Abstract: A very accurate, low-offset switching circuit is provided. The switching circuit is used in a modulator which permits output pulses to be modulated in width and/or frequency. The reversible output signals of the switching circuit are added to the modulating input signal and the sum is integrated. A level detector changes the polarity of its output voltage whenever the output of the integrator reaches either of two fixed levels. The output of the level detector is used to drive the field-effect transistors to control the switching of the output of the differential amplifier.

Abstract: A two-level signalling or pulse correcting circuit which includes two delay circuits each feeding a section of a bistate output device. Each delay circuit has an individual time modifier circuit responsive to an input pulse duration of greater than a predetermined minimum for increasing the duration of an output pulse from said device to an interval between said minimum duration and a predetermined maximum duration.

Abstract: A multipurpose semiconductor circuit of the balanced type comprising a pair of differential signal transmitting paths, each of which is formed by a first transistor supplied with an input signal, a second transistor connected in series to the first transistor and supplied with a constant bias or a control signal, a load with an output terminal connected to the second transistor, and a novel semiconductor device of the three-terminal type with first and third terminals connected to connection points between first and second transistors of both signal transmitting paths, respectively. A second terminal of the novel semiconductor device is supplied with a control signal or a constant bias. The input signal is controlled in accordance with the control signal supplied to the novel semiconductor device or the second transistor and derived from the output terminal.

Abstract: A DC level control circuit wherein the DC level of an input signal is compared to a reference level and a DC bias potential is varied in accordance with said comparison, the varied bias potential being fed back to correspondingly vary the DC level input signal.

Abstract: A multipurpose switching circuit of the balanced type constituting a pair of switching paths each formed by first and second transistors connected in series and supplied with an input signal and a switching signal, respectively, and a novel semiconductor device of the three-terminal type with first and third terminals connected to both of the pair of switching paths, respectively, and a second terminal connected to an output terminal of the circuit. The respective second transistors of both the paths cause the switching operation to alternate in accordance with the switching signal, and both the input signals supplied to the respective first transistors of the pair of switching paths are alternately switched to the output terminal through the novel semiconductor device in response to the switching operation of the first transistors.

Abstract: The rpm, dwell and timing of an internal combustion engine are measured by starting and stopping a digital counter on the leading edge of pulse waveforms generated either within the engine or by a timing light. Timing is measured by starting the counter upon the firing of the number one cylinder, and providing an additional signal delayed in time as a function of the distributor advance to stop the counter. The count in the counter is converted to rpm, dwell or timing by either analog or digital techniques. A timing light delay circuit having a variable delay is incorporated with the timing light to produce the delayed signal proportional to distributor advance, the delay being adjustable within two selectable ranges. By measuring and displaying the computed dwell for each cylinder in sequence, distributor mechanical wear associated with shaft bearings and drive gears may be detected.

Abstract: An N-bit programmable divider comprising N "T" flip-flops, N load gates, N-2 enable gates, an output JK flip-flop and a least-significant-bit input inverter; the least-significant-bit flip-flop being enabled by Q of said output flip-flop, the second-least-significant-bit flip-flop being enabled by Q of said least-significant-bit flip-flip, each of said remaining T flip-flops being enabled by NORed Q outputs of all less-significant-bit flip-flops, said output flip-flop having a J input only when the outputs of said N T flip-flops are indicative of a count of 2 and having a K input only with a Q output of said output flip-flop; the divider being loaded by application during Q of the output flip-flop of the complement of the least-significant-bit signal to the clear of the least-significant-bit T flip-flop and higher-significant-bit signals to preset of respective higher-significant-bit T flip-flops.

Abstract: An analog-to-pulse integrating converter uses dual slope integration to achieve DC voltage to pulse rate conversion. An input signal is integrated, the integrator output is level detected and the integrator reset, at the same time there is issued an output pulse. The output pulse rate is proportional to the level of the DC input signal.

Abstract: A plural bit-stage synchronous counter/divider wherein each bit-stage comprises four multiple-input inverting gates in flip-flop configuration with the output of the first and second gates connected to one of the multiple inputs of the third and fourth gates respectively, one of the inputs of each of said first and second gates connected to a clock pulse line, the outputs of said third and fourth gates connected to a second input of said multiple inputs of each of said second and fourth gates and of said first and third gates respectively and third inputs of said multiple inputs of said third and fourth gates connected to clear and preset lines respectively and a clock pulse generator means providing clock pulses of a length between one and two times the propagation delay period of the slowest of said gates.

