Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus relating to operating an internal combustion engine include steps or features for determining a performance threshold of a particulate filter disposed in an exhaust gas flow of the engine having a set time interval between regeneration events of the particulate filter; determining a rate at which the particulate filter is reaching the performance threshold; and controlling an exhaust gas characteristic to control the rate so that the performance threshold is reached at or just before an end of the time interval. In an embodiment, there are steps or features for interpreting a filter condition of the particulate filter; determining a particulate matter load rate of the filter as a function of the condition; determining a limit of an exhaust gas characteristic based on the load rate; and controlling engine operation to control the exhaust gas characteristic to satisfy the limit.

Abstract: Valve device, in particular for an exhaust gas section of an internal combustion engine, includes a valve housing with an inlet and outlet, a valve seat arranged between the inlet and outlet and having a valve opening, closeable by a valve closing member pressed against the valve seat by a predetermined force, and a diaphragm acting on the valve closing member. A first control chamber is separated from a second control chamber by the diaphragm so that the valve is switched by a pressure difference between the first control chamber and second control chamber. For reliable opening even under adverse operating conditions, the diaphragm is connected to the valve closing member, at least over a partial range of a possible stroke of the valve closing member, via a gear mechanism to translate movement of the diaphragm into movement of the valve closing member at a lower speed.

Abstract: A vehicle tank for receiving a liquid medium, encompassing: a tank body having a tank wall; a heat exchanger arranged in an interior of the tank body, the heat exchanger having a first heat-exchanger heat delivery surface that faces toward the tank wall and is spaced away from the tank wall; and an electric heating apparatus that is arranged in the interior of the tank body, the electric heating apparatus being arranged between the first heat-exchanger heat delivery surface and the tank wall.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for an engine of a vehicle. In one example, a method includes activating a heater in response to an engine start request when a catalyst temperature is less than a threshold temperature.

Abstract: An energy recovery converter for exhaust gases or waste heat is provided. The converter includes a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), an exhaust gas having a first molecular oxygen content, and an external electrical load. The MEA includes a first electrode, a second electrode and an oxygen ion conductive membrane sandwiched between the first and second electrodes. Each of the first and second electrodes includes at least one oxidation catalyst configured to promote an electrochemical reaction. The second electrode of the MEA is exposed to the exhaust gas and the first electrode of the MEA is exposed to a gas having a second molecular oxygen content. The second molecular oxygen content is higher than the first molecular oxygen content. The external electrical load is connected between the first and second electrodes of the MEA.

Abstract: An abnormality detection apparatus calculates an accomplishment ratio parameter based on an actually supplied electrical energy defined as the integrated value of electrical power actually supplied to the electrically heated catalyst over a specific period from the start of supply of electrical power to the electrically heated catalyst to a specific time and a target electrical energy defined as the integrated value of target electrical power over the specific period. The accomplishment ratio parameter is a parameter relating to the ratio of the actually supplied electrical energy to the target electrical energy. The abnormality detection apparatus detects an abnormality of the electrically heated catalyst on the basis of the accomplishment ratio. The specific time is a time after the start of supply of electrical power to the electrically heated catalyst and before or simultaneous with the time when the actually supplied electrical power substantially reaches the target electrical power.

Abstract: A saddle riding vehicle includes a body frame, an exhaust pipe, a muffler, and a catalyst. The body frame includes a main frame, a seat frame that extends rearward from the main frame and supports a seat for occupant, and a rear frame that extends from the main frame upward to a rear and is connected to the seat frame. The exhaust pipe extends rearward of the vehicle from an exhaust port of an engine. The muffler is connected to a rear end portion of the exhaust pipe. The catalyst is disposed in the muffler. An air cleaner box is disposed rearward of the engine. The catalyst disposed in the muffler is disposed in a space surrounded by the main frame, the seat frame, and the rear frame and overlaps with the air cleaner box as viewed in a side view of the vehicle.

Abstract: A heat exchanging device uses a shell and tube structure whereby a portion of a diesel fuel line with or without a portion of a diesel exhaust fluid line, is placed in heat-exchanging relationship with a portion of the shell. Hot fluid flowing through the shell in a vortex-like fashion heats the diesel fuel line and the diesel exhaust fluid line to improve diesel fuel mileage and diesel exhaust efficiency.

Abstract: A dosing lance assembly for an exhaust component includes: a housing comprising: a plate having a first channel, an endcap having a second channel, and a pipe having a first end coupled to the plate and a second end coupled to the endcap, wherein at least a portion of the pipe is airfoil-shaped; and a delivery conduit having a first end coupled to the plate and a second end coupled to the endcap, such that reductant is flowable from the first channel to the second channel.

Abstract: There is provided a muffler structure of a saddle-type vehicle. The muffler structure is disposed at a downstream side of an exhaust pipe extending from an exhaust port of a cylinder head. A pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe and inserted into a muffler main body. The pipe is provided with an expansion chamber having an inner diameter that is larger than an inner diameter of the exhaust pipe. At least a part of the expansion chamber is disposed in the muffler main body, and a plurality of through holes are formed on an outer peripheral surface of the expansion chamber disposed in the muffler main body.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying device for an internal combustion engine includes: an electrically heated catalyst (EHC) including an insulating member; an insulation resistance detector; and a processor. The processor is configured to: acquire an insulation resistance value of the insulating member using the insulation resistance detector each time a trip of the vehicle starts; and execute diagnostic processing to diagnose the state of the EHC when the acquired insulation resistance value is equal to or less than a reference value. In the diagnostic processing, the processor is configured to determine whether or not there is an insulation abnormality of the EHC, based on an index value indicating the degree of decrease in an insulation resistance value of the insulating member of the current trip with respect to an insulation resistance value of the insulating member of one or more past trips including the last trip.

