Abstract: A process for treating a feedstock is provided. The feedstock comprises a mineral and/or a metal oxide/silicate derived from or associated with a mineral. The process comprises treating the feedstock by reacting, in a reaction step, the mineral and/or the metal oxide/silicate derived from or associated with a mineral, with an ammonium acid fluoride having the generic formula NH4F.xHF, wherein 1<x?5. An ammonium fluorometallate compound is produced as a reaction product.

Abstract: Mixtures of different polyolefins may be made by direct, preferably simultaneous, polymerization of one or more polymerizable olefins using two or more transition metal containing active polymerization catalyst systems, at least one of which contains cobalt or iron complexed with selected ligands. The polyolefin products may have polymers that vary in molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, crystallinity, or other factors, and are useful as molding resins and for films.

Abstract: A non-toxic primer mix in which DBX-1 (copper(I) 5-nitrotetrazole) acts as the primary explosive portion of the primer. Furthermore, in this mix, boron carbide (B4C) replaces the traditional frictionator/fuel, toxic antimony trisulfide. In addition, potassium nitrate replaces the toxic barium nitrate (BaNO3)2) as the oxidizer, providing an ignition flame from the primer in a pyrotechnic reaction. The non-toxic primer therefore embodies a lead-free, barium-free, antimony-free explosive material that can include added fuels, sensitizers, explosives and/or binders.

Abstract: An Oxygen Ion Conductor (OIC)/Oxygen Storage (OS) material is disclosed, more particularly an OIC/OS having a stable cubic crystal structure, related to a method for the promotion of the catalytic properties of OIC/OS by the post-synthetic introduction of non-precious metals via a basic (alkaline) exchange process and the application of said materials to control of vehicle exhaust emissions.

Abstract: Polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) and methods of manufacturing such PDCs. In an embodiment, the PDC includes a polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) table having at least a portion of a metal-solvent catalyst removed therefrom. Removing at least a portion of a metal-solvent catalyst from the PCD table may increase the porosity of the PCD table relative to a PCD table that has not been treated to remove the metal-solvent catalyst. Likewise, removing at least a portion of a metal-solvent catalyst from the PCD table may decrease the specific magnetic saturation and increase the coercivity of the PCD table relative to a PCD table that has not been treated to remove the metal-solvent catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a diamond tool comprising a tool body (1, 2, 3) provided with diamond segments (4) manufactured by sintering and each segment comprising at least one diamond part (5) and a base part (6), or base (6), which base (6) is fixed to the tool body (1, 2, 3), so that the diamond part protrudes from a cutting edge (10) of the tool body in a protruding direction. More specifically a number of notches (7) are arranged to cross through the cutting edge (10) in a lateral direction compared to the protruding direction, and at least one, and preferably all, of the diamond segments (4) are fixed to the tool body (1, 2, 3) through attachment of the base (6) of the diamond segment to at least one notch (7) by fixing methods comprising a base deforming force applied in a lateral direction to the base (6), compared to the protruding direction.

Abstract: A process that allows convenient production of multifunctional composite particles by direct self-assembly of hydrophobic nanoparticles on host nanostructures containing high density surface thiol groups is present. Hydrophobic nanoparticles of various compositions and combinations can be directly assembled onto the host surface through the strong coordination interactions between metal cations and thiol groups. The resulting structures can be further conveniently overcoated with a layer of normal silica to stabilize the assemblies and render them highly dispersible in water for biomedical applications. As the entire fabrication process does not involve complicated surface modification procedures, the hydrophobic ligands on the nanoparticles are not disturbed significantly so that they retain their original properties such as highly efficient luminescence.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel bimetallic and trimetallic catalysts, their manufacture and use in both steam reforming and oxidative steam reforming of liquid fuels such as jet fuels, diesel fuels and gasoline to produce synthesis gas and/or hydrogen for fuel cell applications. The invention further relates to manufacture of synthesis gas and/or hydrogen gas for chemicals synthesis and fuel processing. The catalysts have high sulfur tolerance and carbon resistance when used in steam reforming and/or oxidative steam reforming of heavy hydrocarbon fuels.

Abstract: A catalyst free method of igniting an ionic liquid is provided. The method can include mixing a liquid hypergol with a HAN-based ionic liquid to ignite the HAN-based ionic liquid in the absence of a catalyst. The HAN-based ionic liquid and the liquid hypergol can be injected into a combustion chamber. The HAN-based ionic liquid and the liquid hypergol can impinge upon a stagnation plate positioned at top portion of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A process for removing mercury from a gas or liquid phase, wherein the gas or liquid phase containing mercury is placed in contact with a composition comprising a precipitated metal sulfide. The precipitated metal sulfide may be made by the process of combining a metal source, sulfide source, and modifier to form the precipitated metal sulfide. The metal source may comprise iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, or gold salts. The metal salt may be selected from metal nitrate, metal sulfate, metal phosphate, metal acetate, metal carbonate, metal hydroxide, metal ammonium carbonate, and metal hydroxycarbonate. The sulfide source is selected from hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), salts of sulfide (S2-), salts of hydrosulfide (HS—), and salts of polysulfide (Sn2-). The modifier may be selected from alumina, silica, aluminosilicate, clay, zeolites, carbon, cement, titania, zirconia.

