Abstract: Diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride copolymers are effective in removing color from paper mill wastes when anionic vinyl monomers are used as the co-monomers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and apparatus for treating waste water, particularly metal-containing waste water. The process includes separating and removing metals and other impurities from the waste water by the sequential addition of a base, a polyelectrolyte and an acrylamide-containing copolymer dispersion. The purified water is recycled for continuous reuse while the small quantities of metal-rich residue are available for reclamation.

Abstract: A method for treating an aqueous stream containing a water-soluble, inorganic sulfide compound wherein the stream is contacted with oxygen at a pH in the range of less than about 12 and an oxygen to sulfur molar ratio greater than about 5 with an oxidizing catalyst at oxidation conditions selected to provide a high conversion of the inorganic sulfide compound to sulfate to thereby produce a substantially sulfide-free treated aqueous product stream.

Abstract: An analyzer system for automatic column chromatography, and method for its use, includes an array of chromatograph columns and multi-cell cuvettes associated with each column. Chromatographic separation takes place under a constant, low fluid pressure. A pressure system distributes air to each column during chromatographic separation but prevents leakage of air if the column array is partially empty. The multi-cell cuvette collects and separates the eluates associated with a single column. The system provides for automatic removal of caps from the bottoms of the chromatograph columns and provides for automatic optical density reading.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the detoxification of aqueous solutions containing cyanides and/or cyano complexes in the presence of heavy metals which are Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd and Zn, more particularly Cu, by oxidative treatment of the solutions with peroxide compounds at pH values of 8 to 12. Peroxide compounds from the group consisting of alkali metal percarbonates and alkaline earth metal peroxides are used. The peroxide compounds are added to the solutions to be detoxified per se or are formed in situ therein from hydrogen peroxide and other components. Sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate and calcium peroxide are preferred.

Abstract: Novel copolymers of polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and 3-acrylamido-3-methylbutanoic acid are useful in the clarification of deinking paper mill waste water resulting from the processing of recycled paper stock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and apparatus for treating waste water, particularly metal-containing waste water. The process includes separating and removing metals and other impurities from the waste water by the sequential addition of a base, a polyelectrolyte and an acrylamide-containing copolymer dispersion. The purified water is recycled for continuous reuse while the small quantities of metal-rich residue are available for reclamation.

Abstract: The present invention describes a filter medium and a method of filtering metals from liquids, such as waste water, in which the metals are filtered from the liquids and are chemically fixed in the resulting filter cake in a nonhazardous and nontoxic form so that they may be disposed of in nonhazardous landfills. When all or a portion of the metals are dissolved, they are first precipitated and then filtered and chemically fixed.

Abstract: A process for catalytic oxidation of organic materials in waste water by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of iron (III) salts at temperatures below 80.degree. in the presence of titanium dioxide and with exposure to light.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the detoxication of aqueous solutions which contain cyanohydrins, in particular glycol nitrile, and/or nitriles and in addition contain decomposition catalyst for peroxide compounds, in particular manganese compounds, by perhydrolysis of the cyano compounds at temperatures of from 5.degree. to 80.degree. C. and pH values of from 8 to 12 by means of one or more peroxide compounds which are alkali metal percarbonates and perborates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and alkaline earth metal peroxides. The peroxide compounds are added as such to the solution to be detoxified or formed in situ in the solution to be detoxified. Sodium percarbonate is preferably used.

Abstract: An improved process for the reversed phase chromatographic decolorization, separation, and purification of water-soluble, nonionic contrast media compounds from solutions containing nonionic compound impurities involves the steps of (a) packing a chromatographic column with a chromatographic packing material; (b) passing through the column a solution containing a water-soluble, nonionic contrast media compound and nonionic compounds as impurities at a loading ratio between approximately 10 to 1 and 1.5 to 1 wt. packing material/total wt. nonionic compounds; and (c) eluting the column to produce an eluate containing substantially pure, water-soluble, nonionic contrast media compound or MRI agent. The process can be economically practiced on a factory scale and efficiently removes non-polar impurities difficult to remove by conventional methods.

