Abstract: The present invention is related to a process for the conversion of used cooking oil into aromatics (BTEX) hydrocarbon as petrochemical building blocks. The process provides an aromatic rich hydrocarbon from used cooking oil in the presence and absence of steam/hydrogen over supported bimetallic alumina-silicates zeolites. The catalyst contains no precious metal entities and may contain one metal form zinc (Zn), a second metal (X), comprising at least one selected from cobalt (Co), gallium (Ga), chromium (Cr), Iron (Fe) and third elements from cerium (Ce), boron (B) supported on alumina-silicates zeolites. The present invention relates to a catalyst excluding novel metals to produce aromatics in a continuous fixed bed reactor system under atmospheric pressure. More particularly, the present invention relates to a low-temperature process to produce aromatic over alumina-silicates zeolites. The process provides used cooking oil conversion of 84-89% with aromatic selectivity of 87-91%.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a method and system for converting ethanol to para-xylene. The method also provides a pathway to produce terephthalic acid from biomass-based feedstocks. In some embodiments, the disclosed method produces p-xylene with high selectivity over other aromatics typically produced in the conversion of ethanol to xylenes, such as m-xylene, ethyl benzene, benzene, toluene, and the like. And, in some embodiments, the method facilitates the ability to use ortho/para mixtures of methylbenzyaldehyde for preparing ortho/para xylene product mixtures that are amendable to fractionation to separate the para- and ortho-xylene products thereby providing a pure feedstock of para-xylene that can be used to form terephthalic anhydride and a pure feedstock of ortho-xylene that can be used for other purposes, such as phthalic anhydride.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for providing improved hydrogenation activity by pretreating a catalyst in a three-step manner before selective hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons in an aromatic fraction in the presence of an oxide-type bimetallic (particularly nickel-molybdenum) supported catalyst.

Abstract: A method for purifying cumene may include splitting an alkylation reaction product into a first portion and a second portion; feeding the first portion as mostly a liquid into a benzene column; at least partially vaporizing the second portion in a heater; feeding the at least partially vaporized second portion into the benzene column. A method for purifying cumene may also include the steps of providing a benzene column and a cumene column; directing a liquid side draw from the benzene column to the cumene column, the liquid side draw being a liquid substantially free of DIPB; returning a benzene enriched vapor from the cumene column to the benzene column using an overhead line, the benzene enriched vapor having a higher concentration of benzene than the liquid side draw; and drawing purified cumene from the cumene column.

Abstract: One variation of a method includes: ingesting an air sample captured during an air capture period at a target location for collection of a first mixture including carbon dioxide and a first concentration of impurities; conveying the first mixture through a liquefaction unit to generate a second mixture including carbon dioxide and a second concentration of impurities less than the first concentration of impurities; in a methanation reactor, mixing the second mixture with hydrogen to generate a first hydrocarbon mixture comprising a third concentration of impurities comprising nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen; conveying the first hydrocarbon mixture through a separation unit configured to remove impurities from the first hydrocarbon mixture to generate a second hydrocarbon a fourth concentration of impurities less than the third concentration of impurities; and depositing the second hydrocarbon mixture in a diamond reactor containing a set of diamond seeds to generate a first set of diamonds.

Abstract: In a first stage of a methane conversion system, at least some methane (CH4) in an input gas flow stream can be converted into C2 hydrocarbons, hydrogen gas (H2), and aromatics to provide a first processed stream. The conversion can be direct non-oxidative methane conversion (DNMC). At least some of the aromatics can be removed from the first processed stream to provide a second processed stream. In a second stage of the methane conversion system, at least some of the H2 can be removed from the second processed stream to provide a recycle stream. The recycle stream can be returned to the first stage of the methane conversion system for further conversion of methane and removal of aromatics and H2 products.

