Abstract: A vacuum discharge device comprising an insulating envelop having metallic layers formed by a metallizing process respectively on the opposite ends thereof, electrodes disposed within the insulating envelop, and sealing members brazed respectively to the metallic layers. The insulating envelop is a hollow, cylindrical ceramic member having a substantially uniform wall thickness between each wavy inner ridges, or each crest of wavy ridges. The inner creeping length and outer creeping length of the insulating evelop are greater than the distance between the sealing members or between the metallic layers.

Abstract: A chip carrying member (1) such as a film carrier carrying a chip (10) and elastic spacers (2, 3) are stacked to form an elementary unit with adjusting its thickness. By using an aligning aperture (12) of a thin sheet (1), a plurality of the elementary units are stacked to form a laminated structure. From a side surface of the laminated structure, leads (13) are extended to be connected to a wiring board (241), or after the leads (13) are buried in an insulator (8), the leads (13) and insulator (8) are abraded to form a coplanar surface and then a wiring layer (82) for interconnecting is formed on the abraded surface. A usual chip can be mounted on the chip carrying member (1) without any work with a high accuracy in alignment of the lamination and furthermore with a high accuracy in a lamination pitch of the chip carrying member (1), so that the leads (13) of the chip (10) can be wired precisely and finely. A low cost and high density three-dimensional packaging structure can be realized.

Abstract: An integrated circuit assembly (10) includes a bipolar VLSI die (12) contained in a multilayer ceramic pin-grid array package (14). A bonding shelf (18) defined on a single ceramic layer contains an inner row (20) of bonding pads (26) and an outer row (22) of bonding pads (28). Bonding wires (30, 32) extend from bonding pads (34) on the die to the opposing pads on the inner and outer rows to provide an electrical interface between the die and the package. The inner and outer bonding pads are connected by metallized fingers to conductive pads (61, 65) which provide a power and signal interface with an incorporating system.The inner pads include metallized vias (24) to metallized segments on a layer other than that on which the bonding shelf is defined. Thus, the metallized fingers including the inner row of pads can extend to the pins while passing above or below, rather than between, adjacent pads of the outer row.

Abstract: A high-voltage semiconductor device is set forth having a passivation scheme able to shelter the device from both external charges and internal charges. In particular, the distribution of electric fields in the device is altered to make it less vulnerable to the presence of internal charges.

Abstract: Improved switchblade-type, air dielectric switchgear apparatus is provided which utilizes a minimum of supporting insulators and incorporates readily field-replaceable bushing assemblies so that the switchgear apparatus may be serviced in the field using only conventional tools. In preferred forms, the switchgear apparatus includes internal switch assemblies making use of substantially vertically oriented switchblades mounted for pivotal movement about an elevated, generally horizontal axis located above the corresponding stationary contacts. The replaceable bushing assemblies are advantageously mounted at a level for interconnection with the upper ends of associated switchblades, and the assemblies include a conical outermost connection and adapted to receive a line connecting elbow, together with an elongated, inwardly extending, electrically conductive intermediate portion carrying an innermost terminal.

Abstract: A circuit breaker with arc-extinguishing structure comprises a protrusion (5b) formed on an arc running surface (5a) of arc-runner (5) for smoothly moving an arc, and thus the arc is quickly extinguished.

Abstract: A contact element for a power switch which, in order to open or close the switch, cooperates with an opposite element, with a transitory rotating electric arc forming between the contact element and the opposite element when the switch is operated. The contact element has an electrode part which includes a portion made of an electrically conductive material. This portion defines a contact surface, with the electrode part having a defined width and being curved in the direction of the width to have the form of an open loop having a connecting end and a free end. A current may be introduced approximately tangentially to the open loop at its connecting end, and the free end is spaced from the connecting end in the direction toward the interior of the loop by a distance which is less than the defined width.

Abstract: A switch apparatus comprising a switch mechanism including a first contact, and a second contact movable into and out of engagement with the first contact for respectively closing and opening the switch mechanism, an operating rod assembly connected to the second contact for moving the second contact into and out of engagement with the first contact in response to movement of the operating rod assembly, the operating rod assembly including an operating rod having an outer surface, a first end adapted to be connected to a prime mover, and an opposite second end, and a conductive member connected to the second end of the operating rod and to the second contact, the conductive member having a construction for reducing the magnitude of electrical stress adjacent the outer surface and for positioning electrical stress away from the outer surface, and a pressure vessel for enclosing the switch mechanism and the operating rod assembly and surrounding the switch mechanism and the assembly with dielectric gas.

Abstract: An arc extinguishing chamber for an electrical switchgear device, notably a circuit breaker or a current limiting unit, comprises an almost tightly sealed case made of gas-producing insulating material to house separable contacts with electrodynamic repulsion. The movable contact, in the shape of a bridge, appreciably follows the internal configuration of the case playing the role of a piston arranged on both sides of a first compartment generating pressure due to the action of the arc, and a second compartment communicating with the first via a minimal clearance J. The pressure in the second compartment is lower than that in the first compartment. Magnetic circuits can be arranged to accelerate the movable contact to the open position.

