Abstract: Process for the conversion of ethylene into light alpha olefins, mainly 1-butene, 1-hexene and 1-octene, in which the ethylene is contacted with a catalyst obtained by reacting a performed mixture of alkyl zirconate and ether with a chlorine or bromine-containing aluminum compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to an unproved method of presulfurizing a sulfidable metal oxide(s)-containing catalyst which minimizes sulfur stripping upon start-up of a reactor and improves catalyst activity. The method consists of contacting a sulfidable metal oxide(s)-containing catalyst with elemental sulfur at a temperature such that said elemental sulfur is substantially incorporated in the pores of said catalyst by sublimation and/or melting and heating the sulfur-incorporated catalyst in the presence of a liquid olefinic hydrocarbon at a temperature greater than about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A catalyst system of the Ziegler-Natta type suitable for producing ethylene copolymers having a reduced hexane extractable content comprising (a) an organoaluminum component and (b) a titanium trichloride component which has been prepared by reducing titanium tetrachloride with magnesium metal.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a polymerization catalyst of olefins, said catalyst containing an active chromium compound on an inorganic support. The catalyst in accordance with the invention is prepared by vaporizing a precursor of chromium oxide such as chromyl chloride and allowing the chromium oxide vapor to react with the surface of, e.g., silica gel support material at 160.degree. . . . 500.degree. C. A selective binding of the chromium oxide to the support material is achieved by keeping the vapor pressure sufficiently high and the duration of interaction with the support sufficiently long so as to maintain an excess of the chromium compound in relation to the number of available binding sites on the support material. The activity of a catalyst in accordance with the invention even with a very low content of catalytic metal is as high as the activity of a catalyst of an appreciably higher metal content that has been prepared by the methods of the conventional technology.

Abstract: A fiber treating agent which is a silicone modified polyester in which a polyester has a polyoganosiloxane grafted thereto. The grafted polyester is the reaction product of an allyl ether containing polyester and a polyorganosiloxane wherein at least one of the silicon atoms of the polyorganosiloxane has a hydrogen atom attached thereto. Preferably, the hydrogen atom is attached to one terminal end of the polyorganosiloxane. The reaction product is modified by reacting the reaction product with a polycarboxylic anhydride, and the amine salt of the modified reaction product may be formed by reacting the modified reaction product with an aminoalkylalkoxysilane. Methods of treating fibrous materials are also described.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for the polymerization of Nylon 6 from caprolactam comprising a primary catalyst which comprises an alkali metal hypophosphite or an alkaliearth metal hypophosphite, and an organic phosphite cocatalyst. The catalyst composition of this invention is most useful when used in conjunction with the reactive extrusion technology which requires a very fast polymerization rate to take full advantage of this evolving technology.

Abstract: Immobilized Lewis Acid catalyst comprising polymer having at least one Lewis Acid immobilized within the structure therein, said polymer having monomer units represented by the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein a represents about 1 to about 99 mole % b represents about 0 to about 50 mole %c represents about 1 to about 99 mole %a+b+c is preferably about 100%; ##STR2## C is selected from the group consisting of: ##STR3## D is OH, halide, OR.sup.4, NH.sub.2, NHR.sup.3, OM', or OM"; E is the residue of the reaction of at least one Lewis Acid with the D substituent of monomer unit B;R.sup.1 represents proton, C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl group, or C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl;R.sup.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl group, C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryl, or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkylaryl;R.sup.3 represents C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 aryl, or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 alkylaryl;R.sup.4 represents C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.24 cycloalkyl, C.sub.

Abstract: A composition of matter comprises trifluoromethanesulfonic acid on a solid support material which contains boron phosphate and/or boron sulfate. Preferred support materials are boron phosphate, boron phosphate-coated silica and boron sulfate-coated silica. The above composition is used as a catalyst for alkylating at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkane (preferably isobutane or an isopentane) with at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.7 alkene (preferably butene-2).

Abstract: Optically active cyanohydrins are prepared by addition of hydrogen cyanide to aldehydes in the presence of catalysts which comprise the dipeptide derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an isopropyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a methyl group, a benzyl group or a phenyl group, R.sup.2 represents a benzyl group, an indol-3-ylmethyl group, an isopropyl group, an isobutyl group or a phenyl group, R.sup.3 represents a lower alkoxy group, a hydroxy group or a mono- or di-lower alkylamino group, R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are bonded together at their terminals to form a CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 group, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are the same or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7, or R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are bonded together at their terminals to form CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH or OCH.sub.

Abstract: Milled polymers are contacted with a liquid which dissolves selectively polystyrene and which separates by specific gravity polyolefins from PET and PVC. Then, at least one of the sorted polymers is converted into lower molecular weight products.

