Abstract: An equalizer is arranged to continuously sense the control pressures of two valves. In the event of a differential between the control pressures, the equalizer operates to selectively adjust one valve so that the control pressures of both valves will thereafter be substantially equal.

Abstract: A safety restraint limiting the separation of brake actuator housings containing powerful compression springs. The restraint consists of a sheet metal body having a notch receiving the housing flanges, the notch being of sufficient dimension to permit partial separation of the housing flanges upon release of the flange clamp band, and the flange and restraint include engaging complementary surfaces which produce an inward force on the restraint when the restraint is subjected to axial spring forces thereby retaining the restraint notch in alignment with the housing flanges to limit axial separation thereof.

Abstract: An axial cylinder machine includes a shaft, journaled in one end of a housing to turn about its axis and a plurality of cylinders. A spider is mounted inside the housing by means of a main swivel connection to swivel about a center which is disposed along the shaft axis and the spider includes a plurality of arms, one for each cylinder, projecting generally radially from the center with one projecting in under each cylinder. Each cylinder includes a rod, one end of which swivels on the piston sliding in the cylinder and the other end of which is connected by a swivel connection to the outer end of the associated arm of the spider. As a result, the spider swivels with a generally circular motion about its center when the pistons are successively reciprocated or vice versa. The main swivel connection comprises a stationary shallow cone facing upwardly and engaged by a downwardly facing shallow cone carried by the spider.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic actuator for the control of valves such as the kind found in ships. The actuator has a piston which is actuated in a valve opening direction with a hydraulic pressure medium and may be actuated in the return direction by a gas-compression type spring. Certain emergency situations require an immediate closing of a valve or group of valves controlled by the piston acting through a spindle. Emergency closing apparatus includes an abutment on the piston which forms an annular chamber when the piston abuts the end wall of the piston cylinder. The housing has an emergency passage means in fluid communication with the annular chamber when the piston abuts the end wall to effect an emergency moving of the piston in a valve closing direction when a pressure medium is admitted into the emergency passage.

Abstract: A cylinder (15) is reciprocable in the housing (11) of a hydraulic percussive tool and a piston hammer (16) is reciprocable in the cylinder. The force between the cylinder and the housing is constant during the cycle of reciprocation and as a result the housing (11) is practically not vibrating at all. The piston hammer (16) and the cylinder (15) are coupled together to move conjointly during a part of each forward stroke of the hammer piston, which ensures the timing of the reciprocation of the hammer piston 16 and the cylinder (15).

Abstract: A fluid pressure servomotor for automotive vehicle wheel brake system including a housing having a movable wall therein for reciprocable movement, the movable wall dividing the housing into two compartments, one on each side of the movable wall. The two compartments cooperate to produce a pressure differential on opposite sides of the movable wall that causes the wall to be moved by the higher pressure in the direction of the lower pressure. The servomotors further have a control valve operated by the operator of the vehicle that regulates the degree of vacuum or less than atmospheric pressure established at one side of the movable wall. The movable wall is usually connected with the master cylinder of the hydraulic brake system of the motor vehicle so that when a pressure differential is effective on the movable wall and hence a power movement of the wall is produced, hydraulic fluid is displaced from the master cylinder into the hydraulic fluid brake system to apply the hydraulic brakes of the vehicle.

Abstract: A device of this nature incorporates at least one control piston displaceable within a casing, the casing having at least one venting nozzle authorizing the insertion of the piston into one of its possible operating positions, which nozzle may be shut off by means of an electromagnetically operated closing device for preparation of the outward displacement of the piston out of this operating position. To accomplish that such devices may manage with a substantially reduced electrical battery power for their electromagnetic closing device, a permanent magnet is provided which co-operates with a ferromagnetic member of the closing device, in such manner that the closing device continues to be held in its closing position while the control piston is being reversed, although the supply of electrical power to the closing device had already been turned off.

Abstract: A spool valve for use in a hydraulic ram includes a piston journalled for axial movement within a cylinder under the influence of a fluid fed under pressure to the cylinder. The spool valve is journalled within a valve block closing an end of the cylinder through which passes a piston rod. The valve is biased from one position to another by means of differential areas of a circumferential groove around the spool and by applying fluid to a chamber at one end of the spool.

Abstract: A fluid-powered lift unit having a plurality of pistonrods attached to a piston which translates axially but within a tube. The tube is provided with an end cap and a base which in conjunction with the piston defined two fluid-tight regions. The pistonrods extend from the piston and sealingly extend through the end cap thereby preventing piston rotation and causing the lift unit to be rigid with the piston in the extended or contracted position.

Abstract: In a pneumatic nailer using compressed air for driving nails, a work chamber contains a drive piston and is in communication with a storage chamber for effecting the return of the drive piston after it has driven a nail. A valve unit controls the supply of additional compressed air into the storage chamber. A switching element is arranged to react when a predetermined compressed air pressure is exceeded for controlling the flow of compressed air through the valve unit to the storage chamber. The switching element can be a pressure limiting valve. The combination of the switching element and valve unit avoids unnecessary compressed air losses in the higher pressure operating ranges.

Abstract: A DOHC engine of the V-type has two cylinder heads each detachably secured to a cylinder block. A crank shaft on the block drives two intermediate shafts, one on each cylinder head, by means of an endless flexible element. An additional flexible endless element is provided in each cylinder head to drive two cam shafts from the intermediate shaft on that cylinder head. Each endless flexible element together with its toothed pulleys or sprockets and its timing belt or chain is described as a wrap-around transmission.