Abstract: A high- or medium-tension compressed gas circuit breaker taking circuit-breaking energy from the arc, the circuit breaker being of the type comprising:a fixed assembly including main contacts (8a) and arc contacts (21a);a moving assembly including main contacts (26) and arc contacts (25);a blast volume (VI) including a piston (12) which moves on contact separation and urges compressed gas through a blast nozzle (7) which opens over the zone where a main arc forms when the arc contacts separate, anda set of auxiliary contacts (22a, 21c) in series with the arc contacts for creating an auxiliary arc in the volume (V2) situated behind the piston,the circuit breaker further including means (23, 24) for allowing the auxiliary contacts to separate only when the pressure in the blast zone reaches a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: An electrical vacuum interrupter comprising a pair of separable contacts enclosed within a vacuum enclosure whose walls have joints formed of a polymeric material which can maintain sufficient vacuum, mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties to permit proper operation. Major part of the vacuum enclosure, in addition to the joint, may be formed of a polymeric material. A method of assembly is provided that avoids need for high temperatures and includes use of electrical discharge between the contacts for cleaning the interior of the vacuum enclosure.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier system for a vacuum switch is disclosed comprising: a dielectric barrier having three generally flat elongated rectangular walls, and means for holding the barrier at a spaced distance apart from the vacuum switch and from a high voltage conductor which is disposed at a spaced distance from the sides of the switch and along a path which includes a position which is generally adjacent to the opposite end to which the conductor is connected to the vacuum switch.

Abstract: An arc extinguishing chamber with plates, for a high-rating low voltage circuit breaker, interrupts an arc generated by a multiple contact system having a set of movable main contacts and a movable arcing contact cooperating with corresponding stationary contacts fixed onto a contact terminal. A lower arcing horn is fixed to the terminal by means of three screws with an insulating shield interposed. A pair of jaws with an inclined portion follows the outline of the plates up to the vicinity of intermediate arc catching ridges disposed symmetrically in relation to the center line passing through the V-shaped notch.

Abstract: A release mechanism for a high speed circuit breaker comprises a roller rotatably supported on an axle in a mobile contact bridge. A jack is acting in the circuit closing direction on the roller, and the frontal side of the jack is in the form of a slide. The force of a disconnecting spring acts on the contact bridge in a disconnecting direction. The release mechanism to be provided with the connected contact bridge is capable of very rapid release, so that high short circuit currents may be interrupted very rapidly. This is obtained by the slide having a configuration such that in the connected state of the contact bridge the frictional forces acting on the roller are compensated.

Abstract: Arc-confining structure for an electric circuit interrupter has an arc-exposed portion constructed of an electrical insulating material that is the thermosetting reaction product of the constituents of a mixture consisting essentially of the following constituents in the following percentages by weight of the mixture:(a) 25 to 55 percent granular high-forsterite olivine,(b) 20 to 50 percent of a second granual constituent consisting essentially of silica sand, and(c) 15 to 28 percent phosphoric acid.The mixture is essentially free of asbestos.

Abstract: A double pole, double throw rocking contactor switch is operable as a reversing switch by particularly configured stationary contacts at the corresponding ends of the respective poles. Stationary contacts are formed electrically common out of a single member having the stationary contact of one pole formed to be disposed below the rocking contactor and the stationary contact of the other pole formed to be disposed above its respective contactor. Accordingly, one contactor engages the upper surface of a stationary contact while the other end of the other contactor engages the under surface of the opposite stationary contact for a given stable position of the actuator, thereby causing the respective contactors to engage stationary contacts at respective opposite ends of the contactors, accomplishing the reversing function internally of the switch without special cross connect conductors, thereby permitting press-in wire terminations to be utilized.

Abstract: A cylindrical coil conductor incorporated in a vacuum interrupter comprises a cylindrical body with a plurality of inclined slits therein defining a plurality of current paths. The coil conductor is uniformly cylindrical to reduce radial magnetic fields, which tend to cancel the axial magnetic field generated by the coil conductor. The cylindrical coil conductor electrically connects to a conductor disk and to a main electrode and the conductor disk electrically connects to a conductor rod. A support rod attaches to the main electrode and extends through the coil conductor and conductor disk to reduce mechanical stress on the coil conductor. A second cylindrical coil conductor is mounted in an opposing manner with inclined slits defining current paths in parallel to the slits in the first coil conductor. The current paths in the two coil conductors comprise one-turn current flow generating a uniform axial magnetic field to permit uniform distribution of the arc current between the main electrodes.

Abstract: An assembly adapted to commutate arcs from between the main contacts of a circuit breaker to an arcing contact such that a single arc at the arcing contact can be extinguished and dispersed within an arc chute. The assembly is adapted to be pivotally attached to the ends of the main contact carrying arms and includes arc channeling members joined to form a contact surface. An arcing contact can be fixed to the contact surface such that the arcs from the main contacts are channelled into one arc at the arcing contact.

Abstract: An integrated circuit chip packaging structure, preferably having a semiconductor base substrate, i.e., silicon or gallium arsenide, alternating insulation and conductive layers on the base structure, at least two conductive layers being patterned into thin film wiring (i.e., thin film copper of approximately 5 microns), semiconductor integrated circuit chips connected to the upper-most patterned conductive layer, and means to connected the packaging structure to the next level of packaging (i.e., board or card).The thin film wiring layers typically each having coplanar ground, power and signal lines, with at least one power or ground line existing between coplanar signal lines to minimize cross talk. To facilitate efficient power distribution, lines of specific power levels of the patterned planes are connected to lines of the same power level on other patterned planes to form three dimensional power planes.

Abstract: In a circuit breaker, an arc is produced between a pair of switchable contact members when these contact members are opened due to overcurrent. An arc extinguishing apparatus is employed to extinguish an arc produced between the opened contact members. The arc extinguishing apparatus includes a plurality of U-shaped metal arc extinguishing plates which are stacked, and a pair of insulating plates made of a synthetic resin. These insulating plates are mounted on both inside surfaces of leg portions of the extinguishing plates.