Abstract: A reflection type liquid-crystal in which a light guide plate is in tight contact with a liquid-crystal display element having a reflecting layer through a bonding layer with refractive index in a range of from 1.40 to 1.55 and whole light transmittivity in a range of not less than 90%, the light guide plate being designed so that incident light from an incidence side surface is emitted from a lower surface through prismatic irregularities formed on an upper surface, and the light emitted from the lower surface takes maximum intensity at an angle of 30 degrees or less with respect to a normal to a plane of the lower surface, while maximum intensity of leakage light from the upper surface at that angle is not larger than ⅕ of the maximum intensity in the lower surface, and incident light from the lower surface is transmitted from the upper surface.

Abstract: This invention provides a liquid-crystal display where both pixel electrode 14 and common electrode 3 for controlling a liquid-crystal layer 40 are disposed above a color filter 10 covered with a shield electrode 20.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display apparatus including: a TFT array substrate having a plurality of scanning lines formed on a transparent insulating substrate by a metal film, a plurality of data lines formed on or beneath the scanning lines so as to be separated by an insulating film in such a manner as to intersect the scanning lines, switching elements that are formed by a semiconductor layer at respective intersections between the scanning lines and the data lines, and pixel electrodes that are formed by a transparent conductive film and electrically connected to the switching elements; and a counter substrate provided with a liquid crystal interposed between the TFT array substrate and the counter substrate; wherein a divisional exposing method is adopted as a patterning method on the TFT array substrate, so that adjacent exposing areas within a display area of the liquid crystal display apparatus have overlapped portions with each other, and so that a shot layout is defined in such a man

Abstract: The invention concerns an LCD connection for a communication unit to connect an LCD to PCB. The connection includes several parts to make the connection between the LCD and the PCB reliable, but still easy and cheap to assembly. It is also easy to dismantle since the connector is neither fixed mounted to the LCD nor to the PCB. The connector includes an LCD covered with an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) pad, an Anisotropic Conductive Foil (ACF) layer on top of the ITO pad, at least one Double Flexible Printed Circuit (DFPC) located on the ACF layer, a spring connector and a PCB. The invention also includes a method for connecting an LCD to a PCB.

Abstract: A scratch resistant display includes a substrate; an active portion on one surface of said substrate including at least a conductive layer; and a homeotropic organosilane layer deposited on the said active portion for reducing energy dissipation of an object contacting the display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device (1) comprises a liquid crystal display panel (3) and a reflector (5) disposed on the side of the liquid crystal display panel, opposite from the visible side thereof. The liquid crystal display panel (3) comprises liquid crystal (3f) sandwiched between two transparent substrates (3a, 3b), and display electrodes (3c, 3d) made up of a transparent and electrically conductive film provided on the inner faces of the respective substrates (3a 3b). The reflector (5) is provided with protrusions (5a) formed at positions corresponding to the display electrodes (3c, 3d) on a face thereof opposite to the liquid crystal display panel (3).

Abstract: In a tablet integrated type liquid crystal display apparatus, a first transparent substrate is provided on a view side. The first substrate is a plastic substrate having a thickness equal to or thinner than 0.6 mm, and a counter electrode is formed on the first substrate. A second substrate on which a driving layer composed of switching elements and pixel electrodes respectively connected to the switching elements is formed. The second substrate is a glass substrate having a thickness in a range of 0.6 mm to 1.1 mm. A guest host liquid crystal layer sandwiched by the first substrate and the second substrate such that the guest host liquid crystal is driven by a voltage applied between the counter electrode and the pixel electrode. A tablet electrode layer may be provided between the first substrate and the counter electrode.

Abstract: An anti-microbial touch panel includes a substrate; an active portion on one surface of the substrate; and a homeotropic organosilane layer deposited on the active portion for reducing survivability of microorganisms contacting the touch panel.

Abstract: An insulator substrate (10) is provided with a TFT including a first gate electrode (11), a gate insulating film (12), a semiconductor film (13) disposed above the first gate electrode (11), and an interlayer insulating film (15). On the interlayer insulating film (15) in a position above a channel (13c), the TFT further includes a second gate electrode (17) connected to the first gate electrode (11). A reflective display electrode (20) composed of a reflective material and connected to a source (13s) of the TFT is arranged to extend over the TFT. In addition, the gap (37) between adjacent reflective display electrodes (20) is arranged in a position other than a position above a drain signal line (52). With this arrangement, even when a black image is displayed on a crystal display device of a normally white mode, display defects due to reflection of incident light by a signal line are prevented.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a reflective type LCD, having the steps of: (a)providing a substrate; (b) forming a polymer resin layer on the substrate; (c) forming a positive-type photoresist layer on the polymer resin layer, wherein the upper surface of the photoresist layer has a convex/concave profile; and (d)performing a dry etching process to completely remove the photoresist layer and partially remove the polymer resin layer so as to shape the upper surface of the polymer resin layer into a convex/concave profile.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display including (a) a backlight source having a dominant emission peak at 380-420 nm, (b) a first polarization layer for selecting a light directed in a predetermined direction among lights emitted from the backlight source, (c) a second polarization layer for receiving a light selected by the first polarization layer, (d) first and second transparent substrates, (e) first and second transparent electrodes, (f) a liquid crystal layer, and (g) a fluorescent material layer receiving lights from the backlight source and emitting a light therefrom. The second polarization layer is located intermediate between the first and second transparent substrates.

