Abstract: In a process for casting a plate grid for a lead-acid storage battery comprising the steps of preparing a casting die assembly including two interengagable die halves between which is formed a casting cavity to cast a plate grid therein and pouring a molten metal of lead or lead alloy into said casting cavity to form said plate grid therein, an air in said casting cavity is vented through gaps between said die halves and then through a narrow air passage in at least one venting member received in either of said die halves so that said venting member is flush with the casting surface of the corresponding die half, said venting member at the top surface having cavity forming portions operatively associated with said die halves.

Abstract: A plant for producing bimetallic sleeves by pouring molten so called babbitt metal into the space of a sleeve being rotated. The plant comprises a head stock and a tail stock mounted on a bed, the tail stock being slidable along the axis of the sleeve being babbitted, each mounting means for centering and clamping the sleeve that is poured in between them with the help of cones set up on the head and the tail stocks.The tail stock mounts a pouring device wherein the babbitt metal to be poured into the sleeve is delivered by a batcher. The pouring device includes a feed funnel adapted to receive the molten babbitt from the batcher, a pipe enclosed in the axis of the sleeve, a connecting pipe supplying the molten babbitt from the feed funnel into the pipe, and a chute onto which the molten babbitt is delivered from the pipe through an opening provided therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for forming a part including a bore with a bearing integrally cast thereto, the thus formed part and apparatus for this forming the part. The process includes hot machining a bore into a billet in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and introducing molten bearing material, e.g., molten bronze about a mandrel positioned in the bore while maintaining the billet, the mandrel and the bearing material in the non-oxidizing atmosphere. The mandrel is drawn from the bore while the bearing material is cooled by cooling and solidifying means therein adjacent an end of the mandrel which is last to exit the bore. The cooling is sufficient to progressively solidify the material as the mandrel is drawn through it and out of the bore.

Abstract: A layer of metal is cast on a surface of a metal backing and while the cast metal is still molten, a varying electromagnetic force is generated along an edge of the strip which induces electric currents in the molten metal. The resulting mechanical force exerted in the molten metal is such that the metal is restrained from flowing to the edge of the strip.

Abstract: A crucible for melting, and particularly for heat retention and pouring of metals, in particular light metal- or zinc- alloys, with a heat source arranged inside of the melt. A heat source tube extends in a bridge-like manner between the crucible walls, with heating elements entering from a front end of the heat source tube.

Abstract: The mold is preheated to a temperature above the maximum local casting temperature prior to casting of the melt and is also cooled to obtain a variation of temperatures throughout the mold. The resulting temperature gradient of the mold is intended to maintain the heat content per unit volume in the unsolidified melt portions greater than in the adjacent solidified melt portions to compensate for the latent heat of solidification in the melt and thus avoid shrinkholes and blowholes.

Abstract: A method of cladding copper or copper alloys to a steel substrate by an aluminothermic reduction reaction utilizing an exothermic reaction material which is principally a mixture of calcium-silicon alloy, aluminum, cupric oxide and a metal.

Abstract: An automated apparatus for sequentially forming integrally fused battery terminals on a plurality of storage batteries is described wherein a head means having a mold means adjustably mounted thereon is automatically movable with respect to a vertical axis, and has slidably mounted thereon a burning means for automatically producing a variable intensity flame for melting said battery elements to form said integrally fused battery terminal during a vertical stroke thereof. A novel molding means is described comprising a structural member composed of aluminum or other high heat transfer material, which is adapted to interchangeably engage an aluminum mold member which mates with a structural housing and which actually forms the voids in which the melting and casting processes take place. The mold members, which are also composed of aluminum or other high heat transfer material, are provided with a novel mold coating consisting essentially of aluminum oxide formed through a hard surface anodizing process.

Abstract: A biskeletal composite is created by forming a skeletal host body of reaction bonded silicon nitride, heating an infiltrant material, and applying pressure to such infiltrant to thereby force such infiltrant into the void volume of the porous host body. In one aspect of the method, the application of pressure is done rapidly to impart desirable characteristics to the composite.

