Abstract: A new class of surfactants exhibits properties, which make the surfactants suitable for use in surfactant flooding for enhanced oil recovery. The surfactants have the formulaXA.sub.r ORSO.sub.3.sup.- M.sup.+ (I)where R is a hydrocarbon or hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbon group with 2-6 carbon atoms; A is an oxyalkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms; r is a number from 0-10, preferably 0-5 and most preferably 1-4; X is an hydroxyl group or hydroxyl and ether group containing hydrophobic group, which comprises 2-6, preferably 2-4 end groups containing 3-22 carbon atoms; and M is a cation, preferably a monovalent cation; or a C.sub.1-4 -alkyl ether thereof. A method for the manufacture of the surfactants are also enclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of ether-sulphonates of high purity, substantially free from extraneous salts, of the general formula IR.sup.1 --[O--(CR.sup.2 R.sup.2 R.sup.2' --CR.sup.5 R.sup.5' SO.sub.3 MIin whichR.sup.2 to R.sup.5, R.sup.2+ to R.sup.5', M, x and y are defined as given in claim 1 by reacting a compound of the general formula IIR.sup.1 --[O--(CR.sup.2 R.sup.2+ --CR.sup.3 R.sup.3').sub.x ].sub.y --OHIIwith a compound of the general formula IIIHO--CR.sup.4 R.sup.4' CR.sup.5 R.sup.5' --SO.sub.3 M IIIin the presence of a compound of the general formula IVMOH IVfollowed by neutralization of the compound of the general formula IV with an acid, characterized in that the acid employed is a compound of the general formula VR.sup.1 --[O--(CR.sup.2 R.sup.2' --CR.sup.3 R.sup.3').sub.x ].sub.y --OCR.sup.4 R.sup.4' CR.sup.5 R.sup.5' SO.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of x-ray diagnostic imaging the blood pool, liver, spleen and/or lymph system of a mammal comprising administering a contrast effective amount of a contrast agent having the structure: ##STR1## wherein: R is alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl having from 6 to 11 carbon atoms, or R.sup.1 CO.sub.2 R.sup.2 andR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently alkyl containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.This invention further relates to novel contrast agents having the above structure wherein both Rs are alkyl to x-ray contrast compositions comprising such agents, and to method of x-ray diagnostic imaging utilizing such agents.

Abstract: A new class of calcium-specific, NMR-active and/or fluorescent indicators having a high dissociation constant is described. Methods of determining intracellular calcium ion concentration using .sup.19 F NMR spectroscopy or optical methods are also provided.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkoxylated alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates which comprises reacting in the presence of water and the absence of ethanol a mixture of alkoxylated glycidyl ethers having as the major quantity of alkoxylated material ##STR1## with a salt of a sulfite bisulfite salt mixture at a temperature below about 110.degree. C. wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl of 10 to 20 carbon atoms, inclusive, R' is hydrogen or methyl and n has an average value of 1 to 10 and obtaining a sulfonated alkoxylated product having as a major quantity of the alkoxylated material a salt ofR(OCH.sub.2 CHR.sup.1).sub.n OCH.sub.2 CHOHCH.sub.2 SO.sub.

Abstract: The compounds of the formula I ##STR1## and their pharmaceutical acceptable salts, which are defined herein, are ligands for cholecystokinin and/or gastrin receptors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of diethylenetriaminepentacarboxylic acid tetraesters of general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and Z have different meanings.

Abstract: An antimicrobial wipe composition for use as a hand washing agent, comprising an alcohol, an active antimicrobial agent, a water soluble polymer, a polyalkylene glycol, an emollient and water. The hand wipe composition does not require scrubbing, prepping, washing and rinsing, will not irritate the skin and will provide antimicrobial effectiveness to the skin.

Abstract: A process for preparing acetic acid from methanol and carbon monoxide or a mixed gas of carbon monoxide with hydrogen, which process comprises contacting methanol with a gaseous component selected from a group consisting of carbon monoxide and a mixed gas of carbon monoxide with hydrogen of 2% by volume or less in the presence of a carbon-supported rhodium metal catalyst and methyl iodide promoter in vapor phase under the conditions of a reaction temperature of 180.degree.-220.degree. C., a reaction pressure of 5-10 kg/cm.sup.2 .multidot.G, and a weight of catalyst to feed gas flow rate ratio (W/F) of 10-20 g.multidot.h/mole; and a process for preparing acetic acid from methanol and carbon monoxide, which process comprises contacting methanol with carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbon-supported rhodium metal catalyst, methyl iodide promoter and water in vapor phase.

