Abstract: A library of known intrinsic spectra is provided to identify at least one known material in a sample of interest. The library includes individual intrinsic spectra channels defined by the assignment of intrinsic spectra of at least one known material, and combinations thereof, so that the assigned intrinsic spectra of each intrinsic spectra channel is correlated to at least one known material. The at least one known material is identified in the sample of interest when intrinsic spectra obtained from the sample of interest is matched to an assigned intrinsic spectra of an intrinsic spectra channel of the library of known intrinsic spectra.

Abstract: An array (map) of intrinsic images of an image of interest is established by selecting the intensities of a focused and defocused/diffused images of the image of interest. After obtaining a first focused image, a series of defocused/diffused images are obtained at different exposure times, where intrinsic images are obtained from the first focused image and the series of defocused/diffused images in order to form an array of image sets of the intrinsic images in the form of a matrix. In addition, a second focused image can be obtained at a different exposure time than the first focused image, and a second series defocused/diffused images are obtained at different exposure times, where second intrinsic images are obtained from the second focused image and the second series of defocused/diffused images in order to form an array of image sets of the intrinsic images and the second intrinsic images in the form of a matrix.

Abstract: An access control apparatus having a protective covering configure to cover at least one of a subject or an object inside said protective covering is provided, where an opening is configured to provide access to the at least one of a subject or an object and a covering element configured to selectively cover said opening. A receiving element is provided on the protective covering and an activating device with an activating element is provided external to the protective covering.

Abstract: A library of known intrinsic spectra is provided to identify at least one known material in a sample of interest. The library includes individual intrinsic spectra channels defined by the assignment of intrinsic spectra of at least one known material, and combinations thereof, so that the assigned intrinsic spectra of each intrinsic spectra channel is correlated to at least one known material. The at least one known material is identified in the sample of interest when intrinsic spectra obtained from the sample of interest is matched to an assigned intrinsic spectra of an intrinsic spectra channel of the library of known intrinsic spectra.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated methodology are provided to obtain intrinsic hyper-spectral data cubes such that the intrinsic spectrum associated with each pixel of the field of view does not contain irrelevant spectral components. This is accomplished by obtaining a focused spatial image of the field of view and a diffuse image of the field of view with a slit arrangement including a translucent material that allows imaging of a focused spatial image with its associated spectrum and a diffuse image of the illumination with its associated spectrum at essentially the same time. Unprocessed intrinsic data cubes are generated from the obtained spectrum which are processed with the intrinsic methodology of the invention to generate an intrinsic hyper-spectral data cube of the field of view.

Abstract: The invention provides an equipment and a system that addresses the key concerns of eating/drinking in public while minimizing the chance of contamination of the eater and the public in general. The equipment can be a face mask, a face shield or a helmet that completely encloses at least the mouth and the nose of a person while providing intermittent access to the mouth without removal of the equipment. A mouth opening is provided on the equipment which is selectively blocked or unblocked by a covering element moved by a moving mechanism that moves the cover element to block or unblock the mouth opening. The mouth opening is selectively blocked or unblocked based on the distance between an activating element provided on a utensil or a wearable device and a receiving element provided on the equipment.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to generate intrinsic images without barrier filters and dichroic mirrors is provided. The method involves acquisition of an image of a focused field of view and a diffused image of the same field of view. The diffused image is obtained by placing a translucent material in the path between a camera and the field of view. The translucent material permits transmission of the illumination energy while diffusing the spatial details of the field of view, thus producing a featureless image of illumination intensities. The focused and diffused images are then processed pixel-by-pixel by to generate intrinsic images free of irrelevant illumination.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to generate intrinsic images without barrier filters and dichroic mirrors is provided. The method involves acquisition of an image of a focused field of view and a diffused image of the same field of view. The diffused image is obtained by placing a translucent material in the path between a camera and the field of view. The translucent material permits transmission of the illumination energy while diffusing the spatial details of the field of view, thus producing a featureless image of illumination intensities. The focused and diffused images are then processed pixel-by-pixel by to generate intrinsic images free of irrelevant illumination.