Abstract: A reliable pulse source circuit utilizing two independent but synchronized pulse generators is disclosed. The pulse source circuit maintains output pulses even though one pulse generator fails regardless of the failure mode, i.e., whether the output of the failed generator is stuck high or stuck low. A toggle flip-flop responsive to the presence and absence of pulses from the two generators and its own state outputs controls gating circuitry to generate a sequence of output pulses wherein alternate output pulses occur in response to pulses of one generator and the remaining output pulses occur in response to pulses of the other generator, and if either generator fails, all output pulses occur in response to the pulses of the other generator.

Abstract: An anti-skid brake control system and a failsafe circuit therefor wherein an open in either one of two wheel velocity pick-up coils is detected by comparing the sum of the coil currents with a constant current, and suppressing, in response thereto, a controller override on the manual. The controller is, thus, disabled when it should be, i.e. when its input from one or both of the coils is erroneous because of one or more opens therein.

Abstract: A device for striking a bell comprises a hammer head having a head portion composed of hard material and another head portion composed of soft material to obtain both hard and soft sounding bell rings. The hammer head is connected to a rockable striking hammer lever which is driven with a rocking motion by a rotating eccentric cam to cause the hammer head to strike the bell. The center of rocking motion of the striking hammer lever can be shifted both manually and automatically to selectively vary the hardness and softness of the bell ring.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines is normally closed by an axially movable needle valve. The needle valve is operatively arranged to actuate, at least mediately, an electrical switch after lifting from its valve seat.

Abstract: The testing method and means of the present invention utilizes a conventional dynamometer for testing a hydraulic pump. The dynamometer is used to mechanically drive the pump and the hydraulic system of the dynamometer is used to supply the test pump with hydraulic fluid. A flow rater is connected to the tested pump for registering the pressure, flow rate, and temperature of the fluid being pumped by the test pump.

Abstract: A device for taking test samples from a fluid material including passing the material gravitationally downwardly through a first chamber and through a sample divider plate having a plurality of radially extending openings with a sample takeoff passage receiving a sample through one of the openings and directing the sample to a second chamber which is provided with a second sample divider plate also having openings and with a second sample takeoff receiving a sample from one of the openings and directing it to a third chamber having a sample divider with a plurality of openings and taking a sample through one of said openings with a third sample takeoff passage.

Abstract: A flag pole that is balanced about pivot bearings of a stationary base so that the flag pole can be effortlessly tilted down into a horizontal position so that the flag can be removed or attached; the pole being made of interfitting sections, and the uppermost section loosely supporting a series of flag rings for selected ones to have the flat supported therefrom.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for obtaining from a fluid stream, a sample having a volume that is proportional to the flow rate of the fluid stream. The apparatus comprises intake means for withdrawing fluid material from a stream; a sampling reservoir having a conduit inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom; an equalizer chamber in communication with said sampling reservoir, said equalizer chamber being operated in conjunction with a gas bubbling system to maintain the level of liquid in said sampling reservoir so that the volume of said liquid is proportional to the flow rate in said fluid stream.

Abstract: A projectile recovery system where projectile speed is progressively reduced as the projectile passes through decelerator tubes. These tubes are precharged to high pressure in front of the projectile to minimize the decelerating distance. Quick opening valves, which separate the deceleration tubes and which seal them for pressurization, are opened as the projectile approaches so they will not be struck by the projectile with resulting damage.

Abstract: A tensiometer having a vacuum gauge which is connected to a sensing unit including a ceramic cup, which is located remote from said gauge, by a conductor in the form of a capillary tube. A second capillary bleeder tube communicates with and leads from the ceramic cup and has a second end which is located below the level of the other end of the conducting tube, so that when said second end of the bleeder tube is exposed, the escape of air therefrom can be visually determined, during purging of the device, so that after all air has been removed from the tubes, the tensiometer can be sealed.

Abstract: In accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, a hollow mandrel mounted in a production string has an eccentrically disposed, lateral recess adapted to receive a measuring instrument. A plug-in contact assembly is located at the lower end of the recess and is connected to an electric cable which is fixed to the outside of the production string. The measuring instrument includes a receptacle assembly on its lower end which is fitted onto the contact assembly during emplacement of the instrument in the recess, thereby to provide in combination with the cable an insulated electric connection between the measuring instrument and the surface. The measuring instrument can be placed into, or removed from, the recess as desired, for example by means of conventional running and pulling tools that are lowered into the production string at the end of a wireline.