Abstract: Inhibition of farnesyl transferase, which is an enzyme involved in ras oncogene expression, and inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis, are effected by compounds of the formula ##STR1## their enantiomers, diastereomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, and solvates, wherein:x is --ONR.sup.1 C(O)--, --N(OR.sup.1)C(O)--, --NR.sup.1 C(O)--, --C(O)NR.sup.1 --, --NR.sup.1 S(O.sub.2)--, --C(O)O--, --OC(O)--, --C(O)--, --O--, --NR.sup.1 -- or --(S).sub.q --;Y is --CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, --SO.sub.3 R.sup.2 or --P(O) (OR.sup.2) (R.sup.3);R is alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, alkenylene or aryl;R.sup.3 is --(O).sub.t R.sup.4 ;R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl;m and n are each independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 5;p and t are each independently 0 or 1; andq is an integer from 1 to 2.

Abstract: A process is disclosed to produce a carboxylic acid derivative of the general formula VIII!: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and L are each as defined in the specification, characterized in that a benzyl halide is reacted with a cyano compound to give a phenylacetonitrile, which is then reacted with an alkyl nitrite in the presence of a base to give an .alpha.-hydroxyiminophenylacetonitrile, which is then reacted with an alkylating agent to give an .alpha.-alkoxyiminophenylacetonitrile, which is then hydrolyzed in the presence of a base, or is hydrated and treated with an acid, followed by hydrolysis in the presence of a base, to give an .alpha.-alkoxyiminophenylacetic acid, which is then reacted with an acid halide forming agent, or is convened into a metal salt, followed by reaction with an alkylating agent, or is reacted with a lower alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: A fluorine containing diester of an alkyl- or alkenylsuccinic acid having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl or alkenyl group, at least one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is a fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkenyl group, the remaining of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is an alkyl or alkenyl group, k, l, m and n are 0 or an integer not less than 1, respectively, and k+l are an integer of not less than 2, which provides an excellent lubricating property under any environment from low humidity to high humidity, and is particularly suitable for use in a magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: Provided is a compound of the formula: ##STR1## This compound is an intermediate to and is used for preparing the arthropodicidal oxidiazine Compound II described in the specification.

Abstract: A process for direct oxidative carbonylation of lower alkanes to acids having one greater carbon atom. The process uses a metal salt catalyst promoted by halide ions and/or a metal with oxygen as the oxidant in an aqueous medium. The process is especially effective for conversion of methane to acetic acid.

Abstract: A process for continuously producing alkylpyrophosphonate, alkylpyrophosphate and multimers thereof and for producing 4-amino-1-hydroxyalkylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acids or salts thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides N-acyl-N-phenylmaleamic acid derivatives represented by the general formula I!, a method of producing the same, and a herbicide containing the same as the effective components, ##STR1## wherein X and Y each individually represent hydrogen atoms or halogen atoms, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkenyl group, a lower alkynyl group, a lower alkoxyalkyl group or a lower alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, R.sup.2 represents a lower alkyl group, a halogenated lower alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, and R.sup.4 represents a hydroxyl, a lower alkoxy group, a lower alkenyloxy group, a lower alkynyloxy group, a lower alkoxyalkoxy group, a benzyloxy group or a lower alkoxycarbonylalkoxy group. This herbicide which is very useful can be widely applied to upland, paddy field, orchard, turf, forest, non-crop land, etc., and is not harmful to crops.

Abstract: The present invention provides the compound containing one hydroxyl group and one acyl carbamate group per molecule, which is useful for introducing the acyl carbamate group in chemical materials. By employing the present compound, it becomes possible to introduce the acyl carbamate group in various chemical materials other than acrylic polymers. According to the present process, the compound containing one hydroxyl group and one acyl carbamate group per molecule is provided in excellent yield with a suppressed amount of by-product.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to novel two tail--two head and two tail--one head surfactants. In one embodiment, the present invention comprises a novel composition of matter having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and are selected from linear or branched hydrocarbon chains with from 6 to 22 carbon atoms;R3 is H, SO.sup.13.sub.y M.sup.+, or --O(CH2CH2O).sub.n X;R4 is SO.sup.--.sub.y M.sup.+, or --O(CH2CH2O).sub.n X;M is H, Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs;n is an integer from 2 to 50;y is 3 or 4; and,X is H or SO.sup.13.sub.y M.sup.+.Preferably, in the above composition when R3 is other than H, R3=R4.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds useful for the regulation of cholesterol of Formula I, methods for using them and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, ##STR1## wherein X and Y are oxygen, sulfur, or (CR'R").sub.n wherein n is 1 to 4; R is hydrogen, alkyl, or benzyl; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are phenyl, substituted phenyl, naphthyl, substituted naphthyl, an aralkyl group, an alkyl chain, adamantyl, or a cycloalkyl group.

Abstract: 2-benzoyl-3-aminoacrylate derivatives of the following formula I and methods for the preparation of the same. ##STR1## wherein X is a halogen; X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently selected from a halogen and a nitro; and R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The compounds can be used as starting materials to synthesize benzoxazine derivatives, potent antibacterial compounds.