Abstract: A diamond layer of single crystal CVD diamond which is colored, preferably which has a fancy color, and which has a thickness of greater than 1 mm.

Abstract: The present application is generally directed to ultrapure synthetic carbon materials having both high surface area and high porosity, ultrapure polymer gels and devices containing the same. The disclosed ultrapure synthetic carbon materials find utility in any number of devices, for example, in electric double layer capacitance devices and batteries. Methods for making ultrapure synthetic carbon materials and ultrapure polymer gels are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous method for the hydrothermal carbonization of renewable raw materials and organic residues, in which, in a first processing stage, a pressure increase essentially to the pressure level of the carbonization occurs, in the second processing stage, the carbonization, which is performed at a pressure of at least 5 bar and at most boiling temperature, the obtained carbonized product is at least partially settled as sediment, and the filling height of the water in the second processing stage is set by removing water, and the temperature of the sediment delivered from the second processing stage is reduced by the vaporization of water and it is supplied to the third processing stage, drying which is heated using steam, in which the drying is performed in steam atmosphere, and subsequently discharged from the process.

Abstract: High-speed formation of char, useful as a precursor to activated carbon, is produced by a combination of cellulosic material and an acid solution both preheated close to the steam temperature and then mixed. The rapid endothermic reaction rapidly chars the cellulosic material driving excess water away as steam and minimizing tar formation.

Abstract: A secondary battery capable of providing a high energy density and superior cycle characteristics is provided. The secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The anode has an anode active material layer containing a carbon material and a lithium-containing compound (Li3-aMaN) as an anode active material. M is one or more transition metal elements. a is a numerical value satisfying 0<a?0.8.

Abstract: A two-stage reaction process includes reacting gaseous carbon dioxide with a reducing agent to form carbon monoxide and water. At least a portion of the water is condensed to form a dry tail gas. The dry tail gas, with the possible addition of a reducing agent, reacts to convert at least a portion of the carbon monoxide to solid carbon and water. Other methods include reacting a feed gas mixture to form a reaction mixture, condensing water from the reaction mixture to form a dried reaction mixture, mixing the dried reaction mixture with a recirculating gas to form a catalytic converter feed gas mixture, flowing the catalytic converter feed gas mixture through a catalytic converter to form solid carbon and a tail gas mixture containing water, and flowing the tail gas mixture through a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Activated cellulosic-based carbon is rendered more thermally stable by exposure to water or aqueous acid, and optionally, to a halogen and/or a halogen-containing compound. Such treated cellulosic-based carbon has enhanced thermal properties and is suitable for use in mitigating the content of hazardous substances in flue gases, especially flue gases having a temperature within the range of from about 100° C. to about 420° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing precipitated calcium carbonate using fowl egg shells such as chicken egg shells. More particularly, the method comprises: a heat treatment step of heating fowl egg shells; a grinding step of grinding calcium oxide generated in the heat treatment step; a dry-quenching step of feeding the ground calcium oxide into a thermo-hygrostat to convert the ground calcium oxide into dry calcium hydroxide powder; a carbonizing step of mixing the dry calcium hydroxide powder prepared in the dry-quenching step with an organic solvent and feeding carbon dioxide generated in the heat treatment step into the mixture; and a filtering and drying step of filtering and drying the calcium carbonate obtained in the carbonizing step.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a carbon nanotube having a high purity and a method for purifying an unpurified carbon nanotube or a carbon nanotube having a low purity. The method for producing a carbon nanotube comprises a step of providing a carbonaceous material containing a carbon nanotube and a step of adding an iron material and hydrogen peroxide to the carbonaceous material to thereby purity a carbon nanotube. It is preferred that an iron powder is used as the iron material. The iron powder is preferably used in a proportion of 0.5 to 20 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the whole carbonaceous material.

Abstract: Provided is a method of synthesizing high-purity calcite capable of controlling a grain size thereof, by reacting an aqueous calcium chloride solution with CO2 gas under strong alkaline condition, to crystallize into white and ultra-fine grain calcite. The method of synthesizing fine-grain calcite according to the present disclosure can decrease super-saturation by producing calcite under the strong alkaline conditions, thereby suppressing generation and growth of grain, resulting in controlling the grain size. Therefore, the above method is useful in producing high-purity ultra-fine grain calcite and can control the grain size of calcite from several hundreds of nanometers to several tens of nanometers by regulating the concentration of an aqueous caustic soda solution.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a carbon catalyst according to the present invention includes: a first step involving heating a raw material containing a resin and a metal to carbonize the resin so that a carbon catalyst is obtained; a second step involving subjecting the carbon catalyst to a treatment for removing the metal; and a third step involving subjecting the carbon catalyst that has been subjected to the treatment to a heat treatment to improve an activity of the carbon catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for solidifying carbon dioxide into carbonate, in which carbon dioxide is stably converted into and solidified into carbonate (mineral facies) by using steel slag or natural mineral by extracting an alkali component by supplying an ammonium salt solvent as an extraction solvent to raw slag and injecting carbon dioxide into an extract solution supplied to a carbonation reactor to produce carbonate precipitate from the extract solution through the induction of a conversion reaction of the carbon dioxide into the carbonate precipitate. Then after the above two step are performed at least one an acetic acid solvent is supplied as an extraction solvent to the raw slag so as to finally extract an alkali component; and carbon dioxide is injected into an extract solution to produce carbonate precipitate from the extract solution through the induction of a conversion reaction of the carbon dioxide into the carbonate precipitate.

