Abstract: The electric lamp has a lamp vessel (1) having an end portion (3) which is fixed inthe lamp cap (5) by means of polyethersulphone (8) as a thermoplastic synthetic resin, which has adhered both to the lamp vessel and to the lamp cap. The end portion (3) has non-circular cross-sections where it is in contact with the synthetic resin (8) due to projections (10) projecting into the synthetic resin (8). A current supply wire (11) can be clamped between the synthetic resin (8) and the sheath portion (6) of the lamp cap (5) in order to establish electrical contact therewith. The lamp can be assembled by arranging in the hot state of the end portion (3) a polyethersulphone ring (8) around this end portion (3) and by providing the lamp cap (5) in the hot state around the polyethersulphone ring (8). FIG. 1.

Abstract: A sun tanning apparatus has an electronic operating system comprising: (i) a plurality of pairs of fluorescent lamps for providing tanning radiation, each pair of lamps being adapted to be powered from 30 kHz/120 Volt by way of a high-Q series-resonant L-C ballasting circuit; (ii) a relatively low-power frequency converter connected with the power line and operable to provide power for heating the cathodes in these fluorescent lamps, thereby conditioning the lamps for easy starting; (iii) a relatively high-power frequency converter also connected with a power line and operable to provide the 30 kHz/120 Volt required for operating the plurality of pairs of fluorescent lamps by way of the high-Q series-resonant L-C ballasting circuit; and (iv) delay means operable to prevent the 30 kHz/120 Volt provided by the high-power frequency converter from being applied to the fluorescent lamps until after power has been applied to heat the lamp cathodes for at least one second.

Abstract: An emergency lighting unit comprises a battery-powered converter circuit for maintaining a discharge in a gas discharge or fluorescent light, the converter circuit also being arranged to generate a high voltage for striking the discharge in the light. When the mains supply is good and a switch is closed for turning on the light, the converter circuit is activated to provide its high voltage for striking the discharge, after which the discharge is maintained from the mains supply. If the mains should then fail, the converter circuit provides its low voltage from its battery to maintain the discharge. If the mains fails while the light is switched off, the converter circuit strikes and then maintains the discharge in the light.

Abstract: An electrodeless lamp bulb of modified shape for providing more uniform emission of radiation. In the preferred embodiment the bulb is primarily in the shape of a sphere, but has at least a non-spherical portion comprised of diametrically opposed relatively flattened portions.A microwave generated electrodeless lamp which incorporates the improved bulb provides more spatially uniform radiation at an illumination plane.

Abstract: A color display system includes a cathode-ray tube and yoke. The yoke is a self-converging type that produces an astigmatic magnetic deflection field within the tube. The cathode-ray tube has an electron gun for generating and directing three electron beams along paths toward a screen of the tube. The electron gun includes electrodes that comprise a beam-forming region and electrodes that form a main focusing lens, and features electrodes for forming a multipole lens between the beam-forming region and the main focusing lens in each of the electron beam paths. Each multipole lens is oriented to provide a correction to an associated electron beam to at least partially compensate for the effect of the astigmatic magnetic field on the associated beam. There are two multipole lens electrodes.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp has a discharge gas sealed in a light-transmissive, cylindrical tube in which an internal electrode is provided as a first receiving end. An external electrode having predetermined widths along the axis of the tube is provided on the outer surface of the tube as a second receiving end. A shielding film is also provided on the outer surface of the tube excluding where a slit with a predetermined width is formed. The widths of the external electrode can be changed in accordance with the luminance distribution of the gas discharge lamp. The internal and external electrodes are connected to a high frequency power source and are applied with high frequency power therefrom, thereby causing discharge within the tube.

Abstract: The improved structure of a heater for an indirectly-heated cathode which is used for CRTs or the like is disclosed. A core wire for a heater is wound around a mandrel into a primary winding so that the inner diameter of the primary winding is 4.3 to 6.0 times the diameter of the core wire. The primary winding may be further wound into a secondary winding.

