Abstract: A class of novel structures which make novel use of polymer based reflective polarizing films in an improved polarization conversion system which are useful in liquid crystal projection systems that are easily manufactured, of lower cost, and permit the versatility of higher numerical aperture polarization conversions. Another aspect of the present invention are polarization modulating liquid crystal projection display systems utilizing the polarization conversion systems of the present invention.

Abstract: Cholesteric liquid crystal films using varying pitch helix structures aligned perpendicular to the surface of the film for broadband reflection and transmission of circularly polarized light distort the light at large viewing angles of incidence due to the elliptical cross section of the CLC helix with the light at large incident angles. By using compensating films of an infrared cholesteric liquid crystal to rotate the major axis of the elliptical light to ±45 degrees and a homeotropic film having elongated molecules with the long axis perpendicular to the surface of the film to convert the elliptically adjusted light from the IR CLC film to circularly polarized light, the distortions at large angles can be eliminated. The compensated light will be circularly polarized for large angles of incidence over a broad band.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates, a plurality of gate bus lines and data bus lines on the first substrate, the gate bus lines being perpendicular to the data bus lines, a plurality of pixels defined by the gate bus lines and the data bus lines, the pixels having a plurality of regions, at least a pair of electrodes in each region having a common direction, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules between the substrate.

Abstract: An optical compensatory sheet comprises a transparent substrate, an orientation layer and an optically anisotropic layer in order. The optically anisotropic layer comprises discotic liquid crystal molecules. The orientation layer comprises a denatured polyvinyl alcohol having a hydrocarbon group containing 10 to 100 carbon atoms or a denatured polyvinyl alcohol containing fluorine atoms. The discotic liquid crystal molecules are aligned at an average inclined angle in the range of 50° to 90°. An orientation layer, a liquid crystal display of an STN mode and a method of alignment of discotic liquid crystal molecules are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reflective type multilayer liquid crystal display having a blue liquid crystal light control layer, a green liquid crystal light control layer, and a red liquid crystal light control layer stacked in this order from a viewing side. The half width of a reflection spectrum of any of the liquid crystal light control layers is larger than that of the adjoining liquid crystal light control layer on the viewing side. Further, the maximum reflectance of the reflection spectrum of any of the liquid crystal light control layers is higher than that of the adjoining liquid crystal light control layer on the viewing side. In one embodiment, the chromaticity coordinate position, in the XYZ colorimetric system, of a color displayed when all the liquid crystal light control layers are in a state of reflecting at the maximum reflectance is present in a range within a distance of 0.02 from the chromaticity coordinate position of the standard white point.

Abstract: A pixel substrate has a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of reference signal lines which are arranged parallel with each other. A counter substrate includes a plurality of signal lines. Moreover, the pixel substrate has a connecting line for connecting the plurality of the reference signal lines to each other. The connecting line is provided in each of two regions outside of two sides among the peripheral sides of a region where a plurality of pixel electrodes are formed, the two sides being perpendicular to the reference signal lines. In this structure, a reference signal is input from both ends of the reference signal line. It is therefore possible to provide a liquid crystal display device which reduces the occurrence of a short circuit between the lines on the substrate and decreases the signal delay due to the load capacitance.

Abstract: In a combination reflective/transmissive liquid-crystal display device, when the liquid-crystal display device is in the transmissive mode, unpolarized light from a light source passes through a circular polarization separating layer, a half-wavelength layer in the off condition, and a first bidirectional dichroic circular polarizing layer and then strikes a liquid-crystal cell, the retardation value of which, as a result of an electrical field applied thereto, changes so as to shift light 0 to &pgr;, thereby modulating incident As circularly polarized light, which is caused to strike a second bidirectional dichroic circular polarizing layer, the transmitted component in which serves as the display light.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display apparatus including two electrodes and a twisted-mode type liquid crystal layer inserted between the electrodes, an electric field in the liquid crystal layer between the electrodes is changed within one pixel, when a voltage is applied between the electrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming an alignment layer for use in a liquid crystal display cell. The present invention includes a method of determining ion beam source operation parameters to provide a twist angle that is less than a predetermined maximum twist angle. The present invention also discloses a method for forming an improved liquid crystal display cell and an improved liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A pixel cell for a silicon LC light valve features a plurality of transparent electrically conducting pixel electrodes formed over a grounded reflective metal backplane. Dielectric material intervenes between the transparent electrodes and the grounded reflective backplane. This dielectric material, alone or in combination with the transparent electrode, creates a reflectance enhancing coating generating constructive interference of light reflected by the underlying backplane. The dielectric material also serves as the dielectric of an additional capacitive component having the active electrode and the grounded reflective metal backplane as plates. This architecture enhances the storage capacitance of the pixel cell, lowering sensitivity of the pixel to current leakage and reducing the pixel cell surface area. This pixel architecture also reduces the appearance of dark lines attributable to absorption of light in inter-pixel regions.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide the liquid crystal display (LCD) device with a structure which can prevent the light of a back light from being passing through a bonding region, and can prevent the TFTs of the pixel regions from being damaged by the accumulated electrostatic charges, during the handling of each discrete LCD panel, the rubbing process of the alignment layer on the lower glass substrate 1, the assembling process of the LCD panels, and the handling of the completed tiling panel. The present invention is directed to a LCD device comprising a first LCD panel and a second LCD panel; wherein one edge of the first LCD panel is positioned in proximity and adjacent to one edge of the second LCD panel; and wherein a light shielding and electrically conductive adhesive bonds the one edge of the first LCD panel and the one edge of the second LCD panel.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an LCD Panel includes providing a first transparent substrate, providing a second transparent substrate, forming a first sealing member on the first transparent substrate to surround a display area, the first sealing member being used for sealing a liquid crystal, the first sealing member having a first closed pattern, forming a second sealing member on the first or second substrate to surround the first sealing member, the second sealing member having a second closed patter; dropping a liquid crystal on the first or second substrate in the display area, coupling the first and second substrates with each other to form a gap between the first and second substrates in a vacuum atmosphere, forming a closed inner space between the first and second substrates by the first and second sealing members, the liquid crystal being confined in the inner space; curing the second sealing member; and curing the first sealing member.