Abstract: A homeotropic alignment type liquid crystal display device is provided with first and second substrates confronting each other, first and second bus lines arranged in mutually perpendicular directions on the second substrate, liquid crystals provided between the first and second substrates, and first, second and third projecting structures restricting alignment of the liquid crystals. The first projecting structures have a sloping surface which is inclined with respect to the first substrate and are provided on the first substrate in parallel with the first bus lines. The second projecting structures have a sloping surface which is inclined with respect to the second substrate and are provided on the second substrate in parallel with the first bus lines.

Abstract: An inventive array substrate for the transflective liquid crystal display device includes a pixel electrode, a reflective electrode, and an interposed insulation layer. When the pixel electrode is under the reflective electrode, the sum of the thickness of the insulation layer and the reflective electrode is less than 0.5 micrometers. In other embodiments, upper surfaces of the reflective and pixel electrodes are on the same plane. This results from adjusting the thickness and changing the structure such as adopting a drain supplementary electrode extended from the drain electrode of the thin film transistor or positioning the pixel electrode within the transmitting hole of the reflective electrode.

Abstract: A panel light source device includes a light source, a light guide plate for guiding and diffusing light from the light source, and a frame for housing the light guide plate. The frame has a convexity inside thereof and the light guide plate has a concavity on a side or lower surface thereof. The convexity and the concavity are engaged with each other, and the light guide plate is provided in the frame so as to cover at least a part of an upper surface of the light guide plate.

Abstract: In a horizontal electric field drive type liquid crystal electro-optic device wherein a liquid crystal material is driven by controlling the strength of an electric field parallel to a substrate, noncontinuity of the electric field strength around each pixel electrode is minimized and thereby the occurrence of flaws in the orientation of the liquid crystal material and dispersion in operation are reduced and a construction having improved display characteristics and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. In a horizontal electric field drive type liquid crystal electro-optic device wherein a gate electrode 403, a source electrode 407, a drain electrode 408, a semiconductor film 406 and a common electrode 404 are formed on a glass substrate and a liquid crystal material is driven by controlling the strength of an electric field substantially parallel to the glass substrate, the electrodes and the semiconductor film are made curved, for example semi-circular or semi-elliptical, in sectional profile.

Abstract: An in-line operation for manufacturing liquid crystal displays. First, a liquid crystal cell is pulled out from a first stocking region and placed inside a processing station by a loader. The liquid crystal cell is shunt, beveled and corner-cut by a shunt and bevel unit inside the processing station. The liquid crystal cell is next transferred directly to a brush-washing unit for cleaning. After cleaning, the semi-finished product is directly transferred from a linked stocking region to an affixing unit for attaching a polarizer onto the liquid crystal cell. The semi-finished product is transferred to a second stocking region by an unloader. Sample inspection can be carried out when the semi-finished product is still within the linked stocking region.

Abstract: A polarization mask for producing light of locally different polarization from unpolarized or uniformly polarized light. On the light output side, discrete areas with different polarization directions are present, which are either static or switchable. The mask is useful for, among other things, the transfer of polarization pattern onto a PPN layer.

Abstract: In a partially formed liquid crystal display device, a window definition layer defines an etching endpoint detection window over a dummy pattern formed on the substrate. The window definition layer also defines an etch window over a real pattern formed on the substrate. The real pattern and the dummy pattern have the same thickness. During an etching process, a reactant from the etching step is monitored to determine when to stop the etching process.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus containing an image sensor, which comprises a liquid crystal display part comprising an active matrix circuit, a peripheral driver circuit for driving the active matrix circuit, and a sensor part, integrated on one substrate, wherein the sensor part is sealed and protected with a sealing part and a counter substrate.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device, support columns are formed on the outside of a seal area in an edge area of opposing substrates, thus reducing substrate deformation and preventing the occurrence of air bubbles inside the liquid crystal layer, undesirable coloring of the display area, and color irregularity. Support columns 9 formed using a conductive ink are provided on the outside of seal material 6 used for sealing liquid crystal layer 5 contained between top substrate 1 and bottom substrate 2. The support columns 9 prevent the warping of substrates 1 and 2 caused by the shrinkage of mold material 8 during hardening, reducing the changes in the liquid crystal layer thickness. Support columns 9 are print-formed simultaneously with the conductive connection area of the liquid crystal panel, and are hardened simultaneously with the seal material.