Abstract: A system and method utilize one or more fans each having fan blades. The fan blades have a desiccant material on an outer surface. The desiccant material is operable to adsorb airborne moisture in an ambient airflow and desorb moisture in a heated airflow. The fan blades are operable to drive one or both of the ambient airflow and heated airflow via rotation of the fan.

Abstract: Processes, catalysts, and reactor systems for reforming heavy aromatic compounds (C11+) into C6-8 aromatic compounds are disclosed. Also disclosed are processes, catalysts, and reactor systems for producing aromatic compounds and liquid fuels from oxygenated hydrocarbons, such as carbohydrates, sugars, sugar alcohols, sugar degradation products, and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing limonene comprising or consisting of the following steps: (a) providing beta-pinene or a beta-pinene containing starting material: (b) admixing the starting material with a catalytically effective amount of a MWW-type zeolite: (C) heating the reaction mixture to a temperature in the range of between 60 and 100° C.; and optionally (d) separating the limonene or a limonene-enriched fraction from the sump.

Abstract: Apparatus and processes herein provide for converting hydrocarbon feeds to light olefins and other hydrocarbons. The processes and apparatus include, in some embodiments, feeding a hydrocarbon, a first catalyst and a second catalyst to a reactor, wherein the first catalyst has a smaller average particle size and is less dense than the second catalyst. A first portion of the second catalyst may be recovered as a bottoms product from the reactor, and a cracked hydrocarbon effluent, a second portion of the second catalyst, and the first catalyst may be recovered as an overhead product from the reactor. The second portion of the second catalyst may be separated from the overhead product, providing a first stream comprising the first catalyst and the hydrocarbon effluent and a second stream comprising the separated second catalyst, allowing return of the separated second catalyst in the second stream to the reactor.

Abstract: A liquid-liquid extraction system includes extraction stages, a pumping system, and a controller. Each extraction stage has a chamber, a primary input, a raffinate output, and an extract output. An input liquid (e.g., either a source liquid or raffinate from a preceding extraction stage, mixed with an extraction liquid) is presented to the chamber via the primary input. The chamber enables phase separation of liquid therein, into a raffinate and a extract, where the raffinate exits the separation vessel at the raffinate output, and the extract exits the separation vessel at the extract output. A level sensor is coupled to the chamber and the controller is operatively programmed to read an output of the level sensor, compare the output of the level sensor to a target, and cause the associated chamber to receive additional liquid if the output is lower than the target.

Abstract: The present application provides a method and a system for recycling a polymer. The method includes introducing polymer into a primary melting extruder, producing a polymer melt that is combined with a fluid oil to at least partially dissolve the polymer melt. A secondary mixing extruder mixes these to form a polymer solution that is introduced into a refinery oil stream, producing a polymer-comprising oil stream, which is fed into a refinery process unit. The system includes a primary melting extruder for forming a polymer melt from polymer. A secondary mixing extruder receives the polymer melt. One or more hydrocarbon inflow conduits for providing a fluid oil to the primary melting extruder and/or the secondary mixing extruder are configured to form a polymer solution from the fluid oil and the polymer melt. There is a feed system outlet for feeding the polymer solution to a refinery oil stream.

Abstract: A blood purification apparatus including a line section through which working dialysate to be introduced into a blood purifier or drain liquid discharged from the blood purifier is caused to flow; a delivery unit that delivers liquid in the line section; an introduction port connected to a supply route through which undiluted dialysate or the working dialysate is supplied, the introduction port allowing the undiluted dialysate or the working dialysate in the supply route to be introduced into the apparatus; an introduction route connected to the introduction port and through which the undiluted dialysate or the working dialysate introduced from the introduction port flows into the line section; a valve unit provided to the introduction route and being capable of opening or closing the introduction route by being opened or closed; and a control unit that controls an operation of opening or closing the valve unit.

