Abstract: A topical preparation containing cyclosporin as an active ingredient, is disclosed that contains (a) cyclosporin; (b) an organic solvent for dissolving the cyclosporin; (c) an ester of a fatty acid with a monovalent alcohol having a total number of carbon atoms of 8 or more and/or an alkanol amine, each being in liquid state at 25.degree.C; (d) an oily substance in solid state at 25.degree.C; and (e) a surfactant. The cyclosporin is present in a concentration ranging from appoximately 0.1% to 10% by weight and the ester and/or alkanol amine are/is present in a concentration ranging from approximately 1% to 15% by weight. The topical preparations are active against atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and allergic contact dermatitis.

Abstract: A pyridinesulfonamide derivative of the formula (I) and a salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a halogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxycarbonyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 mono- or di-alkylaminocarbonyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylsulfonyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylthio group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 mono- or poly-halogenoalkoxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 mono- or poly-halogenoalkoxy group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 mono- or di-alkylaminosulfonyl group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxyaminosulfonyl group substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, a nitro group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylthio group, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkylsulfonyl group, or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxycarbonyl group;R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of 3-benzoyl benzofuran derivatives of general formula: ##STR1## wherein a benzofuran derivative of general formula: ##STR2## is reacted in situ in the presence of aluminium chloride successively with phosgene or oxalyl chloride, and then with a phenolic derivative of general formula: ##STR3## to produce a complex which is hydrolysed to form the desired compound of 3-benzoyl benzofuran.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are novel imidazolidine derivatives of the formula (I) and intermediates of the formula (II) ##STR1## wherein each R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a methylenedioxy group, an alkylthio group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having from 1 to 2 carbon atoms, a haloalkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl.group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an alkylamino group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a phenoxy group, a benzyl group or a halopyridylmethyloxy group, and n is an integer of from 1 to 3, ##STR2## wherein R and n have, respectively, the same meanings as defined above. Processes for preparing the compounds of the formulas (I) and (II) are also described.

Abstract: There are disclosed compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is R.sup.1, ##STR2## --SO.sub.2 R.sup.1 or --SO.sub.2 R.sup.3 ; R is hydrogen or lower alkyl;R.sup.1 is unsubstituted or substituted pyridyl, indolyl or quinolinyl; or substituted phenyl, thienyl, furyl, benzothienyl or benzofuryl, where the foregoing substituted moieties are substituted with halo, lower alkylcarbonyl, benzoyl, carboxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl, CON(R).sub.2, SO.sub.2 R.sup.3, cyano or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl, halo, lower alkoxy, hydroxy or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.3 is lower alkyl or phenyl;Z is --O--, --NNHR.sup.4, --NNHR.sup.1, --NOR.sup.4, --NOR.sup.1, --NOCH.sub.2 R.sup.1, ##STR3## Y is O or S; R.sup.4 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or phenyl;which by virtue of their ability to inhibit interleukin 1, are of use as antiinflammatory agents and in treatment of disease states involving enzymatic tissue destruction.

Abstract: Nucleic acid hybridization probes are provided which comprise an N.sup.4 -(substituted amino)cytosine moiety, wherein the substituted amino group comprises a tag moiety, whereby the probe is detected. Methods of preparing probes of the invention, intermediates used in such methods, and methods of using the probes of the invention in hybridization assays are also provided. Typical tag moieties employed with the probes of the invention are biotinyl, aminothiadiazole and fluorescein derivatives, connected to N.sup.4 -amino groups of modified cytosines of the probe through linker moieties. Probes tagged with biotin are typically detected by binding to the biotinyl moieties, through a streptavidin or avidin molecule, a reporter group which includes streptavidin or avidin and then detecting a signal due to the reporter group.

Abstract: The invention relates to fluorophenylpyridines of the formula I: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are substituted and unsubstituted monovalent organic radicals.

Abstract: New ester-containing quaternary pyridinium salts are provided having advantageous utility as charge control agents in electrostatographic toners and developers. The salts have the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl or aryl, X is --CH.sub.2 --.sub.n, Y is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy or halogen, Z.crclbar. is an anion and n is an integer from 1 to 6.Such ester-containing quaternary pyridinium salts also cause toner particles containing them to display lower fusing temperatures and improved paper adhesion indexes.

