Abstract: A highly effective photoinitiator for cationic polymerization of monomer formulations is prepared by reacting diphenyl sulfide with chlorine gas in a Friedel-Crafts reaction in an organic solvent to form bis-[4-(diphenylsulfonio)phenyl] sulfide dichloride. This product is recovered and then reacted in an aqueous solution with a compound having the formula T.MF.sub.6 wherein M is one of phosphorus, antimony or arsenic and T is hydrogen or a metal whose halide salt is water soluble. The two compounds react in the aqueous medium to produce a precipitate which includes at least about 50 percent by weight bis-[4-(diphenylsulfonio) phenyl] sulfide bis-MF.sub.6, and this precipitate may be recovered and dried for utilization without further purification if so desired. Purification may be effected by dissolving the dried product in an organic solvent, cooling the solvent to precipitate the impurities, and thereafter recovering relatively pure bis-[4-(diphenylsulfonio)phenyl] sulfide bis-MF.sub.

Abstract: A photocurable coating composition suitable for coatings comprising (i) a polythiol, (ii) a polyene, and (iii) a silicone-modified polyester copolymer. These coating compositions are suitable for coating polycarbonate articles.

Abstract: A cured or uncured linear aromatic polyester composition melt-blended and composed of(A) 100 parts by weight of a saturated linear aromatic polyester in which at least 70 mole % of the acid component consists of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, and(B) 0.1 to 50 parts by weight of a reactive compound which is solid at room temperature or is a liquid having a boiling point of at least 200.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure, and which contains in its molecule at least one aliphatic unsaturated group substantially non-reactive with the polyester (A) and the aliphatic unsaturated group of the reactive compound (B) under conditions of melt-blending with the polyester (A) and at least one epoxy group reactive with the polyester (A) under the melt-blending conditions. The cured linear aromatic polyester composition can be prepared by extruding the uncured linear aromatic polyester composition under melting conditions, and subjecting the resulting extrudate to a curing treatment.

Abstract: This invention provides a substantially transparent curable coating composition which upon curing with ultraviolet radiation converts into a glossy opaque film.The invention ultraviolet radiation curable coating composition comprises a homogeneous blend of (1) polyvinyl butyral, (2) vinyl acetate, (3) trimethylolpropane triacrylate and/or pentaerythritol triacrylate, and (4) a photoinitiator.

Abstract: A method of desensitizing carbonless paper by subjecting N-vinyl pyrrolidone and a free radical copolymerizable compound having at least one terminal ethylenic group per molecule in situ to ultra violet radiation.

Abstract: A method for the production of thermoplastic polyester compositions comprising mixing a normally flammable thermoplastic polyester, preferably containing at least 80% by weight of repeating units of ethylene terephthalate, tetramethylene, terephthalate or ethylene-1:2-diphenoxyethane-4,4'-dicarboxylate units, an effective amount of fire-retardant additives and an aqueous colloidal dispersion of PTFE, subjecting the mixture to conditions under which the polyester becomes molten and removing volatile materials from the melt.

Abstract: Two basic methods for texturizing or structurizing high-polymer materials are disclosed. One method resides in selectively irradiating a high-polymer material so as to form chemically active species in the material. The material is contacted with a treating medium which reacts with the chemically active species in such a manner as to cause shrinkage of the material. The texturizing or structurizing effects are due to the fact that the irradiated areas of the material will shrink to a different extent in dependence upon the concentration of the chemically active species and/or that the irradiated areas of the material will shrink to a different extent than the nonirradiated areas of the material. The other method resides in homogeneously irradiating a high-polymer material so as to form chemically active species in the material. The chemically active species in certain areas of the material are at least partially destroyed by contacting selected areas of the material with a suitable medium.

Abstract: An improved photopolymerizable composition based on acrylic or methacrylic acid esters is disclosed. In addition to the mono- or polyfunctional acrylic or methacrylic acid ester compounds, an aliphatic, aromatic or mixed aliphatic-aromatic organic phosphite compound (in an amount of from about 0.1 to 20 percent by weight of the photopolymerizable ester compounds) and a monoketal of an aromatic 1,2-diketone compound (e.g., benzildimethylketal) are included as ultraviolet initiators to dramatically reduce the polymerization time of the composition without adversely affecting its stability.

