Abstract: The present invention aims at improving the durability of a very high-speed shutter exceeding 1/8000 sec and further attaining a very high shutter speed even with sectors composed of a material exhibiting a low rigidity. For this purpose, a focal plane shutter device comprises: first and second blinds each constructed of a plurality of sectors; and a light shielding plate having an opening and an intermediate plate disposed between the first blind and the second blind. The first and second blinds are run in the facial direction of the light shielding plate so as to cover and expose the opening. The light shielding plate and the intermediate plate are bonded, or a shock absorbing member is interposed between these two plates.

Abstract: A film transport mechanism for a camera comprises a film take-up spool rotated to advance a filmstrip from a film cartridge onto the take-up spool, and a perforation sensor for detecting a turn-around perforation in a trailing end portion of the filmstrip to initiate return of the filmstrip from the take-up spool to the film cartridge. The perforation sensor is movable to a sensing position against the filmstrip to be able to drop into the turn-around perforation when the turn-around perforation is advanced to the perforation sensor. A film-on-spool sensor is located against an outermost convolution of the filmstrip as the filmstrip accumulates on the take-up spool, and is moved in response to increased accumulation of the filmstrip on the take-up spool to effect movement of the perforation sensor to its sensing position before the turn-around perforation can be advanced to the perforation sensor.

Abstract: In a camera having a lens unit and a viewfinder, a power focus limiter is provided which is capable of narrowing the focusing range by using a driving motor. The device consists of an actuator, a motor control circuit, a driving motor and a detecting sensor, and a display device that provides a visual reference of the focusing range presently set to the operator. The system allows the focusing range to narrow quickly, while at the same time the operator can confirm whether the focusing range is in the desired range without moving his eye from the viewfinder.

Abstract: In a lens barrel for use in a camera, the inner wall of a fixed barrel and the outer wall of a rotatable barrel are shaped in a first helicoid engagement and the inner wall of the rotatable barrel and the outer wall of a lens holding-barrel are shaped in a second helicoid engagement, wherein a pitch of the second helicoid engagement is substantially equal to that of the first helicoid engagement. One end of a flexible print circuit is connected with an electrical device on the lens holding-barrel, the middle portion of it is extended backward between the outer wall of the lens holding-barrel and the inner wall of the rotatable barrel and is turned around the back end of the rotatable barrel so as to be further extended forward between the outer wall of the rotatable barrel and the inner wall of the fixed barrel, and the other end of it is passed a through hole provided on the fixed barrel and is extended to the camera body.

Abstract: A microlithographic projection imager has an illuminator system that is adjustable for the uniformity of spatial intensity of the illumination delivered to the wafer plane. This uniformity adjustment can compensate for factors tending to deviate the illumination from uniformity. The uniformity adjusting member is preferably refractive and axially movable next to a pupil of the illuminator.

Abstract: An Albada finder for a photographic camera consists of an objective lens group having a negative refractive power as a whole and an ocular lens group having a positive refractive power as a whole. The objective lens group is provided with a concave semitransparent mirror surface which is concave toward the ocular lens group. The semitransparent mirror surface is aspherical and the lens faces in the ocular lens group are all spherical. The following formulae (1) and (2) are satisfied,0.222.ltoreq.H..alpha...beta./2.f.ltoreq.0.346 (1)D.gtoreq.d.H..alpha...beta./f (2)wherein H represents the length of the major side of the exposure area of the camera, .alpha. represents the field factor of the finder, .beta.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic assembly, apparatus and process for scanning input information from patient information cards, processing the information and imaging the processed information on films and, in particular, on X-ray films in automatic daylight film handling systems.

Abstract: A recyclable, single use photographic film package and camera comprising a light-tight camera mechanism having a frame forming exposure gate, a roll of unexposed film withdrawn from its cartridge and pre-wound on a film takeup spool disposed on one side of the exposure gate, the cartridge disposed on the other side of the exposure gate, and an externally operable film winding thumbwheel for winding the filmstrip through the exposure gate and back into its cartridge as the film is exposed frame by frame. When all frames are exposed, the exposed film is removed and processed, and the package is recycled by substituting a fresh film cartridge and new packaging for resale. To prevent unauthorized reuse of the camera mechanism by refilling it with other than genuine film, a component of the takeup spool is intentionally damaged upon winding the last image frame into the film cartridge.

Abstract: Dynamic range and passband problems in cinema sound transmission are solved by using a laser disk (9) read by a laser disk player (10, 11, 12) synchronized (14) with the original sound track of the film. Problems relating to splices in the film are solved by reading the sound in advance, in storing it in a memory (13), in reading it back subsequently from the memory, and, where necessary, in causing the memory read back system to jump (24) in order to avoid reproducing sound that corresponds to images that have been removed from the film.

Abstract: A display device has a display having a scale plate and an indicator movable on the scale plate, an instruction unit for releasing an instruction signal for moving the indicator, and a drive unit for moving the indicator based on the instruction signal. The device also has a detector for detecting whether the indicator is in movement or not. When the detector detects that the indicator is in movement, the movement of the indicator by another new instruction signal, eventually released from the instruction unit, is inhibited. Such movement of the indicator by another new instruction signal is permitted only when the detector detects that the indicator is not in movement.

