Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) a sterically hindered 4,4'-thiobis phenol.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ingition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) organic phosphate.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) a boronated phenolic compound.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) an alkoxyalkanol.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) a P.sub.2 S.sub.5 -terpene reaction product.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided to facilitate the transporation and combustion of highly viscous hydrocarbons by forming reduced viscosity hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions, and in particular, bioemulsifier-stabilized hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions.

Abstract: A method of reducing fuel consumption in an automotive internal combustion engine which comprises operating said engine on gasoline hydrocarbon fuel containing an effective fuel reducing amount of a selected additive which is a hydroxyl-containing ester of a monocarboxylic acid and a glycol or trihydric alcohol, said ester additive having at least one free hydroxyl group.

Abstract: This invention relates to polyalkylenes which contain both halogen and ester groups, to the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof as pour depressants for fuel oils. This invention also relates to polyalkylene esters.

Abstract: Oxazoline salts of acid phosphates derived from hydrocarbyl diols are effective multifunctional friction reducing additives when incorporated into various fluid hydrocarbyl compositions.

Abstract: Diterpene glycosides have been found to enhance and modify the flavor of orally consumable compositions, such as foodstuffs, smoking compositions, chewing compositions, oral hygiene compositions and medicinal compositions to improve or vary the sensory perceptions thereof. An orally consumable composition having an enhanced or modified flavor comprises an effective amount of a diterpene glycoside. A diterpene glycoside can be added to an orally consumable composition as a constituent of the leaf material of Stevia rebaudiana. One or more compounds which are not diterpene glycosides, which contribute an unpleasant or unsweet taste to the leaf material of Stevia rebaudiana, can be removed from the leaf material by heating the leaf material at a temperature in the range of about 60.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. or by extraction with an organic solvent having a polarity greater than hexane but less than water.

Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (ii) an additive selected from the group consisting of fuel-soluble aliphatic hydrocarbon-substituted succinimide, succinamide and mixtures thereof. The aliphatic hydrocarbon group contains about 12-36 carbon atoms and is derived from an isomerized straight chain .alpha.-olefin.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the formation of homogeneous fuel compositions containing a petroleum cut and at least one short chain aliphatic alcohol, essentially methanol, ethanol and the butanols, through dilution with an additive constituted by a C.sub.6 to C.sub.24 glycerol monoether.

Abstract: An additive for alkanol-containing fuels is disclosed which has improved lubricating and wear characteristics. The additive comprises an ester of a monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: A novel fuel composition contains ethanol or gasohol, and, as a wear-corrosion-inhibiting additive, an aminated polyisopropoxylated polyethoxylated alkylphenol ##STR1## wherein R is a (C.sub.5 -C.sub.30) alkyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl group, x is a numeral of about 5 to about 30, and y is a numeral of about 1 to about 20.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyaminoalkenyl or alkyl succinimides which have been modified by treatment with a compound of the formula: ##STR1## R.sub.4 is an alkylene group of from 2 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkylene group of from 2 to 3 carbon atoms substituted with from 1 to 3 alkyl groups of from 1 to 2 carbon atoms each. The modified polyamino alkenyl or alkyl succinimides of this invention have been found to possess dispersancy and detergency in lubricating oils. These modified succinimides are also useful as dispersants and detergents in fuels.

Abstract: It has been discovered that a fuel additive comprising a major proportion of a high molecular weight amine, and minor proportions of naptha and a poly alpha olefin synthetic oil, together with a small amount of a biocide can be combined with distillate fuels such as kerosene and diesel fuels in a ratio of about one part additive to about 3,000 to about 10,000 parts of fuel to produce a polymerization and bacteria inhibitor, as well as a rust inhibitor which is capable of depolymerizing and dispersing sludge and sludge forming polymers in stored fuel.

Abstract: A process for converting a hazy water saturated alcohol-gasoline blend into a clear, stable gasoline composition having an improved octane rating. The conversion is made by adding to and blending with the hazy gasoline, a nonionic surfactant of an alkanoic acid derivative.

Abstract: A new process for preparing a tobacco flavoring formulation is provided. In this process, tobacco leaves are extracted with cold water 0.degree.-10.degree. C. in a quantity at most five times as much as the amount thereof, an extracted liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation is concentrated at a temperature of 30.degree.-50.degree. C. to a solute concentration of 25-35%, and the thus obtained concentrated extract is compounded with a polyvalent alcohol into said formulation.

Abstract: Additives for internal combustion engines are provided which in fuels maintain cleanliness of intake system without contributing to combustion chamber deposits. The additives are hydrocarbylopoly(oxyalkylene) polyamine ethanes comprising a hydrocarbyl-terminated poly(oxyalkylene) chain of 2-5 carbon oxyalkylene units bonded to an ethane or branched ethane chain in turn bonded to a nitrogen atom of a polyamine having from 2 to 12 amine nitrogens and from 2 to 40 carbon atoms with a carbon:nitrogen ratio between 1:1 and 10:1.

Abstract: Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of (i) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (ii) sorbitan esters.Also described are additive mixtures of (i) and (ii) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.