Abstract: A spread spectrum base station generates a plurality of spread spectrum signals. The spread spectrum signals encompass a selected frequency spectrum. Frequencies within the selected frequency spectrum having a high microwave power are detected. The spread spectrum signals are notch filtered at the detected frequencies. The notch filtered spread spectrum signals are transmitted.

Abstract: A Route Lookup Engine (RLE) for determining a next hop index is disclosed. The RLE receives a lookup key and performs a multi-bit trie search with prefix expansion and capture of a variable stride trie. The data that the RLE returns comprises the next hop information and status flags. The RLE uses a compact, field reusable data structure. The RLE performs both unicast and multicast IP address lookups on Virtual Private Networks. The RLE uses separate indexing and forwarding memories. The upper bound of the search time for the RLE is fixed regardless of the route table size.

Abstract: A device for performing an IMSHO using a router in a CDMA communication system is disclosed. The device comprises a router module allocated to each mobile switching center in the CDMA system, the router module for interfacing with a global communication interconnection network (GCIN); a base station subsystem (BSS) provided in each mobile switching center connected to the router module includes the GCIN; a base station modulator connected to the GCIN in the BSS for providing a link configuration information of the router module; and, a trunk for connecting the router modules of different mobile switching centers to enable the communication between the base station subsystems belonging to different mobile switching centers.

Abstract: Method for forwarding data from a source of the data to a mobile wireless node, such as a portable computing device, that undergoes a transition to an idle state. A home agent receives the data from the source. The home agent determines that there is no current or active mobility binding record for the mobile node, so it sends a data indication message to a home agent control node. The home agent control node looks up the mobile node in an idle mobility binding record database and identifies the last foreign agent that the idle mobile node was connected to. The home agent control node sends a page request to the identified foreign agent. If the mobile node responds to the page within a predetermined period of time, it will establish a connection with the foreign agent. Data is tunneled from the home agent to the foreign agent for delivery to the mobile node.

Abstract: Parallel data network and telephone network communications are established to facilitate a collaboration combining the data transfer and document sharing strengths of a data network with the superior audio communication of a telephone network. The method involves receiving an identifier of a calling station and called station, determining the IP addresses of computers associated with the calling station and called station, and causing the computers of the called and calling stations to establish a data-only collaboration. In an alternative embodiment, the method additionally involves determining the CLIDs associated with the calling and called stations, and connecting the telephones of the called and calling stations.

Abstract: A method for automatic address assignment is disclosed, said method being based on a distance measurement, a master (M) transmitting via the bus a preamble (P) which is received by all the slaves which are to be addressed. The slaves react to the preamble (P) by transmitting a response signal sequence (A). A slave (S2) which is located upstream, in the direction of the master (M), of a slave (S3) which transmits a response signal sequence (A) registers the response signal sequence (A) of the slave (S3) and subsequently waits for a new preamble (P). The slave (Sz) which does not register any response signal sequences (A) from other slaves is the last slave (Sz), seen from the master (M), without address allocation on the bus. This slave (Sz) switches into a state in which it is ready to receive an address-assigning telegram (T) from the master (M), with which address-assigning telegram (T) it is assigned an unambiguous address.

