Abstract: Solid lipid pellets containing 65% to 95%, or higher, lipid concentration suitable for use in or as animal food supplements and/or feed rations wherein: a mixture containing at least water and an edible algin-like coagulant is formed in a mixing chamber (11,12); a liquified lipid is added to form a gel-like algin/water/lipid emulsion; and, the emulsion is deposited in discrete quantities (30) into a metal ion bath (29) causing the emulsion to "set" in a lipid pellet integral and solid throughout its entire structure. The lipid pellets may be packaged for delivery to points of consumption and/or admixed with other feed materials to form nutritive animal feed rations. Small amounts of ammonia and/or bentonite may be added to the aqueous mixture to increase the lipid absorptive capacity thereof.

Abstract: A process and feed composition for supplying fatty acids to ruminant animals which comprises feeding saturated fatty acids in the form of triglycerides to the animals. These highly saturated triglycerides may be added in an amount preferably between 2-5% of the total dry matter of the ratio. The highly saturated fatty acids according to the present invention have an iodine value of less than 25.

Abstract: A variety of different food products, prepared from edible tubers of the morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. are substitutes for wheat and other grains, milk, eggs, and a partial substitute for nuts.

Abstract: A dietary process and animal feed for increasing the weight gaining rate of edible meat-producing animals while improving their carcass firmness and quality, which comprises feeding small granules (less than 1,000 microns) of highly saturated fats to the animals. These highly saturated fats may be added in prescribed amounts (preferably approximately 5%) of the primary dry feed ration. The highly saturated fats according to the present invention have an iodine value in the range of 5-35.

Abstract: The dog food formula is a composition comprising the following ingredients: brewer's yeast, bran, biscuit mix, water, desiccated liver, safflower or corn oil, ascorbic acid and chelated zinc. Additional ingredients may also be included such as bone meal, lecithin oil, wheat germ oil, soy oil, wheat flour, honey and flavorings such as meat or fish.

Abstract: A completely digestible highly nutritious dog chew, the texture or hardness of which is easily modified to suit a particular dog by the dog owner. By irradiating the chew in a microwave oven, the chew is caused to expand and is thereby rendered more easily chewable.

Abstract: The present invention provides food compositions comprising urea, sorbitol and a quantity of an edible anti-urease component effective to prevent substantial exocellular degradation of urea, and methods of using such compositions to alleviate protein malnutrition and to suppress the appetite in humans for ethanol specifically or for food generally.

Abstract: Food and pharmaceutical compositions are disclosed which contain amounts of short chain monounsaturated fatty acids or their derivatives sufficient to increase the content of the fatty acids within the tissues when said compositions are administered and to substantially improve the metabolic processing of lipids within animals.

Abstract: There is described a method for the manufacture of fodder and/or soil improving agents by anserobic or serobic fermentation of environmental disturbing aquatic plants, specifically water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), which, if desired, have been comminuted.

Abstract: A syrup composition that has a sufficiently low viscosity so that it can be poured or pumped, yet upon contact with a confection the syrup composiiton's viscosity increases.

Abstract: A composition of matter and method for administering a bioactive substance to the post-rumen portion of the digestive system of a ruminant substantially without introducing the substance to the rumen portion of the digestive system is provided. The composition of matter comprises particles which have a specific gravity between about 0.3 and 2.0, preferably between about 1.0 and 2.0. The particles comprises a core comprising bioactive substance; a hydrophobic coating essentially completely encapsulating said core in a quantity sufficient to essentially preclude introduction of bioactive substance into the rumen; and a surfactant applied to the surface of the hydrophobic coating in a quantity sufficient to ensure that said particles do not float on the rumen. The method comprises orally administering this composition of matter to a ruminant.