Abstract: A composition and a process for catalyzing ethylene oligomerization employing the composition as catalyst are disclosed. The composition comprises a nickel compound, a phosphine compound, and a phosphated alumina where the phosphated alumina is both a component of and a support for the composition. The ethylene oligomerization process comprises (1) combining a nickel compound and a phosphine compound in a solvent to form a mixture; (2) combining the mixture with a phosphated alumina under ethylene pressure to form a catalyst system; (3) contacting ethylene with the catalyst system under oligomerization conditions to produce higher olefins having more than 2 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for producing substantially linear hydrocarbons by oligomerizing a lower olefin at elevated temperature and pressure which comprises contacting the lower olefin under oligomerization/polymerization conditions with constrained intermediate pore siliceous acidic zeolite, e.g., ZSM-22, -23 or -35, having Bronsted acid activity; wherein the zeolite has acidic pore activity and wherein the zeolite surface is rendered substantially inactive for acidic reactions. The zeolite surface can be inactivated by contact with dicarboxylic acid, e.g., oxalic acid. The olefin oligomers may be used as alkylating agents to prepare biodegradable alkylbenzenes and alkylphenylsulfonates.

Abstract: A novel micro-emulsion is described which is useful as a hydrogenation catalyst. The highly dispersed hydrogenation catalyst is prepared by forming an aqueous solution of a salt of a transition metal and a surfactant, adding this solution to heated petroleum pitch or a mixture thereof with a petroleum distillate, such as heavy gas oil, and mixing vigorously until a stable water-in-oil micro-emulsion is formed having an average diameter of less than about 1500 .ANG., which upon exposure to severe reducing conditions produces catalyst particles having an average size of less than about 500 .ANG.. The micro-emulsion thus formed is highly stable and has a long shelf-life and the catalyst particles formed under hydrogenation conditions are much smaller than previously reported.

Abstract: A liquid cleanser composition, particularly for use as a hard surface cleanser that comprises a mixture of from about 0.5% to about 10% of a terpene selected from mono- and sesquiterpenes and mixtures thereof, from about 1% to about 10% of a water miscible solvent, and, from about 1% to about 10% of an amide surfactant. The composition can also contain from about 10% to about 70% of a water-insoluble abrasive.

Abstract: An improved high activity olefin polymerization catalyst catalyzes the production of polymeric lower .alpha.-olefin having good properties and a relatively narrow particle size distribution. The catalyst is produced from an organoaluminum cocatalyst, a selectivity control agent and a novel olefin polymerization procatalyst which is prepared by contacting a tetravalent titanium halide, a halohydrocarbon, an electron donor and the solid procatalyst precursor obtained by heating an adduct of a carbonated magnesium ethoxide and a phenolic compound of enhanced acidity.

Abstract: A catalyst composition obtained by contacting (a) a Group IVA metal compound of the general formula(Cp).sub.p MeX.sub.4-pwherein Cp is, independently, cyclopentadienyl groups substituted with one or more hydrocarbyl groups, and at least one cyclopentadienyl group is substituted with a single, optionally substituted, aryl group, Me is a Group IVA metal, X is one or more non-cyclopentadienyl substituents attached to the Group IVA metal, wherein the substituents are hydrocarbyl groups, hydrocarboxy groups, hydrocarbamide groups, hydrogen or halogen, and p is an integer of from 1 to 4; and (b) an aluminoxane. Further, a process for polymerizing one or more alpha-olefins by contacting the one or more alpha-olefins with the catalyst composition of the invention to produce polymers.

Abstract: Oxidation of alkylaromatics having a benzylic hydrogen atom is catalyzed by a catalyst comprising a palladium salt, a metal persulfate, a third metal salt, and a tin salt in a carboxylic acid for a period of time sufficient to convert the alkylaromatics to their corresponding oxidized derivatives. The catalyst is prepared by preheating the palladium salt and the metal persulfate at a temperature sufficient to provide the desired catalytic activity followed by addition of the third metal salt and the tin salt.

Abstract: A process for converting an oxygenate feed to light olefins using a microporous zeolite catalysts such as ECR-1, mazmorites, and/or ECR-18 is provided. In a preferred embodiment, the process is conducted at approximately 440.degree. C. (824.degree. F.) to about 460.degree. C. (860.degree. F.) using a methanol:water (approximately 1:4 molar ratio) feed and results in superior production of light olefins.

Abstract: Catalysts for the preparation of copolymers of ethylene and/or alpha-olefins and optionally dienes, are obtained by reacting an Al-alkyl with a solid catalytic component comprising:(A) a magnesium compound containing at least an Mg-halogen bond;(B) a halogenated compound of at least partly trivalent Ti or V, containing at least a Ti--OR or V--OR bond, wherein the Mg/Ti(V), halogen/Ti(V), halogen/Mg and OR/Ti(V) atomic ratios are within determined ranges; and(C) an electron-donor compound.Elastomeric copolymers endowed with improved tension set values are obtained with said catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel catalysts for removing heteroatoms, particularly nitrogen, from hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks. The catalysts are comprised of highly dispersed molybdenum sulfide promoted with a noble metal such that the noble metal is in an oxidation state greater than 0 and coordinated to S. The noble metal is selected from Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ir. It is preferred that the catalysts of be prepared from a precursor composition selected from platinum ethoxyethyl xanthate or platinum dithiocarbamate. Additionally, the catalyst may include a promotor sulfide such as nickel sulfide, cobalt sulfide or iron sulfide, etc. or mixtures thereof.