Abstract: An operating circuit and method for efficiently operating and starting an electrodeless lamp having a magnetic core operated at radio frequencies. The circuit generates a current which flows through the winding of an electric field inducing means in the lamp in a reverse-bias direction, with respect to a drive current, to operate the core of the inducing means in all quadrants of the B-H curve, with the time average of all current through the lamp winding equaling approximately zero in order to avoid or minimize heat energy losses and sharp current peaks caused by saturation. This also allows use of lower current-capacity less-expensive components. The circuit repetitively applies constant-current DC drive pulses to the lamp winding for a small percentage of an interval during which energy is stored, which is used to generate the reverse-bias current.

Abstract: An automatic light control for automotive vehicles includes a relay connected to a power source by way of a main switch and an electronic switch, and a control circuit for on-off control of the electronic switch. In the control circuit, a brightness sensor produces a signal representing the ambient brightness which is compared with a predetermined reference signal by comparator means. The electronic switch is turned on or off in response to the difference in output of the comparator means to energize or deenergize the relay to thereby turn the vehicle lights on or off. The control may include two main light control circuits of identical configuration arranged in parallel, each of which serves as a back-up circuit for the other, and a monitor circuit adapted to issue an alarm when the two circuits produce unequal outputs.

Abstract: A memory-array sense amplifier includes a grounded-gate depletion-mode FET connected between a bit line and a sense node. Another FET connects a supply voltage VDD to the sense node when turned on by a clock phase signal. Further FETs form a latch circuit.

Abstract: A power supply control circuit is especially useful for a traveling wave tube, although it may also be used anyplace where desirable. An a-c power voltage is supplied to an input of the control circuit, where its frequency is multiplied to become a voltage having a period which is no greater than the duration of a power voltage fluctuation which might damage the traveling wave tube, unless corrected. The wave form of the multiplied frequency is shaped to provide a comparison voltage wave form, which is compared with a reference voltage. The a-c power voltage applied to said traveling wave tube is controlled responsive to the output of the comparison means.

Abstract: An integrated circuit in dynamic MOS logic is composed of combinatory and sequential logic elements. Each of the latter comprises a succession of an input gate, an intermediate gate and an output gate which are activated to conduct by a corresponding phase of the first one and subsequent phases of a clock pulse cycle. The combinatory logic elements are all composed of gates of a single type, while the input signals are applied via the sequential logic elements and the output signals are output again via the latter elements. Thus, in the combinatory network only a sole type of interference is still relevant.

Abstract: To attach the base to a lamp without using base cement, adhesive or the l, the base is made as a two-part element, one being an outer base sleeve and the other an inner insert snugly matching the inner diameter of the base sleeve or shell. The insert has an annular bottom and longitudinally extending flaps with inwardly bent wings which resiliently press and engage the press seal of the lamp, thereby holding the socket in position.

Abstract: The inner ends of the lead-in wires of an electric incandescent lamp are serrated and welded to uncoiled leg portions of the tungsten filament so that the members are fused to one another at a plurality of spaced points or locations and provide strong reliable electrical junctures. The filament leg portions are in bridging relationship with the serrations on the ends of the lead wires and form high-resistance areas of contact during the welding operation that permits high-quality welds to be made efficiently without the use of a flux material, even in halogen-cycle type lamps that require the welding of molybdenum lead wires to a tungsten filament.

Abstract: A cathode assembly for cathode-ray tube which comprises a cathode sleeve with a blackened surface, a first cylindrical reflective member fixedly put on the top end portion of the cathode sleeve with a fixing point therebetween and having one end portion closed up with a metal substrate, and a second cylindrical reflective member attached to the cathode sleeve by means of support members so as to be on the same axis with the cathode sleeve and having a diameter greater than that of the cathode sleeve, both the first and second cylindrical reflective members being provided for reflecting radiant heat from the cathode sleeve, and the length of the first cylindrical reflective member being set so that an angle formed between the longitudinal direction of the cathode sleeve and a straight line connecting a heat radiation peak point on the outer surface of the cathode sleeve and the inner edge of a top opening portion of the second cylindrical reflective member, on a plane passing through the same axis, may be 30.

Abstract: In a blended lamp, an incandescent filament and a high-pressure discharge tube are arranged electrically in series. The filament forms part of a halogen incandescent lamp and the discharge tube contains a sodium amalgam which is very high in mercury. A relatively high lumen per Watt-value is thereby combined with an acceptable color of the light.

Abstract: The spark gap device disclosed herein comprises at least two sets of electrodes enclosed within a common chamber. A delay line is connected between successive sets of electrodes. An arc which develops across the first set of electrodes as a result of a voltage transient ionizes the gas in the chamber. The voltage transient is delayed by the time required to travel through the delay line. When the voltage transient arrives at the second set of electrodes, an arc develops in less time than was required at the first set of electrodes due to the fact that the gas in the chamber has been at least partially ionized.

