Abstract: A zoom lens having a plurality of lens units at least one of which includes a variable refractive index element for zooming and focusing purpose. The refractive index of the variable refractive index element of the zoom lens is varied by an output from an auto-focus detection device.

Abstract: The effect of the glasses of this invention is estimated and is summarized as follows:(1) The effect of reducing the consciousness of eye fatigue is seen.(2) There is a tendency that the mental subjective symptoms are reduced.(3) Because the sense of fatigue is reduced, concentration becomes easier and it is presumed that it is helpful in preventing irritation and weariness.Since fatigue differs depending on the length of working time, it seems to be necessary to take into consideration the effect due to other fatigue than eye fatigue and the effect of motivation. It seems also necessary to investigate under different conditions the latent fatigue which has not been covered in this report.

Abstract: A wide-angle close-focus zoom lens for a single lens reflex camera, said lens having no more than a total of three independent movable lens element units or sub-units. The lens can have as few as eight lens elements without requiring any aspheric lens element surfaces.

Abstract: A process for forming electrically conductive circuitry on a metallic nonconductive substrate or insulating layer which includes the steps of providing a nonconductive ceramic substrate having a metallic component and which can dissociate into its constituent components to provide dissociated metal bonded to the ceramic substrate upon application of laser energy. Laser energy in then applied to predetermined areas of the surface of the nonconductive ceramic substrate to provide dissociated metallic conductors in the predetermined areas. The disclosed process further includes the formation of metallized through holes by application of laser energy to the nonconductive ceramic substrate to form a through hole, whereby dissociated metal in formed on the inside of the through hole. The disclosed process also includes the capability to down trim a thick film or thin film resistor which is conductively coupled between two areas of metallization.

Abstract: An objective lens driving device comprises a holding member for holding an objective lens, an intermediate support member spaced apart from the optic axis of the objective lens and constructed for rotation about a rotary support axis parallel to the optic axis, a parallel plate spring having one end thereof secured to the holding member and the other end thereof secured to the intermediate support member, the parallel plate spring supporting the holding member for movement only in the direction of the optic axis of the objective lens relative to the intermediate support member, and driving means for driving the holding member in the direction of the optic axis of the objective lens and a direction perpendicular to the optic axis.

Abstract: A slit apparatus has a rotatable base plate and a rotatable cam driving plate which are rotated about the same axis of rotation, but independently. The base plate is provided with slit blades for forming a slit therebetween. The slit blades are rotated together with the base plate and therefore the direction of the slit is changed. The cam driving plate is provided with a cam plate for changing slit width. The slit width is changed by rotation of the cam driving plate. A slit direction adjusting knob for driving the base plate is arranged to be coaxial with a slit width adjusting knob for driving the cam driving plate.

Abstract: A wedge-shaped body (35) having profiled surfaces (37, 39) facing first and second elements is interposed between the first and second elements. The surfaces have first surface portions (37A, 39A) against which the elements abut and second surface portions (37B, 39B) which together with the elements define gaps (61) in which adhesive is applied to join the elements and the second surface portions.

Abstract: A vari-focal lens system comprising a first lens group having a positive focal length, a second lens group having a negative focal length, a third lens group having a positive focal length, and a fourth lens group having a positive focal length in the order from the object side and arranged that the first and third lens groups are always kept fixed, the second lens group is arranged to be movable when varying the focal length of the lens system as a whole and to be kept fixed at the time of focusing, the fourth lens group is arranged to be movable for the purpose of compensating the displacement of the focal point which occurs when varying the focal length of the lens system as a whole and to be movable also for the purpose of focusing, and the rays coming out from the third lens group becomes approximately afocal, the vari-focal lens system being further arranged that the lens group to be moved for focusing is light in weight and, moreover, arranged to have a large aperture ratio, high vari-focal ratio and h

Abstract: The driving units (AX,AY) comprise each an electric motor (14) which by means of a mechanical transmission (16,15,17,18,21,20) drives a rack (13) arranged substantially at right angles with the mirror holder (1), which is articulatingly connected thereto (at 113) and is guided in the housing (3) for the mirror holder (1). A control device (25) is provided which allows to move the mirror holder (1) into the required position by having it angularly moved by means of the two electric motors (14) around the one and/or the other pivot axis (X--X, Y--Y), and which also allows to store one or more positions of the mirror holder (1) and to have the same automatically moved into one or the other of these stored positions by means of a selecting respective control and with the aid of detectors (24) of the angular position of the mirror holder (1) around each one of the two pivot axes (X--X, Y--Y).

