Abstract: A production process of a fluorosulfuric acid aromatic-ring ester according to the present invention includes reaction of an aromatic-ring hydroxyl compound with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of a tertiary amine except pyridine and methylpyridine. The sulfuryl fluoride, used as the reactant in the production process according to the present invention, is widely adapted as a fumigant and is easily available on a large scale. Further, the target compound can be obtained rapidly with a high yield under moderate reaction conditions in the production process according to the present invention. In this way, all of the prior art problems can be solved in the production process according to the present invention. The production process according to the present invention is thus particularly useful for industrial production of the fluorosulfuric acid aromatic-ring ester.

Abstract: A production process of an ?-fluoroaldehyde according to the present invention includes reaction of an ?-fluoroester with hydrogen gas (H2) in the presence of a ruthenium complex. It is possible in the present invention to allow relatively easy industrial production of the ?-fluoroaldehyde and to directly obtain, as stable synthetic equivalents of the ?-fluoroaldehyde, not only a hydrate (as obtained by conventional techniques) but also a hemiacetal that is easy to purify and is of high value in synthetic applications. The present invention provides solutions to all problems in the conventional techniques and establishes the significantly useful process for production of the ?-fluoroaldehyde.

Abstract: A first external tool (10A) serially connected to an electronic controller (20A) through a pair of communication lines (LANH, LANN) applies a high voltage (Vaa) higher than a normal control voltage (Vcc) to the communication line (LANH) when a program is written. The electronic controller (20A) recognizes connection of the first external tool (10A) by a comparison circuit (212A) for monitoring a received voltage and a write-mode determination circuit (218A), initializes a microprocessor (200), and receives and stores an total control program (TCPRG) in a program memory (204A) based on a content of a boot program memory (201). During an operation of the electronic controller (20A), the external tool (10A) is removed and the high voltage (Vaa) is not applied to the communication line (LANH). Therefore, the electronic control apparatus is not erroneously placed in the write mode.

Abstract: A binder resin composition for secondary battery electrodes is described as containing a polymer (A) that has a structural unit represented by general formula (1) and a water-insoluble particulate polymer (B-1) and/or a water-soluble polymer (B-2) where (A), (B-1) and (B-2) are defined as described. A slurry for secondary battery electrodes contains the binder resin composition, an active material and a solvent. An electrode for secondary batteries is provided with a collector and an electrode layer that is arranged on the collector, where the electrode layer contains an active material and the binder resin composition. Alternatively, the electrode layer is obtained by applying the slurry for secondary battery electrodes to the collector, and drying the slurry thereon.

Abstract: A binder resin for a nonaqueous secondary battery electrode of the invention satisfies Is?30 (Is indicates a sum of scattering intensities observed in a particle size range of from 1 to 100 nm) when a solution is formed by dissolving the binder resin in water at a concentration of 5% by mass and particle size distribution is measured by a dynamic light scattering method at 25° C. The binder resin contains a polymer (B) having a structural unit represented by the following Formula (11) and a specific structural unit. The binder resin also contains a polymer (?) having a specific structural unit and a structural unit represented by the following Formula (22), and/or a mixture of a polymer (?1) having a specific structural unit and a polymer (?2) having a structural unit represented by the following Formula (22).

Abstract: Fluorosulfuric acid esters can be produced by reacting alcohols with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of a base and water. As a substrate thereof, optically active secondary alcohols are preferable, and optically active ?-hydroxyesters and optically active 4-hydroxyprolines are particularly preferable. By performing the reaction in a two-phase system in the presence of a reaction solvent immiscible with water, a desired reaction proceeds particularly well. The present invention is a production method solving all the problems involved in conventional techniques while being industrially practicable.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing an optically active fluorinated oxetane, which can be an important pharmaceutical or agricultural intermediate, by reaction of a fluorinated ?-keto ester with an acyl alkenyl ether in the presence of a transition metal complex with an optically active ligand. This method utilizes a catalytic asymmetric synthesis process and does not require a stoichiometric amount of chiral source. It is thus possible to dramatically reduce the amount of use of the asymmetric catalyst especially when the reaction is performed at a high concentration of substrate (with the use of a small amount of reaction solvent) or in the absence of a reaction solvent (under neat conditions). Further, the target optically active fluorinated oxetane can be obtained with high yield and with very high optical purity. The product contains almost no difficult-to-separate impurity and shows high chemical purity.

