Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing a catalytic solution of a sulfonium salt of a complex anion, capable of yielding a Lewis Acid when irradiated by UV or high energy ionizing radiation comprising reacting a sulfonium halide with an alkali metal salt of the complex anion in a solvent mixture containing a polyol having at least two hydroxy groups and a lactone.
Abstract: Irradiated film having substantial uniformity in the radiation dosage profile is produced by irradiating the film within a trough having lateral deflection blocks disposed adjacent the film edges for deflecting electrons toward the surface of the trough bottom for further deflecting the electrons toward the film edge.
Abstract: A process for preparing photopolymerizable photosensitizing compounds which comprises addition reacting a specific benzophenone derivative with an alkylene oxide to obtain a hydroxyl group-containing reaction product which is then esterified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or addition reacted with glycidyl acrylate; the photopolymerizable photosensitizing compounds; and photocurable compositions comprising the photopolymerizable photosensitizing compound.
Abstract: Polymer compositions which have accelerated rates of degradation on exposure to ultraviolet radiation, e.g. direct sunlight in an outdoor environment, comprise a blend of a major proportion of a normal, standard synthetic polymer, e.g. polyethylene, and a minor proportion of a graft or block copolymer of a ketone group containing monomer, e.g. methyl vinyl ketone, graft or block copolymerized onto a backbone polymer e.g. of polyethylene. The composition can be molded, extruded and otherwise fabricated in the normal way to produce disposable, photodegradable plastic articles such as containers, wrapping films and the like.
Abstract: Compounds useful as crosslinking agents have the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently vinyl, allyl, methallyl, propargyl, crotyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 alkyl, aryl or inert group substituted derivatives thereof and where X is a saturated or unsaturated alkylene moiety having up to 12 carbon atoms saturated or unsaturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 heteroaliphatic, C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 heteroaromatic, C.sub.5 -C.sub.18 alicyclic or C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 heterocyclic, where n and m are independently 0 or integers of from 1-12 inclusive. These compounds are particularly useful as crosslinking agents for high temperature processable (>200.degree.) polymers, especially fluorocarbon polymers. Also described are polymer compositions comprising from about 0.1 weight percent to about 50 weight percent of said crosslinking agent or mixture of said crosslinking agents.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 13, 1977
Date of Patent:
November 27, 1979
Assignee:
Raychem Corporation
Inventors:
Alan J. Gotcher, Paul B. Germeraad, Larry J. White
Abstract: Thermoplastic, crosslinkable copolymer is produced by reacting an active-hydrogen containing initiator with a lactone monomer, such as epsilon-caprolactone, and a polyfunctional acrylate, such as neopentyl glycol diacrylate. The copolymer can be crosslinked by exposure to ionizing or actinic radiation or by free-radical peroxide catalysts. The degree of crosslinking can be controlled to produce a material which is thermoplastically processable and displays modified rheological properties which make it more easily processable than the corresponding lactone homopolymer.
Abstract: A photoinitiating composition is disclosed which is useful for incorporating into an ethylenically-unsaturated photopolymerizable mass and which comprises a peroxygen-containing naphthalenic compound or an organic peroxygen-containing compound and naphthalene or substituted naphthalene.
Abstract: A process for the production of cross-linked resilient automotive body components having a cured surface coating from a thermoplastic elastomeric composition substantially free from added vulcanizing or free-radical inducing agents comprises: Fabricating an uncured component from said composition; applying to the component a radiation-curable surface coating; and simultaneously curing the surface coating and cross-linking the composition comprising the fabricated component by exposing the coated component to high-energy ionizing radiation.
Abstract: There are provided compositions comprising a polyphenylene ether and a hydrogenated block copolymer such as copolymers of the A-B-A type wherein A designates a polymerized mono-alkenyl aromatic hydrocarbon block such as polystyrene and B designates a polymeric diene block which has had its unsaturation reduced by hydrogenation to less than 10% of the original unsaturation. These compositions have excellent impact resistance.
Abstract: Highly water absorbent films and fibers are prepared by photopolymerizing an alkaline metal salt of acrylic acid, at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate wherein the alkyl group contains 10 to 30 carbon atoms, at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a photoinitiator. The resulting interpolymers are particularly useful in the preparation of highly absorbent personal hygiene and care products.
Abstract: Thermosetting resin compositions containing unsaturated polyester resins which have been modified with a dicyclopentadiene. The polyester resins are blended with a mixture of vinyl aromatic monomers and dicyclopentadiene alkenoate. The resin compositions are useful to make fibrous reinforcement laminates. The use of the dicyclopentadiene alkenoate accelerates the rate at which hardness develops during room temperature cure.