Abstract: Ethylenically unsaturated compositions such as acrylic and methacrylic acid esters, vinyl esters, vinyl halides, unsaturated amides such as acrylamide, vinyl aromatics such as styrene, and various aliphatic and aromatic polyesters containing any of the above or other modifying components such as maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic and the like, are very effectively and rapidly cured with certain 5-halo-6-halomethyluracil photoinitiators. These curable systems have extensive utility in the surface coatings industry, particularly in regard to cured protective coatings.

Abstract: Hydrophilic polymers are formed in situ by irradiating a mixture of hydroxyalkyl methacrylate and a cross linking agent. The former polymer is optically clear and free of voids, obviating the discoloration and discontinuity deficiencies characterizing prior art polymerization employing foreign substances such as solvents, dispersing agents, catalysts and the like.In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, the hydrophilic polymer may be formed as a coating on a glass, plastic or other substrate.

Abstract: A shaped article of an aromatic carbonate polymer and a polyester derived from cyclohexanedimethanol and a mixture of iso- and terephthalic acids.

Abstract: Energy curable compositions which can be cured in the presence of air by exposure to actinic radiation contain at least one unsaturated urethane oligomer, said oligomer comprising the reaction product of at least one unsaturated active hydrogen-containing compound; at least one polyisocyanate; and at least one polyetherester, said polyetherester having in its main chain the residue of at least one poly(alkylene oxide) polyol.

Abstract: The voltage stability of crosslinked compositions of fluorocarbon polymers and conductive carbon black that exhibit a positive temperature coefficient of resistance can be improved by incorporating into the composition prior to its crosslinking an effective amount of a polymerizable polyethylenically unsaturated monomer such as, for example, triallylisocyanurate.

Abstract: Crosslinked polyvinyl chloride foams are formed by first expanding a polyvinyl chloride containing plastisol comprising a blowing agent, and a reactive crosslinking plasticizer to form a foamed composition and then subjecting the foamed composition to irradiation to crosslink the foamed composition via the crosslinking plasticizer.

Abstract: Foamed radiation-crosslinked high density polyethylenes having substantially closed cells and uniform structure are made from radiation-crosslinked high density polyethylene compositions comprising thermosensitive foaming agents by heating such compositions while excluding molecular oxygen from contact therewith during that heating and foaming step. Oxygen is excluded by providing an oxygen-free inert gas atmosphere or by submerging the foamable material beneath the surface of a body of liquid heat transfer medium during the heating and foaming step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mixtures comprising about 60% by weight to 5% by weight of aromatic polycarbonates which have a Mw between about 60,000 and 120,000 (component A) and about 40% by weight to 95% by weight of aromatic polycarbonates which have a Mw between about 28,000 and 40,000 (component B), as well as to processes for their preparation and their use for the production of shaped articles. The melt which can be prepared from the mixtures according to the invention has a high stability and the films obtainable therefrom have a high resistance towards stress cracking.

Abstract: A glare-reducing coating to aid visual inspection of bright surfaces such as on printed circuit boards and assemblies, which, when applied from a liquid solution, selectively diffuses light on metal surfaces while remaining transparent over plastic substrates. The optical, tack-free coating is readily cleaned from surfaces by conventional soldering flux solvents and aqueous cleaning solutions. The tack-free, solderable coating greatly aids the visual inspection of the coated circuit board by eliminating spectral glare, and becomes transparent when heated to soldering temperature to indicate the area of rework. The coating comprises a combination of a thermoplastic rosin, suitable as a soldering flux, and DMSO in a suitable solvent, preferably consisting of or including chlorinated solvents such as methylene dichloride, thus to insure a non-flammable coating which is readily applied by dipping, brushing, or spraying.

Abstract: An acrylonitrile polymer composition comprising an admixture of(I) 30 to 80 weight % of an acrylonitrile polymer containing at least 40 weight % acrylonitrile;(II) 10 to 80 weight % of a chlorine containing polymer having a chlorine content of at least 20 weight %; and(III) 0.5 to 10 weight % of an A-B block copolymer in which B is acrylonitrile and A is a monomer copolymerizable with monomer B.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a normally-tacky pressure-sensitive adhesive which comprises subjecting a solventless radiation-sensitive acrylate-containing polymerizable mass to radiation in the near UV region, at a rate of from about 0.1 to 7 milliwatts per square centimeter of the mass exposed.

Abstract: A process for the production of hard plastic foams, using a polyvinylchloride base, from a mixture of polyvinylchloride, at least one temporary softener and at least one expansion agent, wherein the mixture is heated, cooled and expanded. A polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one double linkage is used as the softener. The polymerization of such monomer is carried out after complete expansion by means of ionizing rays.