Abstract: A production process of an ?-fluoroaldehyde according to the present invention includes reaction of an ?-fluoroester with hydrogen gas (H2) in the presence of a ruthenium complex. It is possible in the present invention to allow relatively easy industrial production of the ?-fluoroaldehyde and to directly obtain, as stable synthetic equivalents of the ?-fluoroaldehyde, not only a hydrate (as obtained by conventional techniques) but also a hemiacetal that is easy to purify and is of high value in synthetic applications. The present invention provides solutions to all problems in the conventional techniques and establishes the significantly useful process for production of the ?-fluoroaldehyde.

Abstract: Disclosed is a purification method of reducing and removing fluoride ions contained in an optically active ?-fluorocarboxylic acid ester represented by formula [1] [in the formula, R1 represents a C1-6 alkyl group, R2 represents a C1-4 alkyl group, and * represents an asymmetric carbon], the purification method of the optically active ?-fluorocarboxylic acid ester being characterized by that a distillation is conducted in the presence of an organic base. By this method, it is possible to greatly reduce the concentration of fluoride ion traces contained in the optically active ?-fluorocarboxylic acid ester by a relatively easy operation. Of the organic base, a tertiary amine is preferable, and above all tri-n-butylamine is particularly preferable.

Abstract: A production process of a fluorosulfuric acid aromatic-ring ester according to the present invention includes reaction of an aromatic-ring hydroxyl compound with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of a tertiary amine except pyridine and methylpyridine. The sulfuryl fluoride, used as the reactant in the production process according to the present invention, is widely adapted as a fumigant and is easily available on a large scale. Further, the target compound can be obtained rapidly with a high yield under moderate reaction conditions in the production process according to the present invention. In this way, all of the prior art problems can be solved in the production process according to the present invention. The production process according to the present invention is thus particularly useful for industrial production of the fluorosulfuric acid aromatic-ring ester.

Abstract: In the presence invention, a (2R)-2-fluoro-2-C-methyl-D-ribono-?-lactone precursor is produced in the form of a ring-opened fluorinated compound by reaction of a 1,2-diol with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of an organic base and, optionally, a fluoride ion source. The production method of the present invention secures less number of process steps as compared to the conventional production method (shortening of three steps: cyclic sulfurous esterification, oxidation and ring-opening fluorination to one step) and satisfies the requirements for industrial production (high yield and high reproductivity). The thus-obtained (2R)-2-fluoro-2-C-methyl-D-ribono-?-lactone precursor is useful as an important intermediate for the synthesis of 2?-deoxy-2?-fluoro-2?-C-methylcytidine with antivirus activity.

Abstract: A production method of a ?-fluoroalcohol includes performing a reaction of an ?-fluoroester with hydrogen gas (H2) in the presence of a specific ruthenium complex (i.e. a ruthenium complex of the general formula [2], preferably a ruthenium complex of the general formula [4]). This production method can employ a suitable hydrogen pressure of 1 MPa or less by the use of such a specific ruthenium complex and does not require a high-pressure gas production facility when put in industrial practice. In addition, this production method can remarkably reduce the amount of catalyst used therein (to e.g. a substrate/catalyst ratio of 20,000) in comparison to the substrate/catalyst ratio conventional reduction of ?-fluoroalcohol. It is possible by these reduction in hydrogen pressure and catalyst amount to largely reduce the production cost of the ?-fluoroalcohol.

Abstract: An ?-trifluoromethyl-?,?-unsaturated ester can be produced by reacting an ?-trifluoromethyl-?-hydroxy ester with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of an organic base. It is preferable that the raw substrate has a hydrogen atom as one ?-position substituent group and either an alkyl group, a substituted alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a substituted alkenyl group, an aromatic ring group or a substituted aromatic ring group as the other ?-position substituent group. It is more preferable that an ester moiety of the raw substrate is an alkyl ester. This raw substrate is readily available. Further, the desired reaction can proceed favorably with the use of this raw substrate. It is also preferable to use either 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN) or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as the organic base. The desired reaction can proceed more favorably with the use of this organic base.