Abstract: A palatability enhancer composition for pet food comprises a pyrophosphate salt or an acid phosphate salt. The palatability enhancer may also include at least one of the following: an organic acid, a flavor, and phosphoric acid.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for maintaining animals on a diet containing keratin as a source of protein are disclosed. The method comprises feeding an animal a carbohydrate source and a first protein source, the first protein source comprising keratin and a keratinase capable of hydrolyzing the keratin. A composition of the present invention is an animal feed comprising a carbohydrate source and a first protein source, the first protein source comprising keratin and a keratinase capable of hydrolyzing the keratin. A preferred keratin for practicing the present invention is ground feather, and a preferred keratinase for practicing the invention is obtained from Bacillus licheniformis strain PWD-1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing the excretion of nitrogen from humans and animals while maintaining formation of proteins, as well as a food and feedstuff for humans and animals comprising keto acids, whereby ingoing protein is replaced by alpha ketoglutaric acid; a combination of alpha keto glutaric acid and pyruvic acid; oxaloacetate or oxaloacetate in combination with alpha keto glutaric acid or pyruvate or another keto acid according to the formula R--CO--COOX, wherein R denotes a part of a non-essential amino acid and X denotes hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or organic base or non-toxic precursors or intermediates of these, whereby the keto acid (-s) is (are) present in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 1-10% by weight of the protein dry matter present.

Abstract: The fish food is in the form of a dense filament having a diameter of less than about 0.05 inch. The filament is produced by extruding a wad of viscous meal in an extrusion chamber and associated die. The preferred extrusion tool has a tubular member with an end piece containing a small aperture. The tool is held in one hand by a stationary handle, while the other hand advances a plunger through the tubular member, thereby extruding the filaments.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a process for preparing a feed supplement product which contains C.sub.14 -C.sub.22 fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt and a propionate glucogenous ingredient as essential constituents.The feed product can function as a rumen bypass composition, and permit the beneficial increase of the nutrient fat content of the ruminant feed ration, and facilitate metabolic glucose formation by gluconeogenesis during the digestive cycle.

Abstract: A dry food for domestic dogs or cats is prepared by moistening and crushing cereals and/or legumes and thereupon drying the crushed substance at a temperature of not more than between 50.degree. and 70.degree. C. to form flakes, by drying chunks or lumps of meat, fish and/or comminuted vegetables, and by mixing the chunks or lumps and flakes with each other and with effective quantities of micronutrients and/or a gelling agent. The resulting dry food can be stored in bags and can be served dry or subsequent to contacting with water, milk or another liquid.

Abstract: A method of preparing frozen pieces of dough, in which dough is kneaded and subsequently fully shaped and fully proofed. The doughpieces are then frozen. The pieces of dough can be stored in a freezer for some time and subsequently removed from the freezer and, without defrosting step, placed in an oven and baked. The dough is kneaded to a higher energy input then in usual bread making techniques. In the presently preferred initial embodiment, alcohol is added to the dough ingredients during mixing of the ingredients.

Abstract: A refrigerated cookie dough composition is disclosed which has low water activity and also includes edible bits containing coloring agents such as Brach's.RTM. candy coated chocolates to form a product which is substantially free of color bleed after 90 days of refrigerated storage. The dough composition of the present invention has a water activity no greater than about 0.75. A method of forming a refrigerated dough composition having a water activity of no greater than 0.75 is also disclosed.

Abstract: Ruminant animals, as herbivores, survive and produce while feeding chiefly on grass or other roughage consisting of large amounts of cellulose. Ruminants which have been consuming primarily diets high in cellulose must gradually be adjusted to high grain rations. When the attempt is made to adapt and feed ruminants diets containing no roughage, metabolic problems surface. The increase in lactic acid and accompanying fall in rumen .sub.p H resulting from roughage or cellulose withdrawal leads not only to the destruction of cellulolytic bacteria which digest cellulose), but to the destruction of lactate utilizing organisms, resulting in acidosis and its attendant adverse effects, which results in less than optimal cattle performance. Herein roughage can be eliminated allowing ruminants to consume an all grain, properly balanced due without these adverse reactions. A roughage free diet for ruminants is provided which alters the eating behavior of cattle.