Abstract: Unsaturated hydantoin derivatives of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl, R.sub.3 is vinyl, allyl, alkylene, substituted alkylene or polyvalent aralkyl, R.sub.4 is vinyl or allyl and n is 1 to 3, are coagents for curing polymeric compositions to improve their physical, chemical and electrical properties. These coagents are particularly useful in crosslinking PVC, polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene and poly(ethylene/vinyl acetate) compositions.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 13, 1978
Date of Patent:
September 11, 1979
Assignee:
Ciba-Geigy Corporation
Inventors:
Hyman W. Zussman, Martin Knell, Martin Dexter
Abstract: A vinylidene chloride copolymer film having excellent bubble stability in an inflation-stretching process and excellent cold resistance is prepared by inflation-stretching a tubular amorphous substance obtained by melt-extruding and quenching a composition comprising vinylidene chloride copolymer, a miscible type elastomer (A component) and a particle dispersion type elastomer (B component) in a range surrounded by the lines (a), (b), (c) and (d) ##EQU1## WHEREIN A WEIGHT PERCENT OF THE B component to total elastomers is plotted on X axis (abscissa) and a weight percent of total content of the A component and the B component to total components is plotted on Y axis (ordinate).
Abstract: A process for preparing a mixture based on a rubberlike copolymer of ethylene, at least one other alpha-alkene and one or more polyenes and tackifying resins which has good building tack.This good building tack can be obtained if the copolymer contains C.dbd.C bonds positioned in the non linear part of the polymer chains, the carbon atoms of which C.dbd.C bonds either have two hydrocarbon groups which are in vicinal cis relative positions and which do not form part of the same cyclic system, or have at least three hydrocarbon groups. In order to obtain the desired high building tack value the mixture must show in unvulcanized state an elongation at break of at least 500% and a tensile strength lying between 1.5 and 50 kg/cm.sup.2. The mixture must be subjected to an artificial light source radiating light with a wave length of between 200 and 300 nm and impacting a radiated energy to the mixture of at least 2 microwatts/cm.sup.2 per nm in the presence of oxygen and a photosensitizer.
Abstract: The present invention concerns novel photopolymerizable formulations which comprise a photopolymerizable system in association with a photosensitizing amount of the compound of formula ##STR1## WHEREIN R is an unsubstituted or substituted binuclear aromatic group, e.g. phenoxy phenyl,M is 0, 1 or 2 andHal is halogen.
Abstract: Compositions comprising poly (vinyl alkyl ether), a liquid monoacrylate monomer and photoinitiator cure upon exposure to radiation to form pressure sensitive adhesives having an excellent balance of peel strength, shear time, and quick stick.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 30, 1977
Date of Patent:
August 21, 1979
Assignee:
Union Carbide Corporation
Inventors:
Kenneth C. Stueben, Raymond G. Azrak, Michael F. Patrylow
Abstract: Binderless ink compositions suitable for use in jet printing operations on polymeric resin surfaces to form images which are highly resistant to abrasion and to steam pasteurization conditions by virtue of penetration of the colorant into the sub-surface structure of the resin, in contrast to conventional ink images secured on the surface of a substrate by binders incorporated in the ink composition. The preferred inks contain a basic or neutral dye, a water and alcohol solvent system, a surfactant, an aliphatic ketone or ester and, as a preferred optional agreement, an aliphatic hydrocarbon of 8-12 carbons.
Abstract: A method of curing a photo-curable coating composition comprises multi-stage irradiation steps with actinic radiations in the presence of air: the initial step involving irradiation with actinic radiation having wavelengths in a range from about 185 to 500 millimicrons with dominant wavelength or wavelengths between about 380 and 420 millimicrons and the subsequent step involving irradiation with another actinic radiation of wavelengths within the same range as those of the radiation used for the initial step but having dominant wavelength or wavelengths within a range shorter than those of the radiation used therefor and the initial irradiation being effected so as to cure the lower part of the coating layer with the surface portion thereof left uncured and the subsequent irradiation leading to the full cure of the surface portion thereof.
Abstract: Crosslinked polymeric compositions, useful as electrical insulators, heat shrinkable packaging, and lightweight foam plastics, are described. The crosslinked polymeric compositions are produced by admixing a diacetylene monomer, oligomer, polymer or mixture thereof, wherein the monomer has the formula, RNHCO--O--CH.sub.2 --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--CH.sub.2 --O--OCNHR' in which R and R' are the same or different and are alkyl containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, with a thermoplastic crosslinkable polymer and then subjecting the resulting mixture to actinic radiation.
Abstract: A coating composition is disclosed which is curable under the influence of ultraviolet light and which comprises a U.V.-curable binder, a photoinitiator and as accelerator a tetrahydro-1,3-oxazine compound and/or an oxazolidine compound. The U.V.-curable binder is preferably an adduct containing at least one isocyanate group of (a) an acrylic or methacrylic hydroxy ester having 5 to 20 carbon atoms and (b) a polyisocyanate having 4 to 40 carbon atoms and 2 to 4 isocyanate groups.