Abstract: In a power-line-operated inverter-type magnetron power supply having a high-Q resonant L-C circuit series-excited by the inverter and parallel-loaded by the magnetron, subject invention provides for cost-effective means to prevent the destructive overload of the inverter and/or the L-C circuit that may occur during the brief period before the magnetron cathode becomes incandescent. In this power supply, the unfiltered pulsed DC output of a full-wave power-line-supplied rectifier means is applied to a pair of inverters: an auxiliary inverter for heating the magnetron cathode, and a main inverter for providing the main magnetron power. The auxiliary inverter starts operating immediately upon application of power from the power line, and therefore immediately starts the process of cathode heating.

Abstract: An electronic control system employing logical control for controlling a gas vapor arc globe. Power from a power source such as an AC power line or DC or AC generator is connected by a control switch to a logical control circuit which initially activates the igniter for the globe. In the event that the igniter does not cause the globe to ignite a control signal is provided to turn the power off. The voltage for operating the globe is boosted by means of a boost voltage generator to a substantially higher voltage than that of the power source. The operating voltage for the globe is generated by means of a multivibrator which runs at a relatively low frequency and a pulse width modulator which runs at a high audio frequency. The square wave output of the multivibrator (typically 60 Hz) is modulated by the pulse output of the pulse width modulator (typically 20 KHz) to provide a square wave DC to the globe modulated by high frequency rectangular pulses having a width which determines the intensity of the globe.

Abstract: A control gear for a high intensity discharge lamp comprising a switch element, and an oscillator connected to drive the switch element through the intermediary of a variable mark-space ratio driver arrangement. The switch element switches current in a series resonant circuit including the primary winding of a transformer, across the secondary winding of which the lamp is connected. A feedback circuit which receives signals controls the mark-space ratio to regulate the power consumed by the lamp in a closed loop. Initially, the mark-space ratio is set at a starting level such that a very high voltage is generated in the resonant circuit to cause starting of the lamp.

Abstract: In a flash photographing apparatus, a flash device is arranged to slow the rise of flashing characteristic thereof at the initial stage of flashing. To attain this purpose, the electric charge of a first capacitor is impressed via an inductance onto a flash tube at the initial stage of flashing. Following this, the electric charge of a second capacitor is directly impressed on the flash tube without passing through the inductance.

Abstract: In a fluorescent lamp, a starter assembly is disposed in a base of the lamp. The starter assembly includes a circuit board having conductive runs thereon and adapted to support therefrom lamp starter circuit components that are connected to these circuit runs. One or more electrodes of the lamp couple to the printed circuit board conductive runs. The circuit board assembly is supported in the base of the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: An electric lamp assembly is disclosed which comprises a bulb unit including a filament, lead lines extending from the filament to the outside of the bulb unit and a hermetic seal portion, the lead lines extending through the hermetic seal portion; a bulb holder including a looped band portion which gripps the hermetic seal portion of the bulb unit having leading ends of the lead lines projected outward from the bulb holder, the bulb holder having foot portions each being formed with at least one opening; and a base assembly including a circular body part, a pair of conducting plate members having leading ends projected outward from respective slits formed in the body part and a plurality of supporting pins extending outward from the body part. The supporting pins are inserted into the openings of the foot portions of the bulb holder and welded to the foot portions to achieve a tight connection between the base assembly and the bulb holder.

Abstract: An electronic frequency inverter circuit receives input electrical power at a lower frequency and energizes a load circuit including gaseous discharge lamps in a range of higher frequencies. First and second semiconductors are operated alternatively by a logic circuit in current mode control such that the switches operate at the high frequency range and the frequency of current in the load circuit varies as the magnitude of said source voltage varies. The load circuit has an impedance which varies with frequency such that the peak amplitude of the load current remains substantially constant despite variations in the magnitude of said source voltage to achieve a desirable crest factor for the lamp current. A high current limit circuit rapidly turns off the switches when excessively high current begins to flow through the switches. Low voltage is supplied in port from the high frequency current. Normal operation is ensured during start-up, for reduced line voltage and for a semiconductor chip embodiment.