Abstract: The invention provides a light beam scanning device in which an f-.theta. lens system is constituted by two single lenses, a cylindrical lens having a refractive power in only a deflection plane is located at the side of a deflective reflecting surface, and a toric lens including a surface having a negative refractive index at the side of the deflective reflecting surface and including a surface having a positive refractive power at the side of a surface to be scanned in a sectional plane perpendicular to the deflection plane is located at the output side of the cylindrical lens, thereby realizing scanning at a constant speed of an image-forming beam while preventing pitch variations in the beam and image surface curvature thereof on the surface to be scanned. More particularly, the invention provides a light beam scanning device in which a plastic lens can be used as the cylindrical lens.

Abstract: An improved high-performance zoom lens system for a compact camera is disclosed. The lens employs a two-group type configuration composed of a first lens group having a positive focal length inclusive of a stop diaphragm and a second lens group having a negative focal length. To reduce the diameters of the lenses in the rear group, the back focus of the overall lens system is made greater than a predetermined value, while yet the overall lens system remains relatively short.

Abstract: A way of mounting a side view mirror onto a motor vehicle of the type having a folding down front windshield is disclosed, employing the hinge which otherwise joins the windshield unit onto the vehicle body. By aligning holes in the end of the side view mirror unit with the holes already present in the hinge, the mounting means which removably join the windshield unit onto the motor vehicle function simultaneously to removably join the mirror unit onto the motor vehicle, so that additional mounting means are omitted.

Abstract: A fiber optic focusing device allows fine adjustment of the focal point along the optical axis without causing tilting of the focusing lens system. Roughly perpendicular setscrews engaging opposing inclined surface urge the lens system along the optical axis.

Abstract: An optical device comprising a monocular assembly including an objective lens to be located remote from the viewer's eye for viewing a scene, and a cathode ray tube and prism assembly for injecting additional information into the viewed scene. The prism assembly is adjacent to and aligned with the objective lens and comprises a pair of transparent prisms having confronting inclined surfaces joined together at their inclined surfaces, and a reflector sandwiched between the joined inclined surfaces and having a surface area which is from 0.5% to 5.0% of the surface area of the objective lens.

Abstract: A partially color corrected projection lens having three groups comprising from the image end a first group serving to correct aberrations, a second group supplying essentially all of the positive power of the lens and a third negative group where the second group comprises two positive elements with a negative element therebetween.

Abstract: A sunshade for attachment to the end of a rifle scope or receiver for blocking the sun's direct rays or light from other sources from entering a shooter's eye when the shooter is aiming at a target in the general direction of the sun or source of light. The sunshade is adapted to surround the rear eyepiece of the rifle scope or be placed proximate the rear sight of a rifle and employs a shield to protect against direct light from the luminous source entering into the shooter's eyes. The shield, taking generally the shape of a semi-circle, is made from most any material, hard or flexible, and is supported in place by means of internal reinforcements which attach to a clamp or other structural mechanism adapted to reside around the scope rear eyepiece or attached to the rifle receiver. For bolt action rifles, the shield is made of flexible meterial in order that the bolt of the rifle may be drawn past the shield by the shield flexing out of the way.

Abstract: A method and improved apparatus for aligning a diffraction grating, as, for example, one used in tuning the output of a laser. The total angular misalignment .epsilon. between the incident and diffracted beams is a function of three angles: the tuning angle .theta.16, the angle of tilt .beta. between the plane of the grating 15 and the tuning rotational axis, and the angle .alpha. between the grating lines and the projection of the turning rotational axis in the plane of the grating 15. The present invention provides a method of aligning the diffraction grating so that the residual alignment error is very small over the desired range of tuning angle .theta. 16, by adjusting only .alpha. or only .beta. to zero at two reference tuning angles .theta..sub.0 and .theta..sub.1. Knowledge of the value of either .alpha. or .beta. is not necessary. For a CO.sub.2 laser tuned over the wavelength range 9.11 to 10.88 .mu.

Abstract: A zoom lens including a first lens unit of positive power and a second lens unit of negative power with the axial separation therebetween varies to bring about zooming. The first lens unit includes at least one positive lens and at least one negative lens and the second lens unit consists of a forwardly concave negative meniscus lens, thereby making the lens system small.

Abstract: A telephoto zoom lens system comprising a first lens group having positive refractive power, a second lens group having negative refractive power, and a third lens group comprising a front subgroup, which has positive refractive power, and a rear subgroup, the telephoto zoom lens system being arranged that the focal length thereof is varied by moving the first, second and third lens groups along the optical axis in the state that the varifocal functions is alloted to the second and third lens groups so that the magnifications of both of them increase at that time, the telephoto zoom lens system being thereby arranged to be small in size, high-performanced and low cost.

Abstract: An objective for endoscopes with a lateral objective lens comprises an elongated prism having a convex proximal end surface and a distal end on which are joined by cementing after alignment on an optical axis, a diaphragm, a negative lens and optionally a wedge-shaped support, to form an indissoluble unit. The lens, the diaphragm and the support if present are provided with sections protruding radially beyond a desired periphery of the objective, which sections are ground off together to the dimension of the prism circumference, so that a rod-shaped objective unit is formed.