Abstract: An asynchronous serial crosspoint switch is word synchronized to each of a number of transceiver circuits. The crosspoint switch circuit generates both a master bit clock and a master word clock signal. A transceiver circuit recovers the master bit clock signal from an incoming high-speed serial data stream using a clock and data recovery circuit. The recovered bit clock signal is used as a timing signal by which data is serialized and transmitted to the crosspoint switch circuit. The data stream transmitted to the switch circuit is frequency locked to the master bit clock signal, such that the serial data stream need only be phase adjusted with a data recovery circuit. To recover word timing, the switch circuit issues alignment words to the transceivers during link initialization. The transceivers perform word alignment and establish a local word lock. Alignment words are then reissued to the switch circuit using the local word clock.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus that selectively multiplexes a plurality of signal lines through an I/O pin on a semiconductor chip. This apparatus includes an I/O pin, for coupling a signal line within the semiconductor chip to a signal line outside of the semiconductor chip. A transmitting circuit is configured to selectively multiplex the plurality of signal lines onto the I/O pin. A receiving circuit is configured to receive multiplexed data from the I/O pin, and to reverse the multiplexing so that values originally from the multiplexed signal lines are separated into distinct signals in the receiving circuit. Note that the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit are driven by a common clock signal. The apparatus additionally includes an initialization circuit that selectively configures the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit to multiplex at least one of the plurality of signal lines through the I/O pin.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that calculates a state at a time of starting an operation of a shift register that generates a PN code. The apparatus includes a system that obtains a parameter “i” that pertains to the state at the time of starting an operation, a system that obtains coefficients of a generator polynomial corresponding to the PN code, and a system that calculates the state at the time of starting an operation, based on the parameter “i” and the coefficients of the generator polynomial.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus incorporating 1+1 protection in a point-to-point radio system includes redundant microwave radio transceiver pairs, each transceiver including identical controls for identifying faults and reconfiguring to accommodate failures. Each transceiver includes receiver and transmitter monitoring circuitry for detecting a loss of received signal or transmitted signal, respectively. Fault signals are generated in response to loss of signal which are then processed by a designated master processor implementing a set of rules for identifying a likely failure corresponding to the faults detected. According to the rule, a partial loss of received signal by one of the receivers indicates a failure of that receiver, while loss of signal by both receivers is interpreted as a failure of the corresponding far-end transmitter. Conversely, receipt of a loss of signal message from a far-end radio station is interpreted as a failure of the active transmitter or the master controller.

Abstract: In a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) network, a system and method of dynamically allocating an Internet Protocol (IP) address to a mobile terminal (MT) operating in the network. A Gateway GPRS Service Node (GGSN) requests IP addresses over the Gi interface from a Radius server in an IP-based network. A Conditional PDP Address (CPA) parameter is stored in the MT's Home Location Register (HLR) as part of the user subscriber data, and is passed to the GGSN during the GPRS Attach procedure. The CPA parameter indicates whether the subscriber is entitled to a backup IP address in case of failure to obtain one over the Gi interface, and whether the MT is a user of a real-time application. A timer in the GGSN sets a maximum time period (Ti) that the GGSN will wait for a response from the server, and a counter (Ni) sets the maximum number of requests that are sent.

Abstract: A method operates a mobile communication terminal or MCT (10) by the steps of: (A) determining, at the MCT 10, a location of the MCT in accordance with Global Positioning System (GPS) inputs, (B) transmitting a signal that indicates the GPS-determined location, the signal being transmitted from the MCT to a network service provider or NSP (30), and (C) downloading data to the MCT 10 from the network service provider 34 or from a server (40, 42) that is coupled to the network service provider through a data communications network (38). The downloaded data is selected in accordance with the GPS-determined location of the MCT. The step of determining may employ a GPS capability of the MCT or a GPS capability of a GPS accessory (28) that is coupled to the MCT. In one embodiment the downloaded data is comprised of map data, while in another embodiment the downloaded data is comprised of at least one of operating software or an operating protocol. The data may be downloaded as a background task.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method to implement a packet switch buffer for unicast and multicast data. Incoming data packets are first stored in an input buffer memory. These data packets are examined to determine where in a primary output memory to place the data packets. The data packets are then transferred from the input buffer memory to the primary output memory. Afterward, the data packets are transferred from the primary output memory to a secondary output memory, and then from the secondary output memory to line card interface units (LCIUs).