Abstract: A method of treating solid waste in soil or solid disposed waste containing unacceptable levels of leachable metals, such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, zinc, copper and chromium, includes mixing the solid waste or soil in place with a phosphate source or a carbonate source or ferrous sulfate. After the solid waste and the additive are mixed, if needed an additional pH controlling agent is mixed into the soil or waste and additive. After the solid waste and additive and pH controlling agent are mixed under conditions which support reaction between the additive, pH controlling agent and metals, the metals will be converted to non-leachable forms which are relatively stable under normal environmental conditions.

Abstract: Metal complex dyes which are free of reactive groups and have at least one hydroxysulfonyl group are removed from wastewaters by means of amines of at least 6 carbon atoms in the presence or absence of water-immiscible inert organic solvents.

Abstract: A method of washing an upflow filter between service runs employs a filter bed having a non-buoyant particulate filter layer through which influent to be filtered is directed in an upward direction, and through which liquid employed in the washing operation is directed in an upflow direction. A two-stage washing operation includes the steps of first directing a combination of air and liquid in an upflow direction through the filter layer with the velocity of the liquid being less than the minimum fluidization velocity of the filter layer, for disrupting only some floc retained in the filter layer during a previous service run, and thereafter directing only liquid in an upflow direction through the filter layer at a velocity less than the minimum fluidization velocity of the filter layer for removing disrupted floc from the filter layer while leaving some floc attached to said particulate media of the filter layer.

Abstract: Water-containing mixtures of at least one hydrocarbon/halocarbon and hydrochloric acid, e.g., the methyl chloride feedstream in conventional process for the synthesis of chloromethanes, are desiccated by intimately contacting such mixtures with an effective drying amount of an essentially anhydrous drying agent that includes (i) a metal sulfate, chloride or perchlorate, or (ii) phosphorus pentoxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst for use in water treatment and to a method for the water treatment by the use of the catalyst. The catalyst comprises a first catalyst component e.g. the oxide of titanium, silicon, aluminum and zirconium, and a second catalyst component e.g. manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, cerium, tungsten, copper, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium or a sparingly water-soluble compound of the metal.

Abstract: A process is disclosed which limits the corrosion of the materials of construction of a wet oxidation system treating wastewaters. The process is particularly useful in the wet oxidation treatment of ammonium sulfate containing wastes such as acrylonitrile wastewaters. The wastewater is mixed with an oxygen containing gas such that a substantial residual oxygen gas concentration is maintained from before the stream-gas mixture is heated for wet oxidation until after the oxidized stream-gas mixture is cooled and separated. Preferably, in the treatment of acrylonitrile waste water the shutdown procedure comprises cooling said waste stream by introducing an aqueous liquid substantially free of organic impurities and containing a basic material.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor treatment composition for cooling water systems at elevated temperatures in which no chromate is used is disclosed, comprising a combination of a localized corrosion inhibitor in the form of a salt of molybdenum, vanadium, or tungsten, a reduced level of a general corrosion and scale inhibitor comprising zinc, nickel or a combination thereof, orthophosphate, an organic phosphonate, and a stabilizing agent.

Abstract: A method of treating sewage sludge is provided, in which the sludge is mixed with an alkaline material in such a way as to provide intimate surface contact that enables the alkaline material to permeate even small particles of the sludge, and to deliver the resultant product in a granular, scatterable form. The sludge and alkaline material are delivered to a mixing chamber and are confronted therein with a screw type mixer having generally helical flighting carried by a shaft, with the mixer being rotatably driven in generally horizontal arrangement to convey the mixture toward an outlet, with the mixture that is being mixed being maintained at a level in the mixer such that a spiral rolling action is imparted to the sludge and alkaline additive by the flighting engaging particles of sludge and rolling those particles up over the rotating shaft of the screw mixer.