Abstract: A computer-implemented method for detecting and reducing the amount of urea crystals in an exhaust aftertreatment system including at least one NOx sensor upstream of a urea injector is provided, The method includes: acquiring measurement values from the NOx-sensor; determining lambda values associated with the measurement values, wherein a lambda value being indicative of a ratio between an amount of air and an amount of fuel in a combustion chamber of an engine connected to the exhaust aftertreatment system; determining at least one ratio between the measurement values and the inverse of the determined lambda values, when the ratio between the measurement values and an inverse of the determined lambda values is equal to or exceeds a threshold, using a NOx engine emissions model for urea dosing control in the exhaust aftertreatment system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a steer-by-wire system, including a reaction force motor for providing a reaction force in a direction opposite to the direction of operation of a steering wheel; a torque sensor for detecting a rotational angle of the steering wheel according to manipulation of the steering wheel; a motor position sensor for detecting a rotation angle of the motor; a turn counter for detecting the number of rotations of the reaction force motor; and a controller for calculating a first steering angle based on the rotation angle and number of rotations of the reaction force motor.

Abstract: Path generation apparatus configured to generate target travel path of vehicle, includes: external sensor mounted on vehicle and configured to detect external situation centered on advancing direction of vehicle; and electronic control unit including processor and memory coupled to processor. Electronic control unit is configured to perform: recognizing travel lane where vehicle travels based on external situation detected by external sensor; deriving first function representing travel path along center of travel lane; calculating curvature radius of travel lane; determining offset amount to be offset inward in turning direction from center of travel lane based on curvature radius; and deriving second function representing target travel path of vehicle that has been offset based on first function and offset amount.

Abstract: Methods and systems for controlling treatment of exhaust in a emission control system of a platform having an combustion system and one or more selective catalyst reduction catalysts (SCR) is provided. In an exemplary embodiment, the system includes: one or more sensors configured to obtain sensor data pertaining to an SCR temperature for the SCR; and a processor that is coupled to the one or more sensors and configured to at least facilitate controlling treatment of the exhaust based on the SCR temperature.

Abstract: A driver assistance system 1 for a motorcycle is provided with: a driving force output device 82 that generates a backup output for reversing a drive wheel and backing up a vehicle body; a brake lever 810 squeezably operable by a rider; a ACC main switch 43 and an ACC lever 44 operable by the rider; and a back out assistance controller 64 that controls the driving force output device 82 on the basis of the operation of the lever 810, the switch 43, and the lever 44. The back out assistance controller 64, after causing the driving force output device 82 to generate the backup output when triggered by receiving an operation of turning the lever 44 to a “SET/?” side, continues to cause the backup output to be generated until the lever 810 is operated, or until the switch 43 or lever 44 is turned off.

Abstract: An ECU includes: an index calculation unit calculating, as indices relating to fuel properties, a first index that indicates a degree of anti-knocking margin and a second index that indicates required ignition energy required for normal ignition; a first control unit for setting a target in-cylinder temperature based on the first index and controlling an in-cylinder temperature based on the target in-cylinder temperature, as an in-cylinder temperature control for controlling the in-cylinder temperature immediately before combustion; and a second control unit for setting a target EGR rate based on the second index and controlling an EGR rate based on the target EGR rate as an EGR control performed by an EGR device for controlling the EGR rate.

Abstract: A method includes calculating a first fuel evaporation gas density in a purge pump of a vehicle based on a pressure difference between a front end and a rear end of the purge pump, a radius of a fluid passage of the purge pump, a number of rotations of the purge pump, and an opening amount of a purge control solenoid valve, filtering the first fuel evaporation gas density, calculating a second fuel evaporation gas density in the purge pump based on the filtered first fuel evaporation gas density, calculating a third fuel evaporation gas density in a standard temperature and pressure state based on the second fuel evaporation gas density, a current pressure in the purge pump, and a current temperature in the purge pump, and calculating a concentration of hydrocarbon in a fuel evaporation gas in the purge pump based on the third fuel evaporation gas density.

Abstract: Engine control apparatus includes: an engine including an injector and ignition plug, and a controller configured to control the injector and ignition plug to switch combustion mode to a second homogenous charge compression ignition combustion of reformed fuel with ignition at required torque less than a first predetermined value, to a first homogenous charge compression ignition combustion of reformed fuel, obtained by reforming a portion of gasoline fuel into peroxide, without ignition at required torque more than the first predetermined value and less than a second predetermined value, to spark ignition combustion of gasoline with ignition at required torque more than the second predetermined value and less than a third predetermined value, and to diffusion combustion of reformed fuel without ignition at required torque more than the third predetermined value.

Abstract: When a vehicle accelerates due to an upshifting of a transmission, a recirculation valve is opened and ignition period is retarded so that the torque generated in an internal combustion engine decreases. When upshifting of the transmission of the vehicle is completed, retarding of the ignition period is ended and the recirculation valve is closed at different timings. As a result, the amount of torque recovery at the end of the upshifting of the transmission of the vehicle can be prevented from increasing more than expected, and the acceleration rate after the shift can be reduced.