Abstract: Active matrix domains are integrated and disposed on one and the same substrate. Then, directions of orientation are differentiated by 90° for one active matrix domain and the other active matrix domain. As a result, two images whose polarizing directions differ by 90° are formed when images formed in the two active matrix domains are combined. Then, one image is appropriated as an image for right eye and the other image as an image for left eye and the combined image is seen by wearing glasses equipped with polarizing filters whose polarizing directions are different by 90° for the right and left eyes. Then, the image for the right eye and that for the left eye may be seen independently and a stereoscopic image may be obtained.

Abstract: An electro-optical glazing structure having reflection and transparent modes of operation for selectively reflecting and transmitting electromagnetic radiation without absorption, respectively. The electro-optical glazing structure comprising: an electro-optical panel having first and second optical states of operation; a composite broad-band infrared (IR) reflective polarizing filter structure of electrically-passive construction, mounted to the electro-optical panel; and an optical state switching mechanism for switching the electro-optical panel to the first optical state of operation in order to induce the electro-optical glazing structure into the reflection mode of operation, and for switching the electro-optical panel to the second optical state of operation in order to induce the electro-optical glazing structure into the transparent mode of operation.

Abstract: Provided is a color filter 29 for reflection-type liquid crystal display devices, which comprises a light-reflecting layer 22, a transparent electrode 23, and a colorant layer 24 with electroconductive grains therein, as laminated in that order on a transparent or opaque substrate 21. Also provided is a reflection-type liquid crystal display device comprising the color filter, in which a substrate 27 having a transparent electrode 26 formed thereon is so combined with the color filter that the transparent electrode 26 faces the light input side of the color filter via a liquid crystal layer 25 existing therebetween. With that constitution, the device enjoys a broad angle of visibility and is not troubled by color drift (color mixing) The device can produce light images in light conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical device comprising two substantially parallel substrates with electrode layers on their facing sides for switching an optically active layer which is present between said substrates. Furthermore the present invention relates to a hybrid layer for use in such an optical device. Switching of the layers is enhanced by introducing optically anisotropic material in a porous structure.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a support means for supporting the display panel, and a housing for accommodating the display panel and the support means. The support means includes a first member to which the display panel is attached, a second member attached to the housing, and an elastic member disposed between the first and second members. The first and second members are integrally thermally bonded to each other via the elastic member through a process including a step of disposing the first member and the second member at prescribed positions within a mold, and an injection molding step of forming the elastic member between the first and second members by injection molding.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a vertically aligned liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second substrates. A first group of electrodes are formed on the first substrate, and a second group of electrodes are formed on the second substrate at staggered positions with respect to the first electrodes, the electrodes extending in the form of linearly elongated strips in a direction parallel to the substrate surfaces. A liquid crystal display apparatus of a transverse electric field drive type is thus provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes two electrode substrates and a liquid crystal layer laid between these substrates. One electrode is composed of a glass substrate with a plastics layer having plural convex portions or convex and concave portions randomly formed thereon and a lamination of a reflector, an insulating and flatting layer, a transparent electrode, and alignment layer formed on the plastics layer. The other electrode substrate is composed of a glass substrate and a lamination of a transparent electrode and alignment layer formed on the glass substrate. Both of the electrode substrates are located in a manner to allow the alignment layer of them to be opposed to each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided having a plurality of electrodes in electrical communication with a conduction portion of a plurality of external wirings. An external portion is in electrical communication with the plurality of electrodes and comprises a conduction layer having a predetermined thickness, the conduction layer being arranged in a predetermined pattern on the external portion and between the external wirings and the external portion.