Abstract: A production method of a ?-fluoroalcohol includes performing a reaction of an ?-fluoroester with hydrogen gas (H2) in the presence of a specific ruthenium complex (i.e. a ruthenium complex of the general formula [2], preferably a ruthenium complex of the general formula [4]). This production method can employ a suitable hydrogen pressure of 1 MPa or less by the use of such a specific ruthenium complex and does not require a high-pressure gas production facility when put in industrial practice. In addition, this production method can remarkably reduce the amount of catalyst used therein (to e.g. a substrate/catalyst ratio of 20,000) in comparison to the substrate/catalyst ratio conventional reduction of ?-fluoroalcohol. It is possible by these reduction in hydrogen pressure and catalyst amount to largely reduce the production cost of the ?-fluoroalcohol.

Abstract: ?-Trifluoromethyl-?-substituted-?-amino acids can be produced by allowing ?-trifluoromethyl-?-substituted-?,?-unsaturated esters to react with hydroxylamine to convert ?-trifluoromethyl-?-substituted-?,?-unsaturated esters into dehydrogenated closed-ring body of ?-trifluoromethyl-?-substituted-?-amino acid, and by hydrogenolyzing the dehydrogenated closed-ring body. According to this production process, novel ?-trifluoromethyl-?-substituted-?-amino acids which are free amino acids whose functional groups are not protected can be produced, in which ?-position substituent is not limited to aromatic ring group or substituted aromatic ring group while the relative stereochemistry of ?-position and ?-position can be also controlled.

Abstract: Provided is a drive control device capable of surely detecting, by a monitoring/controlling unit, an abnormality of a short circuit and a disconnection in a power supply circuit to an electric load, and of decreasing a load required for a quick response imposed on the monitoring/controlling unit. A switching element is controlled to open/close by a control output signal generated by a monitoring/controlling unit, and a determination storing circuit determines whether circuit opening and circuit closing have been correctly carried out and stores a result of the determination, and periodically reports to the monitoring/controlling unit. While the stored content of the determination is periodically reset, the determination operation is updated and continues. The monitoring/controlling unit does not need to immediately monitor the determination storing signal when the open/closing command is generated.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a production process of a 2-fluoroacrylic ester including: a bromination step of converting a 2-fluoropropionic ester to a 2-bromo-2-fluoropropionic ester by reaction of the 2-fluoropropionic ester with a nitrogen-bromine bond-containing brominating agent in the presence of a radical initiator; and a dehydrobromination step of reacting the 2-bromo-2-fluoropropionic ester with a base. It is not necessary in this process to adopt very-low-temperature conditions and to use a stoichiometric amount of expensive reagent. The target 2-fluoroacrylic ester can be thus produced at low cost.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing a protected optically active fluoroamine, which comprises the step of reacting an imine-protected optically active hydroxyamine, an oxazolidine-protected optically active hydroxyamine, or a mixture of the imine-protected optically active hydroxyamine and the oxazolidine-protected optically active hydroxyamine, with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of a tertiary amine having a carbon number of 7 to 18 (produced by substituting all of three hydrogen atoms in ammonia by alkyl groups). The desired optically active fluoroamine can be produced by hydrolyzing the protected optically active fluoroamine under acidic conditions.

Abstract: In the presence invention, a (2R)-2-fluoro-2-C-methyl-D-ribono-?-lactone precursor is produced in the form of a ring-opened fluorinated compound by reaction of a 1,2-diol with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of an organic base and, optionally, a fluoride ion source. The production method of the present invention secures less number of process steps as compared to the conventional production method (shortening of three steps: cyclic sulfurous esterification, oxidation and ring-opening fluorination to one step) and satisfies the requirements for industrial production (high yield and high reproductivity). The thus-obtained (2R)-2-fluoro-2-C-methyl-D-ribono-?-lactone precursor is useful as an important intermediate for the synthesis of 2?-deoxy-2?-fluoro-2?-C-methylcytidine with antivirus activity.

Abstract: Segments each comprising an internal surface panel and outer wall panels at the peripheral edges of the internal surface panel are linked together in the circumferential direction to constitute a pipe unit. A wire or a band of aramid fibers is attached to the pipe unit, and the pipe units with the wire or the band of aramid fibers attached thereto are linked in succession in the pipe length direction to assemble a rehabilitation pipe inside an existing pipe. The wire or band of aramid fiber has high tensile strength, and can be embedded within a solidified filler that fills the gap between an existing pipe and the rehabilitation pipe, and therefore a high-strength composite pipe can be constructed.