Abstract: An antioxidant substance which is a green leaf component in a green plant, comprising a component which is substantially insoluble in n-hexane but soluble in an aqueous ethanol solution having a water content of 0 to 80% by volume. The substance has an antioxidant activity as potent as or more potent than .alpha.-tocopherol, and is useful as an antioxidant for use in the field of foods, and medicines. Particularly, the antioxidant substance can be used for maintaining the freshness and quality of foods or storage thereof. The substance can be blended with cosmetics for skin and hair and are useful for the prevention of spots, freckles, chapping and sunburn.

Abstract: A solvent-free method for synthesizing an ethereally-substituted, blocked monosaccharide comprising the steps of:1) mixing, in the absence of solvent, a partially blocked monosaccharide unblocked at one position, an alkyl halide or a substituted alkyl halide, and an anhydrous alkali base;2) heating the mixture to a temperature sufficient to allow the mixture to react;3) maintaining the mixture at a suitable temperature for a time sufficient to form an ethereally-substituted blocked monosaccharide and drive off any water produced;4) removing any unreacted alkyl halide or substituted alkyl halide from the mixture;5) recovering the ethereally-substituted blocked monosaccharide product from the mixture; and, optionally,6) selectively hydrolyzing the ethereally-substituted blocked monosaccharide product to remove one or more of the acetal blocking groups.

Abstract: A new antitumor antibiotic designated BMY-41219 is produced by fermentation of Saccharothrix aerocolonigenes ATCC 39243. The BMY-41219 antibiotic exhibits antitumor activity.

Abstract: A process for purifying DNA comprising 1) binding the DNA to a hydrated silica in the presence of water or physiological buffers in which the hydrated silica is prepared by refluxing silicon dioxide in sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide at a molar ratio of about 2:1 to 10:1 for at least about 48 hours, 2) separating and washing hydrated silica and the DNA bound thereto, and eluting the DNA from the hydrated silica in a heated physiological buffer or in heated water.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of a new N-acetylated Heparin derivative is disclosed which includes a reaction of a N-desulfated Heparin with acetic anhydride. The new compound so obtained and pharmaceutical compositions containing it, exhibit antithrombotic and fibrinolytic properties with low anticoagulant activity.

Abstract: An antioxidant substance which is a green leaf component in a green plant, comprising a component which is substantially insoluble in n-hexane but soluble in an aqueous ethanol solution having a water content of 0 to 80% by volume. The substance has an antioxidant activity as potent as or more potent than .alpha.-tocopherol, and is useful as an antioxidant for use in the field of foods, and medicines. Particularly, the antioxidant substance can be used for maintaining the freshness and quality of foods or storage thereof. The substance can be blended with cosmetics for skin and hair and are useful for the prevention of spots, freckles, chapping and sunburning.

Abstract: A process for the production of hydroxocobalamin that eliminates cyanocobalamin as an intermediate. Co-enzyme-type vitamin B.sub.12 is first absorbed to a divinylbenzene/styrene resin which is washed with warm water and then eluted with a solution containing at least 25% of a lower alcohol. The eluate is then irradiated with a light that causes the conversion of coenzyme-type vitamin B.sub.12 to hydroxocobalamin. Finally, the solution of hydroxocobalamin is treated with alumina or silica which binds the impurities leaving behind the highly purified hydroxocobalamin in the flow-through.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel pradimicin compounds which possess antifungal activity and, preferably, improved water solubility. The compounds of the invention are prepared by modifying the 4'-amino or 4'-alkylamino moieties of known pradimicin compounds.

Abstract: A solid phase substrate which yields soluble labeled products upon hydrolysis by a glycosaminoglycan endoglycosidase and methods of producing said substrate are comprised in the present invention. The solid phase substrate comprises glycosaminoglycan bearing labeled substances bound to amino groups. The labeled glycosaminoglycan substrate is reductively aminated at its reducing terminal end to produce an amine-terminus. The substrate is further coupled to an amino-reactive solid matrix through its amine-terminus.

Abstract: Novel phosphorylating reagents are provided which are useful in DNA synthesis and purification procedures. The reagents are substituted phosphines which are particularly useful in the phosphorylation of nucleoside and solid supported oligonucleotides at the 5'-hydroxyl position. Phosphorylation using these reagents is easily and accurately monitored colorimetrically.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to total and partial esters of gellan in which the esterifying alcohol component is derived from aliphatic, araliphatic, cycloaliphatic or heterocyclic alcohols, and salts of said partial esters with inorganic or organic bases, and compositions containing the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-deacetyl-lysogangliosides and physiologically acceptable salts thereof, especially those of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents --CH.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2)nCH.sub.3 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2)nCH.sub.3 ;n is 12 or 14;R.sup.1 represents ##STR2## or hydrogen; and R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or acetyl; for use in therapy.The compounds are useful as inhibitors of phospholipases A.sub.2, and of superoxide production, as antiproliferative and immunosuppressant agents and in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The invention also relates to the use of N-deacetyl-lysogangliosides for the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of the aforementioned conditions.

Abstract: A transparent and stable aqueous solution of a substrate for a determination of lipase, comprising triglyceride uniformly solubilized therein, a method for determination of lipase activity in a sample, employing the aqueous solution, and a process for the manufacture of a lyophilized product capable of forming the aqueous solution are disclosed. A process for the manufacture of a transparent and stable aqueous solution of triglyceride is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for purifying DNA in which the DNA is bound to silicon tetrahydrazide in the presence of less than 2M chaotrope, low salt buffers, or water. The DNA is then eluted with low salt buffer or by heating in water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to intermediates, pradimic acids and pradimic acid amides of the formula (II) ##STR1## wherein R is OH or NH.sub.2 ; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a group of the formula ##STR2## with the proviso that when R is OH, R.sup.1 is not hydrogen; Y is OH or NR.sup.2 R.sup.3 ; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-5 alkyl, or an amino protecting group; R.sup.4 is hydrogen, hydroxy protecting group, or .beta.-D-xylosyl. The invention relates also to novel processes for the preparation of pradimic acids and pradimic acid amides, as well as novel pradimicin derivatives prepared therefrom.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is the administration of a substance which contains, as active principle, an adenosine substituted on N.sup.6 of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents hydrogen or ##STR2## for the treatment of hyperlipemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia.

Abstract: A phytohormone for inducing root hair curling and root nodulation in the roots of leguminous plants particularly in the absence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The phytohormone comprises a pentasaccharide having a fatty acid condensed on the non-reducing end. A method for treating the roots of leguminous plants for inducing root hair curling and root nodulation is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds consisting of a plurality of nucleosides which are covalently linked by at least one aminoalkylphosphoramidate linkage of the formula ##STR1## wherein n=2 to 6 and Nu.sub.1 and Nu.sub.2 represent nucleoside phosphates.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions in the form of stable sucralfate suspensions free of suspending agents, wherein the sucralfate is present in the form of a gel having self-suspending properties and is suspended in an aqueous carbohydrate solution in a quantity of between 1 and 40% of sucralfate by weight.Said gel has a surface area exceeding 200 m.sup.2 /g and is prepared by dissolving powdered sucralfate in an HCl solution and then precipitating it with an NaOH solution added to a pH of between 4 and 4.5.

Abstract: A method for purifying human antithrombin III in an alcoholic solution at low temperature using bound heparin is provided.