Abstract: An auto-strobe flash means for cameras which comprises a variable resistor inserted in a light measuring circuit of an electronic exposure time controlling arrangement for a shutter, the resistance value being a function of the photographing distance. A main flash discharge tube is ignited when the shutter is fully opened, and a differential amplifier is provided for controlling the shutter closing time in response to the value of the variable resistor.

Abstract: An artificial illumination control system is provided for a photographic camera for operation in a manner whereby under extremely low levels of ambient light intensity, the control system initiates the energization of a source of artificial illumination at a predetermined time period subsequent to the initiation of the exposure interval while under conditions of substantially higher levels of ambient light intensity, the control system initiates the energization of the source of artificial illumination as a consequence of the time integration of the scene light intensity incident to a photoresponsive element reaching a predetermined value. Hence, the artificial illumination control system may be automatically operated in both a normal flash mode and a "fill-in flash" mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the flash photographic system for camera which is characterized in that the system presents a safety device for preventing various misoperations generally apt to take place at the time of taking a photograph by using a flash light device. By means of the operation of this device, the shutter time is set at a certain determined time for taking a photograph under flash light with the shutter time setting means at the camera side whereby the flash light photographic mode setting signal can be obtained only when the light device is set at the state ready for flash lighting in such a manner that the camera is capable of taking a photograph under flash light only when this signal is obtained.

Abstract: A camera has a cavity for receiving a self-processing film cassette and includes an automatic exposure control circuit and a flash device which are provided with energizing contacts located in the cassette receiving cavity. The film cassette houses a battery connected to contacts mounted on the cassette and engaging the cavity contacts when the cassette is received in the cavity. The exposure circuit responds to a photosensitive element exposed to the objective traversing light reflected by the film at the objective focal plane. The camera includes a synchronous switch whose closing position responds to the focussing of the objective lens.

Abstract: A lighting fixture for a luminaire, such as that for an outdoor floodlight, has all of the electrical components for the luminaire, including the lamp socket, mounted on a tray that is removable from the fixture. The lamp socket is affixed to the tray at a location such that it properly positions a lamp inserted therein with respect to an optical system. By using standardized trays with various different ballasts and other electrical component variations, the same floodlight housing may be utilized for a variety of lamp types and power ratings.

Abstract: The invention discloses a shutter for a camera of the type comprising a light control mechanism which comprises a plurality of shutter blades, which may also function as the aperture control diaphragm, and driving means such as a stepping motor for intermittently driving the shutter blades to open and close them in response to shutter driving pulse signals; a circuit for generating the shutter blade driving pulse signals with a frequency or pulse spacing determined in response to the brightness of a subject; a circuit for reversing the direction of drive of the driving means a predetermined time, which is dependent upon the brightness of the subject, after the shutter blades are started to open; a circuit for controlling the frequency or pulse spacing of the driving pulse signals; and a driving circuit for controlling the driving means in response to the outputs of the pulse generating circuit and of the driving direction reversing circuit.

Abstract: Exposure control for an image projecting system, particularly for a projection system in which an image is projected from an illuminated object plane through a lens and onto an image plane of a copier of the full frame exposure type. Illumination means are employed for illuminating an object plane. Transducer means, preferably in the form of a photosensor, are provided in the light path and on the image side of a lens for primarily sensing the intensity of the light incident on the image plane. The transducer means produce an output signal which varies in accordance with the intensity of the projected image, and integrating means coupled to the transducer are adapted to produce a time integral output signal of the intensity of the illumination sensed by said transducer means. Means are further provided for discontinuing the illumination of the object plane by the illumination means when the time integral output signal reaches a predetermined level.

Abstract: An automatic density control device for photographic printers for sensing and correcting for a "subject failure" in a photographic negative, where the subject area of the negative is out of the optimum density ratio to the background area, which device includes a frusto-pyramidal radiation directing member having its enlarged end proximate to the negative and its small end remote therefrom and being positioned to receive the radiation from a source through the negative and having subject sensing means mounted at the central portion of the enlarged proximate end of said member to sense the radiation passing through the central subject area of the negative and also having background sensing means mounted at the diminished remote end to sense the radiation passing through the marginal portions of the negative and the marginal portions of the enlarged end of said member and including circuitry for comparing the signals produced by said subject sensing means and background sensing means and thus deriving a density

Abstract: A flash photographic exposure control system for a camera having an electrically timed shutter is provided with an additional electronic or mechanical timing device in combination with an electronic changeover switch responsive to attainment of the threshold level of the flash unit associated therewith. This is done to switch the camera from an automatic daylight exposure range to an automatic flash exposure range in which a particular timed interval suited for flash photography is made by the timing device which is brought into cooperation with the shutter operating means when the changeover switch is actuated, while the intrinsic timing device for the shutter being cut off from the control means for the shutter.