Abstract: A sheet film pack has a pack housing for receiving a plurality of sheet film units, a lid for closing an opening of the pack housing, a film recovery mouth for recovering exposed sheet films, and a cap for closing the film recovery mouth and holding the lid in the close position. A film pack holder holds the sheet film pack in a sliding tray which is slidable in a holder housing. A cover having an exposure aperture is hinged to the holder housing and pivotally opened for loading the sheet film pack. When the cover is closed, the cap is released from the lid and the pack housing, and the cap is held in the holder housing. By sliding the lid out of and then back into the holder housing, the topmost sheet film unit is positioned in the exposure aperture and pressed by the lid into proper position.

Abstract: An exposure method for aligning a plurality of shot areas arranged on a substrate with predetermined exposure positions on a predetermined coordinate system in turn and transcribing, on the substrate, a pattern formed on a mask through a projection optical system comprises the steps of measuring, on a predetermined coordinate system, coordinates of a plurality of sample shot areas selected from a plurality of shot areas, determining weight coefficients corresponding to the coordinates of the sample shot areas, performing statistical calculation based on the coordinates and the weight coefficients of the measured sample shot areas and determining coordinates of the i-th shot area on the predetermined coordinate system, controlling the movement of the substrate according to the determined coordinates of the i-th shot area to set the i-th shot area at the exposure position, and adjusting the projection magnification of the projection optical system based on a parameter expressing deformation of the shot area amo

Abstract: A camera using a film cartridge of the type that the spool shaft of the film cartridge is turned to initially feed the photographing film,in which, even if no film cartridge is loaded in it, the shutter can be charged and released, and it is unnecessary to charge and release the shutter during the initial film feeding operation. In the case where, in a camera, a film cartridge has been loaded with its rear cover closed, a clutch gear for driving a charge gear is spaced away from a winding gear, so that the shutter is held released. On the other hand, when no film cartridge has been loaded in the camera, the clutch gear for driving the charge gear is moved by a second engaging lever to engage with the winding gear, so that the shutter can be charged and released.

Abstract: Prior to exposures, the imaging characteristics of a projection optical system to be used are determined by measuring the positions of plural projection points (evaluation points) within the projection area, on a photosensitive substrate, of the projection optical system. Then the positional aberrations between the evaluation points are determined in the area of image superposition or jointing, and correcting parameters are determined so as to minimize at least the component of the aberrations in a direction, perpendicular to an extending direction patterns of a reticle. The reticle or the photosensitive substrate is rotated or shifted according to thus determined correcting parameters. This exposure method achieves the superposition or jointing of patterns, or the superposition of the jointed parts thereof, in optimum manner, according to the structure (directionality) of the patterns or the imaging characteristics of the projection optical system employed.

Abstract: A compact camera has a flash unit/viewfinder which in a non-operative folded position covers a handle for the camera body.

Abstract: A photographing apparatus comprises a first lens group to variably change a magnification, a second lens group to perform a focus adjustment, a movement measuring sensor to measure a moving speed of the first lens group, a movement control circuit to move the second lens group at the moving speed according to a measurement value of the moving speed which is obtained from the movement measuring sensor and a speed change circuit to change the moving speed of the first lens group. The apparatus has a stop circuit for allowing the movement control circuit to stop the movement control of the second lens group according to the measurement value of the moving speed obtained from the movement measuring sensor when the moving speed derived from the movement measuring sensor is changed.

Abstract: A camera protects against wasting battery power by turning off an illuminating device when a photographer is engaged in an photographic operation. The illuminating device includes a back light which illuminates a displace device for display of information related to photography and a release actuation member which generates a half press signal and a full press signal, respectively, upon a first and a second stroke. The back light is turned on according to a "turn on" signal, while the back light is turned off according to the half press signal. The back light is also turned on when the photometric value of a photometric circuit is above a predetermined value.

Abstract: A remote control camera has a remote controller that emits a remote control signal. A remote control signal receiving device is provided in a camera body to receive the remote control signal emitted from the remote controller. The camera also includes a delaying release circuit which commences an exposure operation after a predetermined delay time, and a control circuit which actuates the delaying release circuit when the remote control signal receiving device receives the remote control signal emitted from the remote controller.

Abstract: An operational switch includes a switch member which is moved between an operative position, in which an associated battery circuit is turned ON, and an inoperative position, in which the battery circuit is turned OFF. A switching device operates in accordance with the rotation of the switch member, when the latter is in the operative position.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the position, in a predetermined direction normal to a substrate, of at least one measurement point in a detection area on the substrate, includes:a projection device for projecting a light-dark pattern consisting of a repetitive pattern of light and dark portions in a predetermined detection direction onto substantially the entire detection area;a photoelectric detection device for detecting reflection light from the substrate, and outputting a photoelectric signal having a waveform representing the contrast of an image of the light-dark pattern in the detection direction;a device for detecting the position of a waveform representing a dark portion of the light-dark pattern corresponding to the measurement point in the waveform of the photoelectric signal; anda measurement device for measuring the position, in the predetermined direction, of the measurement point based on a deviation between the detected waveform position and a predetermined reference position.