Abstract: A blood treatment device for extracorporeal blood treatment and a method for monitoring the fill level of blood with the blood treatment device. The device includes at least one blood conducting system and at least one chamber container for separating bubbles from the blood to be treated. The device further includes a blood pumping device designed to pump the blood and generate pressure pulses with a predefined frequency in the blood conducting system. The blood treatment device additionally has at least one pressure detection sensor for capturing the pressure pulse introduced by the blood pumping device and a data processing unit designed to derive a fill level parameter from the pressure pulse captured and to modify the state of an information signal as a function of the fill level parameter. At least one alarm device is activated as a function of the state of the information signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an olefins-paraffins separation process in feed stream containing hydrocarbons with 2 to 4 carbon atoms by facilitated transport membrane specific to olefins, comprising a step (a) of feeding the feed stream containing hydrocarbons with 2 to 4 carbon atoms into distillation column and at least 1 stage of membrane unit connected to distillation column at the feed of distillation column and at least 1 stage of membrane unit connected to the side draw of distillation column and a step (b) of separating a portion of feed stream that is passed from the membrane unit, at least 1 stream is the product stream that mostly comprising olefins and at least 1 stream that mostly comprising paraffins.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a process to perform a reaction of alkane transformation into olefins, said process comprising the steps of (a) providing a stream of light alkane-comprising feedstock with one or more alkanes and one or more oxidants selected from CO2 and/or COS; and providing at least one fluidized bed reactor comprising at least two electrodes and a bed comprising particles; (b) putting the particles of the bed in a fluidized state to obtain a fluidized bed; and (c) heating the fluidized bed to a temperature ranging from 600° C. to 1500° C. to conduct the reaction; the process is remarkable in that the step c) is performed by passing an electric current through the fluidized bed; the particles of the bed comprise electrically conductive particles, and in that, at least 10 wt. % of the particles are electrically conductive particles and have a resistivity ranging from 0.001 to 500 Ohm·cm at 800° C.

Abstract: A system and process for generating, on-site, a sustained C6+C7 aromatic rich solvent stream for tar solvation within the olefin plant employing a two-fuel oil tower system receiving a hydrocarbon feed from a quench water separator drum, where the two-fuel oil tower system is configured to make a sufficient solvent stream containing C6+C7 aromatic rich hydrocarbons that is recycled and mixed with quench water going to the quench water separator drum to assist in removing tar molecules out of the quench water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for treating exhaust fluid from semiconductor manufacturing equipment in which cleaning gases decomposed by a plastic apparatus alternately flow towards a front rotor region (a main rotor unit) and a rear rotor region (a subsidiary rotor unit) of a booster pump and then flow towards a dry pump, and thus uniformly react with process byproducts present throughout the whole area in a vacuum pump including the booster pump and the dry pump so as to improve removal efficiency of the process byproducts. Further, the retention time of the cleaning gases decomposed by the plasma apparatus in the vacuum pump is increased by adjusting the pressure in the pump with the rotational speed of a motor, and thus the reaction time of the cleaning gases with the process byproducts is increased, so as to further improve removal efficiency of the process byproducts, such as SiO2 powder.

Abstract: A system and a process for dimerizing cyclopentadiene (CPD) including producing a C6+C7 rich bottoms stream and a C5 rich side draw from a debutanizer, where the C5 rich side draw and at least a portion of the C6+C7 rich bottoms stream are directed to a dimerizer where the CPD is thermally dimerized to dicyclopentadiene (DCPD). DCPD is more stable than CPD and thus safer to handle.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for increasing the yield of products generated during co-processing of biomass oil in a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) system. The systems and methods can allow for increased yield by reducing or minimizing formation of carbon oxides, gas phase products, and/or coke yields during the co-processing. This can be achieved by adding a hydrogen-rich co-feed to the co-processing environment. Examples of hydrogen-rich co-feeds include high hydrogen content vacuum gas oil co-feed, high hydrogen content distillate co-feed, and/or high hydrogen content naphtha co-feed. Additionally or alternately, various types of fractions that contain a sufficient amount of hydrogen donor compounds can be used to reduce or minimize carbon oxide formation.