetic material having low magnetic loss characteristic and being usable as the deflection yoke core for high speed scanning cathode ray tube, etc., which consists essentially of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, MgO, ZnO and MnO as the principal constituents; and Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 and CuO as the auxiliary constituents.

Abstract: A divalent europium activated alkaline earth metal halide phosphor having the formula (I):M.sup.II X.sub.2 .multidot.aM.sup.II X'.sub.2 .multidot.bA:xEu.sup.2+(I)in which M.sup.II is at least one alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr and Ca; each of X and X' is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I, and X.noteq.X'; A is at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of SiO.sub.2 and P.sub.2 O.sub.5 ; and a, b and x are numbers satisfying the conditions of 0.1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.10.0, 10.sup.-4 .ltoreq.b.ltoreq.2.times.10.sup.-1 and 0<x.ltoreq.0.2, respectively. A radiation image recording and reproducing method utilizing said phosphor and a radiation image storage panel employing said phosphor are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for producing a perovskite-type oxide of the ABO.sub.3 type is disclosed. A solution of an element A (Pb, Ca, Sr and/or La) and an element B (Ti and/or Zr) is brought into contact with oxalic acid in the presence of an alcohol to precipitate oxalic acid salts; the acid radicals in the solution are neutralized with an amine or ammonia; the resulting precipitate is then subjected to calcination.A fine-grained ferroelectric oxide having a sharp grain size distribution can be produced, with its chemcial composition being exactly controlled. This oxide is suitable for use as a piezoelectric, pyroelectric or ferroelectric material.

Abstract: A divalent europium activated alkaline earth metal complex halide phosphor having the formula (I):M.sup.II X.sub.2.aM.sup.II X'.sub.2.bM.sup.I X":xEu.sup.2+ (I)in which M.sup.II is at least one alkaline earth metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, Sr and Ca; M.sup.I is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Li and Na; each of X and X' is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br and I, and X.noteq.X'; X" is at least one halogen selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; and a, b and x are numbers satisfying the conditions of 0.1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.10.0, 0<b.ltoreq.2.times.10.sup.-1 and 0<x.ltoreq.0.2, respectively. A process for the preparation of said phosphor is also disclosed.