Abstract: A fluorescent lampholder fitting has a fluorescent lamp having first and second ends respectively provided with starting filaments. The lamp is supported by a housing which also encloses a solid-state fluorescent ballast and which also incorporates a male screw base electrical connector for supporting the housing in a portable lamp or lighting fixture. The male screw base is provided with three electrical input connections so configured to be electrically connected and selectively switched when installed in a three-way lampholder of the portable lamp or lighting fixture. The lampholder fitting is provided with a center-tapped step-down transformer which has three terminals attached to the three respective connections of the three-way male screw base. The step-down transformer has a single low-voltage secondary winding which connects to the input terminals of a full-wave bridge rectifier which has its rectified output connected to a high frequency oscillator.

Abstract: A quartz iodine studio lamp has a tungsten filament (32) formed of several sections (34) arranged in a plane between two quartz bridges (16,18) which are in turn supported by support wires (20,22). One end of the filament assembly (14) is supported in a seal (28) forming one end of the envelope (12). To stabilize the filament assembly, so as to stop it hitting the envelope wall, two spring coils (40) are carried by the bridge (16) remote from the seal (28) and extend transversely of the envelope to its inner surface.

Abstract: A surge arrester with a parallel-connected improved spark gap structure has a flanged ring connected to one of the two electrodes of the surge arrester which forms the first electrode of the spark gap structure, an axially aligned insulator disc having recesses therein seated on the flanged ring, and an annular metal contact seated on the opposite side of the insulator ring forming the second electrode of the spark gap structure through the recesses in the insulating ring has the improvements of the metal contact forming the second electrode of the spark gap being an annular cup having a base seated against the insulator ring and a conical wall connected via contact springs with the other electrode of the surge arrester, and the base of the annular cup has projections in registry with the insulator ring recesses extending a distance therein such that the spark gap is formed between the flanged ring and the highest elevation of the projections.

Abstract: The invention provides a magnetron of the strapped anode type having three strapping members each co-axial but at different diameters from the center of the anode block of the magnetron. The middle strapping member is connected to alternate vanes and the innermost and outermost strapping members are connected to the remaining ones of the anode vanes.

Abstract: An ignition system (51-59, 60, Ql, Qn, 30) providing high modulation energy by means of modulator (30) is used to fire an igniter and effect total fuel burning without detonation. An extremely long ignition arc is initiated at an optimum timing angle (.theta..degree.) in advance of top dead center piston position. Such long arc with its high energy content makes possible an ignited fuel nodule of increased size within the combustion chamber of the engine. The increased fuel nodule size makes possible efficient engine operation at the variety of cylinder pressures and the variety of ignition voltages usable to ignite the fuel. These long arcs may be sustained over a large range of duty cycle periods of ignition electrical power by modulation of transient current feeding the igniter.

Abstract: A slow-wave, cyclotron-type, travelling-wave-tube amplifier in which the m-wave interaction is the result of a Weibel-type instability. The travelling wave is slowed down in its propagation through the waveguide by a dielectric liner located on the inner wall of the waveguide. The bunching mechanism is the result of the V.sub..perp. .times.B.sub..perp. Lorentz force.

Abstract: A jacketed discharge lamp which would release ultraviolet radiation in the event of fracture of the outer envelope is provided with a disabling fuse link which oxidizes in the event of breakage. The link consists of an alkaline earth metal film, suitably a barium film which may be deposited on a ceramic substrate for connection into the circuit. The outer envelope is evacuated or may contain an inert gas.

Abstract: An array of electrostatic quadrupoles, capable of providing strong electrostatic focusing simultaneously on multiple beams, is easily fabricated from a single array element comprising a support rod and multiple electrodes spaced at intervals along the rod. The rods are secured to four terminals which are isolated by only four insulators. This structure requires bias voltage to be supplied to only two terminals and eliminates the need for individual electrode bias and insulators, as well as increases life by eliminating beam plating of insulators.

Abstract: A wire support for the coiled-coil filament of a tubular double-ended incandescent lamp in which the support is formed of a single wire which extends longitudinally along a portion of the inner wall of the lamp envelope, with each end of the support wire terminating in a loop of a size to be circumferentially engageable with the inner wall of the envelope, and a midportion of the support wire extending laterally in closed loop form to firmly embrace a localized point on a turn of the filament so that the turn extends through that midportion loop and is supported therefrom.

Abstract: A plurality of master-slave flip-flops, constructed in current-switching technology, are considered. The displacement of switching thresholds of the master flip-flop and the slave flip-flop, required for fault-free operation, is achieved by differing emitter current densities as a result of a parallel connection of transistors. Circuits constructed in accordance with the present invention are particularly adaptable to large scale integration which requires neither special embodiments of transistors nor reference potentials which deviate from standard reference potentials.