Abstract: A ballast for controlling the light emitted by fluorescent lamps (25) is disclosed. DC power derived from either a DC source or a rectified AC source is switched on and off at a high frequency rate by a switch (15) to control the flow of current through the primary winding of the transformer of a flyback converter (27). The switched output is rectified and applied by the flyback converter to the filaments of the fluorescent lamps (25) to be controlled. The rectified, switched output is also applied by a .pi. filter (17) to a commutator circuit (21) that controls the starting of the fluorescent lamps (25). The commutator circuit (21) is switched at a lower frequency rate. The bridge input voltage and current are sensed and fed back to a control circuit (23), which includes a regulating pulse width modulator and a bridge switching circuit. The control circuit (23) also receives a pulse current feedback signal from the switch (15) and an external dimming control signal.

Abstract: A device for triggering a thyristor uses light pulses or flashes for achieving a galvanic separation between the triggering circuitry and the load circuit. The light pulses are generated by a flashlamp disposed in a housing in which a number of channels extend radially, each channel having a light conductor therein. The light conductors lead to respective individual thyristors which are to be triggered.

Abstract: A method of and a device for the operation of a high-pressure discharger lamp provided with a discharge vessel (3) which accommodates an ionizable filling and two electrodes (4, 5), between which electrodes in the operating condition the discharge takes place. The lamp is operated from a supply source which supplies a power of periodically alternating value. According to the invention, for each power frequency .nu..sub.i (i=1,2, . . .) the relation .nu..sub.i .gtoreq.60 .nu..sub.1 is satisfied, where .nu..sub.1 is the lowest frequency at which in the operating condition of the lamp standing pressure waves can occur in the discharge vessel (3). Thus, it is possible to operate the lamp so as to be free from arc instabilities due to standing pressure waves.

Abstract: A delay time between the start of a trace on an oscilloscope screen and a point along the trace is computed based on measured "sweep gain" and "sweep start" parameters characterizing a triggered sweep signal controlling the horizontal position of an electron beam creating the trace, the sweep signal increasing when triggered from a starting level at a constant slew rate to move the beam at a constant speed across the screen. The sweep start parameter is the value of input data applied to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) which would cause the DAC to produce an output voltage equal to the sweep signal starting level, and the sweep gain indicates the rate of increase in DAC input data required to produce a DAC output signal with a rate of increase similar to the slew rate of the sweep signal. The horizontal position of the point along the trace is the beam position on the screen at the moment the sweep signal magnitude reaches the magnitude of the DAC output signal.

Abstract: A drive circuit for a thin-film electroluminescent (EL) matrix display panel includes an odd side N-ch high voltage MOS driver, and an odd side P-ch high voltage MOS driver connected to odd number scanning electrodes of the thin-film electroluminescent (EL) matrix display panel. Even number scanning electrodes of the thin-film electroluminescent (EL) matrix display panel are connected to an even side N-ch high voltage MOS driver and an even side P-ch high voltage MOS driver. The four MOS drivers are effectively controlled to perform an alternating current driving of the thin-film electroluminescent (EL) matrix display panel. A source level switching circuit is connected to the odd side and even side N-ch high voltage MOS drivers so as to switch the source voltage in synchronization with the field driving of the thin-film electroluminescent (EL) matrix display panel.

Abstract: A luminous element and driving circuit in which an additional circuit is connected in parallel with the luminous element which in turn is serially connected with a suitable transistor. The additional circuit includes an element for minimizing distortion of the luminous output. In one embodiment, a field effect transistor with its gate and source connected together is serially connected with a coil to quickly discharge the luminous element when the transistor is turned off and charge the element quickly when the transistor is turned on. In a second embodiment, a semiconductor diode is serially connected to the coil to form the additional circuit. The voltage across the light emitting diode when the transistor is turned off causes the luminous element to be immediately luminous.