Abstract: There is disclosed a casting wheel for a continuous casting machine of the wheel and belt type, the wheel having two flanges, at least one of which being a drive flange supporting a casting ring mechanically coupled thereto by means of a plurality of cavities provided peripherally in the flange and open towards the inside of the wheel and by clamp means arranged in these cavities and clamping the peripheral rim of the flange with the possibility of relative movement between the casting ring and the flange under thermal expansion and contraction. The clamping may occur by interposition of inserts of wear-resistant material. The clamp means may be made of two parts held together by resilient means and may be housed in the cavities with a certain radial and axial clearance to be themselves displaceable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for casting steel slugs which utilizes a measured charge of molten steel discharged centrally of a rotating table having radial channels to distribute the metal rapidly to circumferentially-spaced, individual, trunnion-mounted receptacles at the end of each channel. The receptacles are designed to have a center of gravity outside the trunnion axis when empty, and inside the trunnion axis when charged. After a predetermined cooling period, a mechanical latch release allows the rotating, loaded receptacles to dump radially to a suitable conveyor and the cycle may be repeated.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a mold containing an improved core for use in casting hollow, metallic articles. The core is formed of, or covered with, a layer of cellular material which possesses sufficient strength to maintain its structural integrity during casting, but will crush to alleviate the internal stresses that build up if the normal contraction during solidification and cooling is restricted.

Abstract: At least one element of a superalloy cast into a refractory oxide-silica investment mold is oxidized to form a metal oxide barrier layer at the mold-metal interface to permit directional solidification of the cast superalloy at elevated temperatures without metal-mold reaction.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for changing the secondary cooling during continuous casting of steel, especially when changing the shape or format, wherein the strand surface is impinged by cooling agent jets produced by means of spray nozzles, the impingement of the cooling agent jets being in a direction transverse to the direction of travel of the cast strand. Upon changing the format of the strand to be cast there is altered the perpendicular distance of the nozzles from the strand surface and thus the cooling. According to the invention upon changing this distance and/or the spray angle of at least two nozzles located adjacent one another and transversely with respect to the strand, the mutual deviations of the impinged surfaces at the strand brought about by such change and the thus brought about change in the cooling are compensated by adjusting the distance between the nozzles.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with an ingot casting mould closed at both its ends and comprising a first section the bottom wall of which is provided with a refractory layer, intended to receive a molten metal stream, a second section having an inclined bottom rising progressively from the adjacent edge of this layer and a third section having a flat bottom connected to the upper edge of the inclined bottom of said second section. This ingot casting mould is particularly suitable for the casting of materials such as ferromanganese which are highly corrosive with respect to cast iron.

Abstract: A device for adjusting the quantity of molten metal used in pressure casting has a pump pumping molten metal up from a supply container to a pressure chamber and to a level-determining tank having an adjustable overflow. Hydrostatic pressure balances the levels in the level-determining tank and the pressure chamber so that adjusting the overflow also adjusts the level of metal in the pressure chamber.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for monitoring and obviating deformation of the shell of continuous castings. Reference pick ups are used to measure from a reference line the bulging of the casting shell between adjacent guiding rollers and to measure the instantaneous distance of the guide rollers from the reference line. The differential between these measurements is determined and in accordance therewith the casting travel speel and/or quantity of coolant is regulated to avoid undesired bulging.

Abstract: A continuous casting system provides with a foreign matter receiving gutter between two adjacent rolls to receive foreign matters dropping during the drawing operation of castings, and a foreign matter removing nozzle to wash away the foreign matter dropped on the gutter. An electromagnetic agitator of the continuous casting system is provided with a proximity switch at least at its inlet side to sense a magnetic substance approaching the agitator thereby to control the operation of the agitator, thus eliminating troubles caused by the vibration of the magnetic substance.

Abstract: A continuous casting apparatus having a mold, a device for withdrawing the cast object from the mold object for sopporting the cast object during withdrawal, an electromagnetic agitator at a position along the path of the withdrawn cast object opposite the crater of molten metal within the cast object, and a plurality of rolls of non-magnetic material in the vicinity of the electromagnetic agitator for supporting the cast object being withdrawn from the mold. The electromagnetic agitator has a core on opposite sides of the path of the cast object having a plurality of deep slots therein facing the cast object, coils wound around the cores at the bottoms of the deep slots, and a housing of non-magnetic material over the cores on opposite sides of the path of the cast object. The housing for the cores has a head over the portions of the cores between the slots and tapering toward the path of the cast object, the housing protecting the core and the coils.

Abstract: A bonding tool for ultrasonically bonding wire leads is provided with a bonding tip having a pitted bonding surface thereby providing improved tool gripping action with respect to the lead that is being bonded.