Abstract: A pushbutton control system for raising and lowering the dump body of a dump vehicle. Included are "up", "hold" and "down/float" switches which are connected in circuit with "up", "down" and "float" solenoid valves. These valves on energization direct pressurized air into the "up", "down" and "float" chambers of two air cylinders included in an actuating mechanism for a hoist valve controlling the telescopic hoist cylinders of the vehicle. The dump body is raised upon depression of the "up" switch with the consequent opening of the "up" valve. The depression of the "down/float" switch, resulting in the opening of the "down" valve, causes the dump body to lower by the forced contraction of the hoist cylinders. Upon subsequent release of the "down/float" switch the "float" valve opens to allow the dump body to lower under its own weight. The depression of the "hold" switch, with the consequent closure of all the solenoid valves, makes it possible to hold the dump body against movement in any desired position.

Abstract: An automatic reset arrangement for a manual release mechanism in a spring-applied, air-released brake comprising a sleeve member having axially projecting fingers that slide axially within the bore of the spring piston push rod. The ends of the projecting fingers are formed with outturned lugs having a conically-shaped surface adapted to engage a correspondingly-shaped shoulder in the bore of the piston push rod to provide a drive connection through which the spring brake force is transmitted to the sleeve member. A cylindrical plug member is normally arranged within the sleeve member at the flange end thereof to prevent inward deflection of the fingers and to thus maintain the integrity of the drive connection. A spring-returned, manually operable release lever is arranged to withdraw the plug member when it is desired to release the spring brake in the absence of air.

Abstract: Hydraulic fluid pressure moves a piston (22) against a body of incompressible fluid (14), compressing a spring (42). The pressure is released, and the force of the stored energy in the spring (42) is transmitted to the piston (22) by the body of fluid (14) and drives the piston (22) through its power stroke. The fluid (14) is vented to an outlet (8) before the piston (22) reaches the end of its power stroke, removing the force from the piston (22) and allowing it to free travel through the remainder of the stroke. When the motor (2) is operating and the load is removed from the piston (22), the hydraulic fluid inlet (10) is short-circuited to the outlet (8) and the motor (2) automatically shuts off.

Abstract: A fastener driving tool includes a control assembly that allows the tool to be fired sequentially by first placing the tool against a workpiece followed by actuation of a trigger to fire the tool. The control assembly includes a valve assembly that allows the tool to be selectively adjusted to operate in a multi-shot sequence or a single shot sequence. In the single shot sequence the tool may only be actuated once upon placement of the tool against a workpiece and subsequent actuation of the trigger. The tool must be removed and repositioned on the workpiece before the tool can again be fired. In the multi-shot sequence, the tool may be repeatedly fired by repeated actuation of the trigger once the tool has been placed on the workpiece.

Abstract: A fluid pressure operated piston engine assembly, such as a pump assembly, including a fluid pressure operated piston engine and a fluid valve for coupling fluid under pressure to alternative portions of the piston chamber of the piston engine. As disclosed, as the drive shaft of the piston engine approaches each end of its stroke, fluid under pressure is coupled by the fluid valve to a portion of the piston chamber to effect reversal of direction of travel of the drive shaft. The fluid valve includes a valve rod which is translated to effect the alternative modes of coupling pressurized fluid to the piston chamber. To accomplish this a drive frame is mounted for limited translation on the valve rod and driven by a pair of pins, attached to the piston engine drive shaft, at the ends of the drive shaft stroke.

Abstract: A pneumatic actuator is provided for a gate valve in a turbocharger system to control the bypass of exhaust gasses to regulate the speed of the turbocharger. The actuator includes a reciprocating rod connected at one end to a diaphragm and adapted to be connected at the other end to a pivoted lever for actuating the valve. A bearing is provided for the reciprocating rod with the bearing being moveably supported by a leaf spring arrangement mounted on the actuator for absorbing vibrations and transverse movement of the reciprocating rod.

Abstract: A fluid pressure cylinder of the rodless type having a reciprocally movable piston, an elongated slot within the cylinder and an improved sealing element for successively sealing the elongated slot during movement of the piston. The improved sealing element is constructed of a generally flexible material and includes a sealing portion for creating a seal against the inner side wall of the cylinder adjacent to the elongated slot and a portion which is adapted for at least partial insertion wthin the slot so as to retain the seal member within the slot during an absence of pressure within the cylinder.

Abstract: A device for exerting pressure comprising a piston and mating cylinder, each having a rectangular cross-section, and an elastic sleeve disposed between the end of the piston and the end of the cylinder. Means are provided to pressurize the elastic sleeve, thus exerting force on the piston, tending to move it.

Abstract: An electro dynamic set device including an output set element, a piston having a piston rod and operable against the action of a force of hydraulic pressure and means defining a valve passage which communicates with an operating side of the piston to which hydraulic pressure is supplied. The passage is opened and closed by a control slide which operates by an electromagnet that can apply a magnetic force. A spring acts between the control slide and the piston such that the spring tends to move the control slide against the action of the magnetic force in a direction closing the passage. The control slide is annular and concentric around the piston rod and is located together with a coil of the electromagnet and an associated armature thereof in a common chamber. The coil encircles the piston rod as does the slide. The operating side of the piston is in the common chamber, the armature being suspended by another spring which permits movement of the armature in the length direction of the control slide.