Abstract: Exhaust gas is treated onboard a vehicle. Solar energy is converted into electricity, which is used to power an electrochemical cell mounted onboard the vehicle. Oxygen and hydrogen are produced by the electrochemical cell. Heat and the oxygen produced by the electrochemical cell are provided to a particulate matter filter onboard the vehicle, thereby oxidizing particulate matter disposed on the particulate matter filter.

Abstract: A method for desulphurising a nitrogen oxide accumulator catalytic converter of an exhaust gas system that includes the nitrogen oxide accumulator catalytic converter and at least one selective catalytic reduction catalytic converter disposed downstream of the nitrogen oxide accumulator catalytic converter, of an internal combustion engine, where a desulphurisation strategy, on the basis of which the nitrogen oxide accumulator catalytic converter is desulphurised, is adjusted to the ageing of the nitrogen oxide accumulator catalytic converter.

Abstract: A control device comprising a first exhaust temperature calculation part calculating a temperature of exhaust flowing into a PM trapping device as a first exhaust temperature, a second exhaust temperature calculation part calculating a temperature of exhaust flowing out from the PM trapping device as a second exhaust temperature, a rate of change over time calculation part calculating a rate of change over time of the first exhaust temperature and a rate of change over time of the second exhaust temperature, and a judgment part judging if the PM trapping device is in a removed state removed from the exhaust passage based on a difference between the rate of change over time of the first exhaust temperature and the rate of change over time of the second exhaust temperature.

Abstract: There is provided a method for filling a silencer with glass fiber, for filling an internal space between a case and an inner pipe with glass fiber in a silencer in which a porous inner pipe penetrates through a pair of through holes in the case, the method including shifting the inner pipe in a penetrating direction from a normal position where the inner pipe is secured to the case, inserting a nozzle auxiliary portion into an interior of the case from a through hole opened by the inner pipe being shifted, supplying glass fiber into the interior of the case from a nozzle of a glass fiber supply machine connected to the nozzle auxiliary portion, and filling the internal space between the case and the inner pipe with glass fiber.

Abstract: A muffler structure contains: a body, a first cover unit, and a second cover unit. The body includes an accommodation tube, fiber cotton, and a first mesh portion. The accommodation tube has an accommodating space and an internal fence. The first cover unit includes a manifold connection portion, a first polygonal cap, a hollowly tubular mesh having multiple orifices, a second mesh portion, and a stainless steel mesh. The second cover unit is fixed on a rear end of the accommodation tube of the body opposite to the first cover unit, and the second cover unit includes a second polygonal cap and a silencer. The second polygonal cap is covered on the accommodation tube of the body, and the second polygonal cap has a receiving portion defined in a free end thereof and configured to accommodate the silencer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ceramic body which can be designed as a catalyst support and/or particulate filter and which has a plurality of channels and a plurality of elongate metal elements for inductive heating arranged in parallel with the channels, the elongate metal elements being arranged in the walls of the ceramic body. In this way, the free frontal area of the ceramic body is preferably reduced or is at least no more than 5%. The invention also relates to a method for producing the ceramic body, an exhaust gas purification device and a vehicle.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system includes an electrochemical reactor provided in an engine exhaust passage; a bypass passage bypassing the electrochemical reactor; a flow control valve controlling an amount of exhaust gas, discharged from an engine body, flowing into the electrochemical reactor and the bypass passage; and a control device controlling the flow control valve. The electrochemical reactor includes a holding material holding NOX or HC and is configured so as to purify NOX or HC held at the holding material if energized. The control device controls the flow control valve so as to control the amount of exhaust gas flowing into the electrochemical reactor so that a temperature of the electrochemical reactor is maintained at less than a desorption start temperature where NOX or HC starts to be desorbed from the holding material.

Abstract: A process manufactures an exhaust gas treatment device including a tubular circumferential wall (14) elongated along a longitudinal axis (L) with two axial end areas, an exhaust gas treatment unit (52) arranged in the circumferential wall and a closing element (20, 38) connected to the circumferential wall at the two axial end areas. The exhaust gas treatment unit is held at the circumferential wall by a supporting material layer (54) enclosing the exhaust gas treatment unit and supporting same in relation to the circumferential wall. The process includes arranging a first of the two closing elements at one of the axial end areas of the circumferential wall, pushing the exhaust gas treatment unit enclosed by the supporting material layer into the circumferential wall from the other axial end area (18), and arranging a second of the closing elements at the other axial end area of the circumferential wall.

Abstract: An apparatus includes circuitry configured to calculate a temperature of exhaust flowing into an exhaust after-treatment system as a first exhaust temperature, calculate a temperature of exhaust flowing out from the exhaust after-treatment system as a second exhaust temperature, calculate a rate of change over time of the first exhaust temperature and a rate of change over time of the second exhaust temperature, and judge if the exhaust after-treatment system is in a removed state removed from the exhaust passage based on a difference between the rate of change over time of the first exhaust temperature and the rate of change over time of the second exhaust temperature.