Abstract: A retardation film according to the present invention consists of a single-layer film in which a birefringent chain polymer is oriented, the polymer having as a repeating unit (A), a structure represented by the following general formula (V): wherein R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; R4 and R8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a linear or branched thioalkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, or a thiol group (where R4 and R8 are not simultaneously hydrogen atoms); and R5, R6, and R7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.

Abstract: Coated article, e.g., a brake disc, comprising a carbon-carbon composite component or a carbon-carbon-silicon carbide component coated at least with a phosphorus-containing antioxidant undercoating, the undercoating being covered by a silicon carbide particle-containing overcoating of alkali or alkaline earth metal silicate, pH modifier, and silicon carbide particles. Also, method of protecting a carbon-carbon composite brake disc or a carbon-carbon-silicon carbide composite brake disc against oxidation, by: coating the composite brake disc with a first phosphoric acid-based penetrant system; curing the penetrant coating at a temperature of 200° C. or above to form a first coating on the composite brake disc; applying the ceramic coating composition of claim 1 over the first coating and curing the ceramic coating at a temperature below 200° C.

Abstract: A cellulose acylate film comprising cellulose acylate which has a degree of crystallinity represented by the following expression (I) of 0.9 or more, and satisfies the following expressions (II) and (III): Degree of crystallinity=(X-ray diffraction intensity at 2? of 13°)/(X-ray diffraction intensity at 2? of 12°);??Expression (I) 2.6?A+B?3.0; and??Expression (II) 0.5?B?1.2??Expression (III) wherein A represents a substitution degree by an acetyl group of a hydroxyl group in a glucose unit of the cellulose acylate, and B represents a substitution degree by a substituent having from 3 to 4 carbon atoms of a hydroxyl group of a glucose unit of the cellulose acylate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal aligning agent capable of forming a liquid crystal alignment film having favorable electrical characteristics, and excellent in the storage stability and the productivity.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a chemical-mechanical polishing slurry for shallow trench isolation, more concretely, to a chemical-mechanical polishing slurry comprising an aqueous abrasive solution comprised of deionized water, polishing particles, and a polishing particle dispersant; and an aqueous additive solution comprised of a carboxylic acid polymer compound, a nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound, and an amine-group compound. The removal selectivity of the slurry may be improved by significantly lowering the speed of polishing of nitride film by adding a nitrogen-containing organic cyclic compound to an acrylic acid polymer compound, and by increasing the speed of removal of silicon oxide film by adding an amine-group compound, which is an accelerator of hydrolysis of silicon oxide film.

Abstract: Composites are prepared from resin-impregnated flexible graphite materials. Impregnated materials are compressed and cured at elevated temperature and pressure to form structures suitable for uses such as electronic thermal management (ETM) devices, supercapacitors and secondary batteries.

Abstract: A thermally printable commercially functional cash register tape produced from a thin machine direction oriented, heat stabilized, multi-layer, coextruded thermoplastic film is described. This thermoplastic tape replaces the currently used paper cash register tape. It will accept printing, has sufficient machine direction stiffness and sufficiently reduced surface electrical charges to function in conventional commercial cash register printers. The thermoplastic tape is much thinner than the conventional paper tape so a roll of the plastic register tape contains about 4.7 times the paper length of a typical cash register roll.

Abstract: An energy dense energetic material comprising a layer of material comprising one or more metals substantially not in oxide form and a layer of material comprising one or more metals substantially in oxide form, wherein the layers in combination are energetic and have a thickness of less than or equal to approximately 100 nm.

Abstract: The invention includes an etchant composition containing isopropyl alcohol and one or more of HF, NH4F and tetramethyl ammonium fluoride (TMAF). The invention encompasses a method of processing a substrate. A substrate is provided which has a first material containing at least one of polysilicon, monocrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon, and a second material. The substrate is exposed to an etch composition which comprises isopropyl alcohol and at least one of HF, NH4F and TMAF. The invention includes a method of processing a semiconductor construction including providing a construction which has a capacitor electrode material and an oxide material along at least a portion of the capacitor electrode material. At least some of the oxide material is removed by isotropic etching utilizing an etchant composition comprising isopropyl alcohol.

Abstract: A method for removing an oxide layer such as a natural oxide layer and a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus which uses the method to remove the oxide layer. A vertically movable susceptor is installed at the lower portion in a processing chamber and a silicon wafer is loaded onto the susceptor when it is at the lower portion of the processing chamber. The air is exhausted from the processing chamber to form a vacuum condition therein. A hydrogen gas in a plasma state and a fluorine-containing gas are supplied into the processing chamber to induce a chemical reaction with the oxide layer on the silicon wafer, resulting in a reaction layer. Then, the susceptor is moved up to the upper portion of the processing chamber, to anneal the silicon wafer on the susceptor with a heater installed at the upper portion of the processing chamber, thus vaporizing the reaction layer. The vaporized reaction layer is exhausted out of the chamber.