Abstract: A method of removing siloxanes from a gas stream includes flowing the gas stream that carries siloxanes through an adsorbent media to remove at least part of the siloxanes from the gas stream, wherein the adsorbent media comprises lignite-based activated carbon. A spent adsorbent media is provided that contains the lignite-based activated carbon through which a gas stream containing siloxanes has been at least partially purified, and which may be regenerated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbon nanocomposite sorbents. The present invention provides carbon nanocomposite sorbents, methods for making the same, and methods for separation of a pollutant from a gas that includes that pollutant. Various embodiments provide a method for reducing the mercury content of a mercury-containing gas.

Abstract: The invention provides various methods for removing gas phase pollutants by calcining limestone or dolomite using flash calcination to produce a high surface area lime or hydrated lime and directly adding the lime or hydrated lime to a gas stream containing gas phase pollutants. In other methods, the production of an activated sorbent, such as activated carbon, is combined with the production of the high surface area lime or hydrated lime and directly added to a gas stream containing gas phase pollutants. The combination of lime or hydrated lime and an activated sorbent enhances the removal of gas phase pollutants such as those from a coal-fired boiler flue gas.

Abstract: Provided are a carbon catalyst for decomposing a hazardous substance that effectively decomposes hazardous substances such as aldehydes, a hazardous-substance-decomposing material, and a method of decomposing a hazardous substance. The carbon catalyst for decomposing a hazardous substance is a carbon catalyst having a catalytic activity for decomposing the hazardous substance. The hazardous substance is, for example, a volatile organic compound such as aldehydes or a malodorous substance such as a sulfur compound. The method of decomposing a hazardous substance, is a method including decomposing the hazardous substance with the carbon catalyst for decomposing a hazardous substance or with a hazardous-substance-decomposing material containing the carbon catalyst for decomposing a hazardous substance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a precipitated calcium carbonate product. The process comprises the steps of preparing an aqueous suspension of precipitated calcium carbonate seeds by carbonating a suspension of Ca(OH)2 in the presence of 0.005 to 0.030 moles of Sr, in the form of Sr(OH)2, based upon moles of Ca(OH)2 prior to or during carbonation; forming an aqueous suspension of a precipitated calcium carbonate product by carbonating a slurry of Ca(OH)2 in the presence of 0.5 to 5% by dry weight of the precipitated calcium carbonate seeds, wherein the precipitated calcium carbonate seeds have a D50 that is less than the D50 of the precipitated calcium carbonate product and the precipitated calcium carbonate seeds have an aragonitic polymorph content greater than or equal to the precipitated calcium carbonate product.

Abstract: Methods for activating charcoal resulting from biomass gasification are provided. Exemplary methods include gasifying biomass in a gasification reactor of an integrated biomass gasification system to produce charcoal; and activating charcoal using heat generated from an integral heat source of the integrated biomass gasification system. The methods include activation of charcoal resulting from biomass gasification in a more efficient, economical manner, thereby increasing the value of biomass gasification with minimal investment in the process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for producing an elongated (rolled) carbonaceous film by polymer pyrolysis while suppressing the fusion bonding and the rippling of the carbonaceous film. The method for producing a carbonaceous film includes the step of heat-treating a polymer film wound into a roll, wherein the heat treatment is performed after the polymer film is wound into a roll at a temperature lower than a pyrolysis onset temperature of the polymer film so that the roll of polymer film has a center and has a space inside its cross-sectional circle (50% cross-sectional circle) (space within 50% cross-sectional circle) whose center is at the center and whose circumference passes through a point at which a length of the polymer film from an inner end thereof is 50% of a total length of the polymer film and that an area of the space within 50% cross-sectional circle is 25% or more of an area of the 50% cross-sectional circle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of precipitated calcium carbonate comprising the steps of a) providing and calcining calcium carbonate comprising material; b) slaking the reaction product obtained from step a) with an aqueous ammonium chloride solution; c) separating insoluble components from the calcium chloride solution obtained from step b); d) carbonating the calcium chloride solution obtained from step c); e) separating the precipitated calcium carbonate obtained from step d); the precipitated calcium carbonate obtained by this process, as well as uses thereof.