Abstract: Catalysts which include nanoparticles of palladium metal and cellulose derivatives are used in electroless metal plating. The palladium catalysts are free of tin.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to methods of fabricating a polycrystalline diamond compacts and applications for such polycrystalline diamond compacts. In an embodiment, a method of fabricating a polycrystalline diamond compact includes at least saturating a sintering aid material with non-diamond carbon to form a carbon-saturated sintering aid material and sintering a plurality of diamond particles in the presence of the carbon-saturated sintering aid particles to form a polycrystalline diamond table.

Abstract: The present application discloses a variety of improvements that enhance at least one of the mechanical, chemical/energetic, ballistic, or adhesive properties, of a class of ECPs, regardless of whether said ECPs are in solid phase or gels, singly or in combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a mixture for producing chlorine dioxide gas provided in an enclosure comprising an impregnate comprising a chlorine dioxide precursor impregnated in a porous carrier and a proton-generating species, wherein the impregnate and proton-generating species are intermixed to produce a stable mixture and the mixture is provided in an enclosure. The present disclosure also relates to methods for producing chlorine dioxide gas.

Abstract: A ceria-zirconia base composite oxide contains a composite oxide of ceria and zirconia. In the ceria-zirconia base composite oxide, a content ratio between cerium and zirconium in the composite oxide is in a range from 43:57 to 48:52 in terms of molar ratio ([cerium]:[zirconium]). An intensity ratio of a diffraction line at 2?=14.5° to a diffraction line at 2?=29° {I(14/29) value} and an intensity ratio of a diffraction line at 2?=28.5° to the diffraction line at 2?=29° {I(28/29) value}, which are calculated from an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by an X-ray diffraction measurement using CuKa after heating under a temperature condition of 1100° C. in air for 5 hours, respectively satisfy the following conditions: I(14/29) value?0.015, and I(28/29) value?0.08.

Abstract: A catalyst having superior heat resistance and being capable of efficiently removing a nitrogen oxide, a removing method using the same, an apparatus including the catalyst described above, and the like are provided. A complex metal oxide containing tungsten, zirconium, and cerium has superior heat resistance and is capable of efficiently removing a nitrogen oxide in the presence of ammonia, the content of cerium oxide and the content of tungsten oxide being 10 to 30 percent by weight and 5 to 14 percent by weight, respectively. Hence, a catalyst which includes a complex metal oxide containing tungsten oxide, zirconium oxide, and cerium oxide, in which the content of the cerium oxide and the content of the tungsten oxide are 10 to 30 percent by weight and 5 to 14 percent by weight, respectively, is effectively used to remove a nitrogen oxide.

Abstract: An illumination composition comprising at least one oxidizer, at least one of a fuel and a binder, and at least one combustion rate modifier. The at least one oxidizer is selected from the group consisting of a potassium-containing oxidizer and a rubidium-containing oxidizer, the at least one oxidizer present in the illumination composition at from about 50 wt % to about 70 wt % and comprising particles each independently having a size within a range of from about 25 ?m to about 325 ?m. Additional illumination compositions, illumination flares, and methods of illuminating a target are also disclosed.

Abstract: An arrangement for manufacturing a crystal of the melt of a raw material comprises: a furnace having a heating device with one or more heating elements, which are configured to generate a gradient temperature field directed along a first direction, a plurality of crucibles for receiving the melt, which are arranged within the gradient temperature field side by side, and a device for homogenizing the temperature field within a plane perpendicular to the first direction in the at least two crucibles. The arrangement further has a filling material inserted within a space between the crucibles wherein the filling shows an anisotropic heat conductivity. Additionally or alternatively, the arrangement may comprise a device for generating magnetic migration fields, both the filling material having the anisotropic heat conductivity and the device for generating magnetic migration fields being suited to compensate or prevent the formation of asymmetric phase interfaces upon freezing of the raw melt.

Abstract: The present invention also relates to a structure of energetic materials and the method for preparing thereof. The structure comprises a first layer forming on a substrate, a second layer covering the first layer, and a third layer encapsulating the second layer, wherein the first layer comprises at least one metal oxide, the second layer comprises at least one fuel material, and the third layer comprises at least one hydrophobic material so that the layered structure is substantially waterproof.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to methods of cleaning a leaching agent and/or leaching agent by-products from an at least partially leached polycrystalline diamond body, and methods of making a polycrystalline diamond compact using the same.