Abstract: A coating for a mechanical part comprises a first layer of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide designed to be in contact with the mechanical part, a stack of layers and an external layer of hydrogenated amorphous carbon. The stack is formed by an alternation of layers respectively of hydrogenated amorphous carbon and of hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide. The coating has a total thickness preferably comprised between 10 and 20 micrometers.

Abstract: Methods for patterning integrated circuit (IC) device arrays employing an additional mask process for improving center-to-edge CD uniformity are disclosed. In one embodiment, a repeating pattern of features is formed in a masking layer over a first region of a substrate. Then, a blocking mask is applied over the features in the masking layer. The blocking mask is configured to differentiate array regions of the first region from peripheral regions of the first region. Subsequently, the pattern of features in the array regions is transferred into the substrate. In the embodiment, an etchant can be uniformly introduced to the masking layer because there is no distinction of center/edge in the masking layer. Thus, CD uniformity can be achieved in arrays which are later defined.

Abstract: A multi-bit phase change memory cell including a stack of a plurality of conductive layers and a plurality of phase change material layers, each of the phase change material layers disposed between a corresponding pair of conductive layers and having electrical resistances that are different from one another.

Abstract: A retardation film which contains a cellulose derivative and a plasticizer wherein the thickness of the film is 10 to 50 ?m, Ro in Equation (i) is in the range of 30 to 100 nm, Rt in Equation (ii) is in the range of 100 to 300 nm, and S in Equation (iii) is 0.0002 or more but not exceeding 0.030. Ro=(nx?ny)×d??Equation (i) Rt=S×d??Equation (ii) S=((nx+ny)/2?nz)??Equation (iii) (where “nx” is a maximum refraction index of the film surface, “ny” is a refraction index in the direction perpendicular to “nx,” “nz” is a refraction index along the thickness of the film, and “d” is the thickness of the film.

Abstract: A multilayer compensator includes one or more polymeric first layers and one or more polymeric second layers. The first layers comprise a polymer having an out-of-plane birefringence between ?0.005 and +0.005. The second layers comprise an amorphous polymer having an out-of-plane birefringence that is either less than ?0.005 or greater than +0.005. The overall in-plane retardation of the multilayer compensator is greater than 20 nm, and the out-of-plane retardation is more negative than ?20 nm or more positive than +20 nm. The amorphous polymer of the second layer(s) has a glass transition temperature (Tg) such that 110° C.?Tg?180° C. when the Rth of the multilayer compensator is more negative than ?20 nm, and 100° C.?Tg?160° C. when the Rth of the multilayer compensator is more positive than +20 nm.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring status of a system component during a process. The method includes exposing a system component to a reactant gas during a process, where the reactant gas is capable of etching the system component material to form an erosion product, and monitoring release of the erosion product during the process to determine status of the system component. Processes that can be monitored include a chamber cleaning process, a chamber conditioning process, a substrate etching process, and a substrate film formation process. The system component can be a consumable system part such as a process tube, a shield, a ring, a baffle, an injector, a substrate holder, a liner, a pedestal, a cap cover, an electrode, and a heater, any of which can further include a protective coating.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has no defects caused by a rubbing process. The liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer injected between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a liquid crystal alignment layer that arranges alkane chains having at least 18 carbon atoms in parallel toward the substrate. The siloxane-based liquid crystalline alignment layer produces a uniform layer that resists defects and delamination.

Abstract: A wide-viewing angle compensation film contains a polarizing plate and an optical compensation film which exhibits negative birefringence and has an in-plane retardation (Re1) of 60-220 nm and an orientation parameter (Nz) in the range of 0±0.05, the optical compensation film exhibiting negative birefringence and the polarizing plate being stacked so that the slow axis of the compensation film is perpendicular or parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate; and a transmission type liquid-crystal display contains a liquid-crystal cell and the wide-viewing angle compensation film disposed on at least one side of the cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photoalignable material comprising a photoactive stilbazolium-containing polymer of formula I: wherein, Ma, Mb, Mc are monomer units making up the polymer; x, y, z, are mole fractions of the monomer units Ma, Mb, Mc, wherein in each case 0<x?1; 0?y<1, 0?z<1; Sa and Sb are spacer units; Za is a stilbazolium unit which can undergo photochemical isomerization/dimerization reactions; Zb is a stilbazole unit, and n varies from 4 to 10,000. The present invention also relates to a display using a layer of the photoaligned material and methods for aligning the orientation layer as well as orienting a liquid crystal layer applied to the photoaligned orientation layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate; a second substrate which opposes to the first substrate; a first alignment film which is provided on the first substrate; a second alignment film which is provided on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer which is interposed between the first alignment film and the second alignment film. The first alignment film and the second alignment film are formed by an oblique deposition method, and are formed by chemically bonding alcohols to a hydroxyl group which exists on at least a surface of an inorganic oxide film having a plurality of micropores, and the average molecular weight of alcohols of the first alignment film is different from the average molecular weight of alcohols of the second alignment film.