Abstract: A fuel ejector assembly includes a nozzle structured to receive fuel from a fuel conduit and eject the fuel therethrough, and an exhaust gas recirculation (“EGR”) conduit structured to communicate a recirculated exhaust gas therethrough. A mixing portion is disposed downstream of the nozzle and the EGR conduit, the nozzle and the EGR conduit fluidly coupled to the mixing portion such that the mixing portion receives each of the fuel and the recirculated exhaust gas. A diffuser is disposed downstream of the mixing portion and is configured to be fluidly coupled to an engine to communicate a mixture of the fuel and the recirculated exhaust gas to the engine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyzed particulate filter and methods comprising the filter for treatment of an exhaust gas from a gasoline engine, the catalyzed particulate filter comprising a gasoline particulate filter (GPF); a major catalytic layer coated onto or within an inlet side, an outlet side, or both sides of the GPF surfaces, the major catalytic layer comprising a first composition, wherein the first composition comprising a first support material; and a first platinum group metal (PGM); and a minor functional material layer placed onto or within an inlet side, an outlet side, or both sides of the GPF surfaces; the minor catalytic layer comprising a second composition; wherein the major catalytic layer has a higher loading than the minor functional material layer; the minor functional material layer is placed on top of the major catalytic layer, or the major catalytic material layer is placed on top of the minor functional layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electric brake system including a reservoir, a master cylinder, a hydraulic pressure supply device configured to operate a hydraulic piston according to an electrical signal output in response to a displacement of a brake pedal and generate a hydraulic pressure, a hydraulic pressure control unit configured to control the hydraulic pressure transmitted to a wheel cylinder from the hydraulic pressure supply device, a hydraulic pressure auxiliary device configured to operate when the hydraulic pressure supply device is inoperable and provide the hydraulic pressure to two wheel cylinders and including a pair of pumps configured to pressurize the pressurizing medium, a motor configured to drive the pair of pumps, a first support valve provided on a first auxiliary hydraulic pressure flow path for transmitting the pressurizing medium pressurized by any one of the pair of pumps to a first wheel cylinder to control a flow of the pressurizing medium, and a second support valve provided on a seco

Abstract: A support component that supports a shielding member, and a fixing component that fixes the shielding member to the structure via the support component. The support component has a cylindrical part, two flange parts and spring part. The spring parts have a first spring and a second spring with different load-deflection characteristics. The first spring and the second spring are interposed between each of the two flange parts and both sides of the shielding member. As a result, the invention provides a sufficient buffering effect.

Abstract: An engine having a linkage assembly, the linkage assembly having a governor lever, a governor shaft, and a throttle link. The governor lever couples the governor shaft to the throttle link. The governor lever is configured to adjust the relative position between the throttle link and the governor shaft. The governor lever has a primary arm and a secondary arm, the primary arm being movable with respect to the secondary arm. The primary arm and secondary arm are secured via a fastener which prevents relative motion between the primary and secondary arms.

Abstract: A valve device increases or decreases a flow rate of EGR gas. The valve device includes a housing, a bypass valve body, an EGR valve body. The housing includes: a first upstream passage into which the EGR gas cooled by an EGR cooler flows; a second upstream passage into which the EGR gas that bypasses the EGR cooler flows; a junction connected to each of a gas-flow downstream of the first upstream passage and a gas-flow downstream of the second upstream passage; and a downstream passage connected to the first upstream passage and the second upstream passage via the junction. The bypass valve body is provided in the second upstream passage. The EGR valve body is provided in the downstream passage.

Abstract: In an approach to reduce nitrous oxide emissions using predictive urea dosing control, a route is determined. A set of target coverage fractions of ammonia is determined over a set of steps for the route, where the coverage fraction of ammonia is a ratio of stored ammonia to a maximum storage capacity of ammonia in a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device. An actual coverage fraction of ammonia is determined for each step of the route. The actual coverage fraction of ammonia is compared to the target coverage fraction of ammonia for each step. The urea injection rate is adjusted based on a cost function.

Abstract: An attitude estimation system includes an obtainer, an estimator, and an outputter. The obtainer obtains a detection result of a first sensor attached to a vehicle. The estimator calculates a relative angle of a road surface on which the vehicle travels with respect to the first sensor, based on the detection result of the first sensor obtained by the obtainer, and estimates a constant deviation of the attitude of the vehicle with respect to a reference attitude of the vehicle. The outputter outputs attitude information indicating the deviation estimated by the estimator.

Abstract: In a throttle device including: a throttle shaft to which a throttle valve is secured; a motor; and a deceleration mechanism decelerating rotation of a drive shaft of the motor and transmitting the rotation to the throttle shaft, the deceleration mechanism includes a throttle gear secured to the throttle shaft, the throttle gear includes a tubular ring into which the throttle shaft is detachably inserted and a gear main body including a gear portion, and the gear main body is formed of a resin by insert processing including the ring.

Abstract: A device, and associated methods, for converting a fuel-injection engine, originally intended for use with a first fuel, allow the engine to operate with a different, second fuel (e.g., bioethanol, alone or mixed with unleaded fuel(s)). The device delivers an adapted injection signal to an injector based on an original injection signal (SI) received from an engine control unit. An analyzing, circuit includes a measuring circuit, to measure the SI; a detecting circuit, to detect an end time of the SI when the measured signal drops below an end threshold; and an updating circuit, to update a value of the end threshold, depending on the measured signal. A signal generator produces a complementary injection signal (SC) starting from the end time. A switching circuit transmits the SI to the injector, then delivers the SC to the injector. The SI and the SC together form the adapted injection signal.

Abstract: Path generation apparatus configured to generate target travel path of own vehicle traveling in travel lane, includes: external sensor mounted on own vehicle and configured to detect external situation centered on advancing direction of own vehicle; vehicle speed sensor configured to detect travel speed of own vehicle; and electronic control unit including processor and memory coupled to processor. Electronic control unit is configured to perform: setting target passing point on travel lane based on external situation; and generating target travel path from current location point of own vehicle to target passing point. Setting target passing point includes setting target passing point after predetermined time period when travel speed is equal to or higher than predetermined value, while setting target passing point to predetermined distance ahead from current location point when travel speed is lower than predetermined value.