Abstract: An echo canceller is described with improved performance. The echo canceller is capable of maintaining audio quality with less consumption of processor cycles by initially segmenting coefficients corresponding to successive audio samples of a delay line into a predetermined number of segments. The coefficients are used in computing an echo estimate. Upon segmenting the coefficients, certain segments are assigned to a first segment group, where the coefficients of that group are updated more frequently than coefficients assigned to one or more of the remaining groups. In one embodiment, this grouping is achieved by periodically computing a cumulative magnitude of the coefficients of each segment for all coefficients of the segments and subsequently placing a lesser number of segments with the highest cumulative coefficient magnitudes into the first segment group. Of course, in lieu of cumulative magnitude calculations, the energy of the coefficients may be computed.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for selectively multiplexing a plurality of signal lines through an I/O pin on a semiconductor chip. The method starts by initializing a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit to selectively multiplex the plurality of signal lines from the transmitting circuit through the I/O pin and into the receiving circuit. This initialization process includes selecting at least one of the plurality of signal lines to be multiplexed through the I/O pin, as well as synchronizing the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit by asserting a reset signal. Once the transmitting and receiving circuits are initialized, the selected signal lines are multiplexed from the transmitting circuit through the I/O pin and into corresponding memory elements in the receiving circuit. Note that the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit are driven by a common clock signal.

Abstract: A network system comprises nodes, a network management system and a plurality of user terminals. Each of the nodes established on the network system comprises an optical cross connect and a packet switch. The packet switch accommodates a plurality of terminals. Each of the nodes monitors traffic transferring in the packet switch thereof. Alternatively, each of the nodes monitors start and end of an application of each of the terminals included therein. Alternatively, each of the nodes measures delay time between the nodes. Then, each of the nodes reports the packet flow, the start and the end of the application, or the delay time between nodes to the network management system. The network management system establishes an optical path between each of the nodes based on the packet flow, the start and the end of the application, or the delay time between nodes monitored by each of the nodes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for an improved Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) system for traffic engineering is described. The improved MPLS system determines the actual traffic flow within a traffic engineering (TE) tunnel and dynamically adjusts the bandwidth to reflect the actual traffic flow. The actual traffic flow may be ascertained by accessing an average byte counter, which keeps track of the traffic flowing through the TE tunnel. Once the actual traffic flow is known the bandwidth is updated in accordance with the actual traffic flow. This allows the MPLS system to automatically maximize the bandwidth resources while minimizing operator intervention.

Abstract: A communication system (10) is disclosed which provides two-way communications access to a wide area network (WAN)(11) for a very large number of subscribers (17). It offers an inexpensive “last-mile” hookup from a subscriber terminal (15) to a communications hub (12). The hub (12) is connected to a WAN (11) such as the Internet. The system comprises service areas (14), 0.7 to 1.5 km radius (18), wherein the hub (12) and subscribers (17) are located. Subscribers (17) are connected to a subscriber terminal (15), directly or through a local area network (LAN)(39). Each terminal (15) communicates with the hub by a SHF radio link (13). Distributed routing of signals provides subscribers (17) with no-waiting, transmission of information at speeds about ten Mbps. Availability of a communication path approximates a fiber optic cable. The LAN (39) may be a local public switched telephone network. Each service area (14) is divided into one to forty sectors (16).

Abstract: A communication control unit is provided which is capable of retrieving a path regardless of a length of an address to be retrieved, of reducing a scale of its circuit, of achieving a high speed processing of retrieval and of preventing an increase in memory size required. The communication control unit is composed of a retrieval data managing circuit adapted to represent a node of a path tree corresponding to a path table by a split address obtained by setting-off a real address by one byte and a split mask length and to produce an address comparison byte composed of four stages obtained by setting-off a retrieving address by one byte and a next node selection byte, a nex-node selecting circuit adapted to decide a node to be retrieved next based oil the next node selection byte and a path retrieving circuit adapted to compare valid address portion showing a split mask length out of the split address with a split mask length portion of the address comparison byte.

Abstract: A communication network having at least one access point supports wireless communication among a plurality of wireless roaming devices via a first and a second wireless channel. The access point comprises a first and a second transceiver. The first and second transceivers operate on the first and second wireless channels, respectively. Each of the plurality of wireless roaming devices are capable of communicating on the first and second wireless channel. In one embodiment, the first wireless channel is used to exchange data, while the second channel is used to manage such exchanges as well as access to the first channel. In an alternate embodiment, both channels are used to support communication flow, however the first channel supports a protocol that is more deterministic than that of the second channel. Allocation of ones of the plurality of wireless roaming devices from one channel to the next may occur per direction from the access point.