Abstract: A memory device is provided for storing a photometric quantity that is sensed and photoelectrically converted, by a light receiving element disposed in the light path of the finder of a single lens reflex camera, and used for determining a shutter speed or exposure time, which device includes an analogue-digital converter for conversion of the photometric quantity into a digital quantity, and which converter includes a digital-analogue converter having a plurality of storage elements which correspond in number to one more than the number of manually settable change-over steps of the shutter speed.

Abstract: A shutter device for a camera in which the film has frame perforations, is designed so that the operation means is functionally engaged with the film winding up mechanism in such a manner that the operation lever of the operation means moves as one body with the operation means during the shutter charging operation and is kept in a position which is out of engagement with the shutter charge means by a fixed stopping member during the film winding up operation following the shutter charging after the termination of the shutter charging.

Abstract: Digital timers for the electronic control of a camera shutter having a pulse generator and a number of binary dividers each associated with a resistor, the total of these resistors performing a digital to analog conversion and being connected to a common point. The potential of the common point being representative for the number of the binary dividers being in "1" state. A comparator actuating a shutter solenoid when the potential of the common point reaches a predetermined value. All the resistors having the same conductance so that at those times corresponding to powers of 2 (reference timing series) values of potential are formed, which correspond to the logarithm of the time obtained.

Abstract: A tree lighting assembly having a central electric conductor with an end adapted for connection to a source of electrical energy, a plurality of secondary electric conductors connected to the central electric conductor in spaced relation and individually having bifurcated distal portions, lights borne by the distal portions, and fasteners affixed on the lights having individual ornament attaching portions.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a slit shutter type of photographic camera which provides one cover system which would uncover the normal camera image window and another cover system following the first in operation after a selected and suitable time delay which will cover the window again. Each of the cover systems includes a folding blind and a means to fix the blind at one end and a rigid rail means connected at the other end to form one edge of the slit. There is also means to displace the rail along a substantially straight line.

Abstract: A camera shutter assembly is provided having segments which may be moved by electro-magnetic means. The diaphragm blades are also provided with electro-magnetic means and there are mechanical intermediate members so that the blades can be moved into an open position. Subsequently, the blades can be closed to a predetermined aperture setting by spring means. By these means the photographer can move the shutter segments and the diaphragm blades into open positions and thereafter back into their original positions to make intermediate observations from a single location.

Abstract: A photographic camera shutter is moved to open and returned to its closed position by electromagnetic actuating means. A special electronic circuit is connected with said actuating means to energize the electromagnetic device with sufficient potential to cause a smooth and rapid opening movement which then decreases to a lower potential during the time interval that the shutter is to be maintained in its open position.

Abstract: An exposure control system for a camera of the type provided with shutter preselection and diaphragm preselection automatic exposure ranges and with a manual exposure range. A switching arrangement responds to a selected range by selectively establishing one of three possible combinations of channels. These transmit photographic analog information from exposure control parameter setting means, which include means for preselection of a desired shutter time and/or diaphragm aperture to exposure determining means which have shutter and diaphragm control means, either directly or through a computer circuit. This switching arrangement is rendered less susceptible to and adapted for incorporation in a semiconductor device with integrated circuits normalized for various types of cameras including the type having an individual single exposure range and is amenable to relatively low cost unit production techniques.

Abstract: The control circuit for automatically controlling a diaphragm of a camera for the proper exposure has a servomotor coupled with the diaphragm and provided with a pair of coils each for driving a servomotor coupled with the diaphragm in the opposite direction upon energization thereof so as to open or close the diaphragm and a circuit including a photoelectric element adapted to receive scene light through the diaphragm so as to generate a first and a second input for the pair of coils varying in relation to each other in accordance with the scene light quantity passed through the diaphragm and received by the photoelectric element.

Abstract: Focusing apparatus for use in optical systems, such as photographing cameras, is disclosed. The focusing apparatus of the invention comprises an electronic system for developing, through either a single or two separate channels, pulse trains, the number of pulses contained in the pulse trains being related to the brightness of the image forming light received by the optical system as focused on photoconductive elements. The electronic system further includes a comparing subsystem for comparing the number of pulses included in the two pulse trains and, in accordance therewith, generating an information output signal related to the focus state of the optical system. Alternatively, the output signal may control a drive system adapted to move the imaging lens portion of the optical system toward focus.

Abstract: Light deflection apparatus is disclosed which uses a mirror to deflect a beam of light in response to an electromechanical transducer receiving an audio signal.