Abstract: New ester-containing quaternary pyridinium salts are provided having advantageous utility as charge control agents in electrostatographic toners and developers. The salts have the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl or aryl, X is --CH.sub.2 --.sub.n, Y is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy or halogen, Z.sup..crclbar. is an anion and n is an integer from 2 to 6.Such ester-containing quaternary pyridinium salts also cause toner particles containing them to display lower fusing temperature and improved paper adhesion indexes.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is aryl which may have one or more suitable substituent(s)R.sup.2 is aryl which may have one or more suitable substituent(s), lower alkyl or cyclo(lower)alkyl,R.sup.3 is hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, lower alkenyl, amino or protected amino,R.sup.4 is a group of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 is lower alkyl which may have one or more suitable substituent(s), cyclo(lower)alkyl, aryl, ar(lower)alkyl which may have one or more suitable substituent(s), andR.sup.6 is hydrogen or lower alkyl; or N-containing heterocyclic group which may have one or more suitable substituent(s), andA is lower alkylene or lower alkynylene, in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be linked through an oxygen atom, their preparation and use in treatment of dysuria, and starting materials for their preparation.

Abstract: Quinoline derivatives of the formula, ##STR1## wherein > A represents a group >N--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, >C.dbd., >C.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, or >CH(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, wherein n is an integer of 0-7; Y represents a group >C.dbd.O or >CHOH, R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or an alkylthio group, R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a phenoxy group, an alkanoyloxy group, or an amino group which may have a substituent, R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group, and m is an integer of 1-3. The compounds and their salts exhibit a superior antiacetylcholinesterase activity with no side effects and are effective for the prevention or cure of senile dementia or memory disturbance.

Abstract: The compounds according to the invention can be prepared by reaction of the corresponding amines with sulphonic acid derivatives, or in the case of the aminooxy compounds by reacton of ketones with aminooxy compounds or alkylation of hydroxylamines, or in the case of the alkene compounds by reaction of ketones with phosphorusylides. The phenylsulphonamide substituted pyridinealkene- and -aminooxyalkencarboxylic acid derivatives can be used for the treatment of thromboembolic disorders, ischaemias, arteriosclerosis, allergies and asthma.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 5-alkylpyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic esters by reaction of 2-oxosuccinic esters with 2-alkylacrolein oximes.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel N-biphenylyl lactam compounds having a substituted methylidene or methyl moiety adjacent to the lactam nitrogen, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.The compounds are angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and are useful in treating hypertension (lowering high blood pressure), congestive heart failure, elevated ocular pressure, cerebral stroke, angina, cardiac insufficiency, myocardial infarction or diabetic nephropathy.The invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention, a method of treating a physiological condition in a mammal that is mediated by angiotensin II which comprises administering to the mammal an effective amount of a compound of the invention, and novel processes for preparing the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: Quaternary pyridinium compounds, their use in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, their roles in the prophylaxis and treatment of organophosphate poisoning, their roles in anticholinesterase therapy and their roles as agents mimicking or opposing the actions of the natural neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Abstract: There are disclosed various compounds of the formula below, ##STR1## where the parameters R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as defined in the specification, which compounds are useful as analgesic agents.

Abstract: This invention provides a process and intermediates for preparing 2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxylic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of N-(2-chloro-pyridin-5-yl-methyl)-ethylene-diamine of the formula (I) ##STR1## in a technically simple manner in high yield and in very good quality. The new process is characterized in that N-(2-chloro-pyridin-5-yl-methyl)-aminoacetonitrile of the formula (II) ##STR2## is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of ammonia and in the presence of a catalyst and also in the presence of a diluent, at temperatures between 0.degree. C. and 100.degree. C. and a pressure between 1 bar and 100 bar.N-(2-Chloro-pyridin-5-yl-methyl)-ethylenediamine (I) can be used as an intermediate for the preparation of insecticides.

Abstract: The compounds according to the invention can be prepared by reaction of the corresponding amines with sulphonic acid derivatives, or in the case of the aminooxy compounds by reaction of ketones with aminooxy compounds or alkylation of hydroxylamines, or in the case of the alkene compounds by reaction of ketones with phosphorusylides. The phenylsulphonamide substituted pyridinealkene- and -aminooxyalkenecarboxylic acid derivatives can be used for the treatment of thromboembolic disorders, ischaemias, arteriosclerosis, allergies and asthma.

Abstract: This invention provides a process and intermediates for preparing 2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-carboxylic acids.