Abstract: The invention provides a retraining system that requires EM sensors, programmable computers and mechanical structures that are controlled by the programmable computers so that injured body parts of injury subjects are moved by the mechanical structures. The retraining methodology proposes the use of electromyograph (EMG) signals from a healthy subject having a healthy body part to control the mechanical structures that are coupled to the injured body parts of injury subjects. As part of the retraining system, the EMG signals of the same injured subject are also sensed by an EM sensor coupled to said injured subject in order to move the mechanical structures coupled to the injured subject. The system is calibrated to store in the programmable computers specific motions associated to the EMG signals of the healthy subject and to ensure that the EMG signals of the healthy subject and the EMG signals of the injured subject are significantly matched.

Abstract: The Intrinsic Hyper-Spectral Flow Cytometer (IHSFC) and its associated methodology, improves current flow cytometry by eliminating the need of associated hardware-based elements currently used for spectral data detection. The (IHSFC), rather than using narrow band lasers to excite or interrogate the analytes, the flow stream is excited by a wide wavelength range beam. The raw data generated by the (IHSFC) are as follows; forward light scatter, right angle light scatter, coherent spectral data and non-coherent spectral data. The intrinsic fluorescent spectral components are extracted from the coherent and non-coherent spectral data.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of obtaining data cubes such that elimination of the irrelevant portion of the illumination reveals the low intensity intrinsic spectral components. The method obtains target and reference data cubes using a single camera and of a single field of view so that low-level intrinsic spectral components may be detected and enhanced under conditions of high illumination intensity without the use of filters. Two exposures in rapid succession of the same field of view at the same camera settings are taken, one exposure of the target is taken under coherent conditions where the field of view is in focus, and the second exposure is of the same field of view taken under non-coherent conditions where the target is defocused such that it has no discernible spatial features in the field of view.

Abstract: A method is provided to obtain a full range intrinsic spectral signature for spectroscopy and spectral imaging. The method eliminates the irrelevant spectral components and is used to normalize the spectral intensities across the full wavelength ranges obtained from different instrumentation. The method determines the intrinsic instrument noise levels and the noise level across the spectral range is averaged for each spectrum. By determining the percent of the integrated instrument noise relative to the integrated illumination energy for each instrument, the instrument noise can be normalized to one common value and the intensity values of the intrinsic sample spectra can be normalized proportionately and combined into a continuous intrinsic spectrum across the wavelength ranges of the contributing instruments. The methodology is also implemented in spectral imaging and spectral data cubes.

Abstract: An adjustable LED lighting fixture which accommodates LED lights of varying lengths. The LED fixture has a central body element, and two movable end elements movably attached to two opposing sides of the central body element and extend in a direction normal to a length of the fixture. The two end elements face each other with LED pin sockets facing each other whereby an LED tube light is able to be operationally inserted into the LED pin sockets. Two slidable elements are attached to the end elements and extending in a direction in a direction along the length of the fixture and toward the other of the end elements and through a retention element. The slidable elements permit the expansion and contraction of the length of the LED fixture, by sliding relative movement toward and away from the other of the end elements, to hold LED light tubes of varying lengths.

Abstract: An adjustable LED lighting fixture which accommodates LED lights of varying lengths. The LED fixture has a central body element, and two movable end elements movably attached to two opposing sides of the central body element and extend in a direction normal to a length of the fixture. The two end elements face each other with LED pin sockets facing each other whereby an LED tube light is able to be operationally inserted into the LED pin sockets. Two slidable elements are attached to the end elements and extending in a direction in a direction along the length of the fixture and toward the other of the end elements and through a retention element. The slidable elements permit the expansion and contraction of the length of the LED fixture, by sliding relative movement toward and away from the other of the end elements, to hold LED light tubes of varying lengths.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of removing the illumination and background spectral components thus isolating spectra from multi-spectral and hyper-spectral data cubes. The invention accomplishes this by first balancing a reference and sample data cubes for each spectra associated with each location, or pixel/voxel, in the spatial image. The set of residual spectra produced in the balancing step is used to obtain and correct a new set of reference spectra that is used to remove the illumination and background components in a sample data cube.