Abstract: The present invention verifies a method of reducing skin irritation (particularly, cumulative skin irritation) caused by transdermal administration of a local anesthetic using iontophoresis, and provides an electrode pad for relief from a puncture pain which is safe not only at single administration but also at repeated administrations. The electrode pad comprises a base sheet; an electrode placed on the base sheet; an adhesive sheet placed on the base sheet and having an opening, within which the electrode being exposed; and a medicament reservoir containing a local anesthetic and placed in the opening of the adhesive sheet while being in contact with the electrode. An inner peripheral surface of the opening of the adhesive sheet and an outer peripheral surface of the medicament reservoir are prevented from coming into contact with human skin while contacting with each other, and thereby skin irritation is reduced.

Abstract: A projection video display apparatus includes an input unit to input a video signal; a display to display the inputted video signal; a plurality of light sources to generate light; an illumination optical system to guide the generated light to the display; a projection optical system to project light via the display; and a controller to control the light sources, a lighting ratio and a current value per time for each light source. The controller has a black display control mode, for each light source, which makes a relative rate of a lighting ratio for a light source with a specific color smaller than the other light sources, and reduces the current value of the other light sources to be less than a current value of the light source with the specific color when compared with a case where the input video signal is a white signal.

Abstract: A projection-type video image display apparatus measures quantity of light of a plurality of light sources by maintaining illuminance distribution of an illumination luminous flux. The apparatus includes R, B and G light sources, and a mirror configured to reflect white light obtained by synthesizing the light rays emitted from the respective light sources while making the white light pass through the mirror based on predetermined transmittance characteristics. An illuminance sensor disposed on the mirror's back surface and configured to measure quantity of light for each color of the white light which passed through the mirror, and a controller adjusts an amount of light emission of the light source of each color based on the quantity of light measured. The mirror allows the transmittance characteristics of each light transmittance in the center wavelengths of the R and B lights sources to be larger than those of the G light source.

Abstract: In a projection-type image display apparatus configured to project images formed on a display element by using light from a plurality of light sources, the apparatus includes light-source coolers provided to the light sources and configured to cool the light sources, and the light-source coolers are arranged so that light-source heat dissipating directions of all the light-source coolers are substantially the same among the light-source coolers the light-source heat dissipating directions being directed toward heat dissipating parts dissipating the heat of the light sources with reference to heat absorbing parts absorbing the heat of the light sources.

Abstract: A projection-type video image display apparatus measures quantity of light of a plurality of light sources by maintaining illuminance distribution of an illumination luminous flux. The apparatus includes R, B and G light sources, and a mirror configured to reflect white light obtained by synthesizing the light rays emitted from the respective light sources while making the white light pass through the mirror based on predetermined transmittance characteristics. An illuminance sensor disposed on the mirror's back surface and configured to measure quantity of light for each color of the white light which passed through the mirror, and a controller adjusts an amount of light emission of the light source of each color based on the quantity of light measured. The mirror allows the transmittance characteristics of each light transmittance in the center wavelengths of the R and B lights sources to be larger than those of the G light source.

Abstract: A projection type image display device includes a focus adjusting unit that adjusts a focal position of a projection lens. The projection lens includes a front side lens group and a rear side lens group which are displaceable toward the screen. The focus adjusting unit includes a back focus adjusting unit that adjusts a position of the rear side lens group and a peripheral adjusting unit that adjusts a position of the front side lens group, and the back focus adjusting unit and the peripheral adjusting unit independently adjust the position of the rear side lens group and the position of the front side lens group by individual driving of motors.

Abstract: An initial light control value calculation section calculates the backlight's initial light control value K0 according to brightness of an inputted image signal for each area. A black area measurement section measures a black area S by obtaining ratio of the number of pixels satisfying Y?Y0 (Y: brightness signal level, Y0: black level threshold) in the screen. A minimum light control value output section determines a minimum light control value Kmin based on comparison between the measured black area S and a black area threshold S0 and outputs a maximum value permissible for the light control value as the value Kmin when the black area S is the threshold value S0 or less. An LED control signal calculation section outputs a control signal to LED light sources based on a light control value K1 as the higher one of K0 and Kmin.

Abstract: A television device structured to automatically adjust the color temperature on the display screen in accordance with the viewing environment includes an external light detection unit or an optical sensor for detecting the illuminance and the tint of the ambient light, and an image quality control unit or a microcomputer for adjusting quality of the video image to be displayed on the display panel. The image quality control unit adjusts the color temperature of the video image to be displayed in accordance with the illuminance value and the tint value detected by the external light detection unit. The optical sensor includes an illuminance sensor for mainly detecting the visible light, and an infrared sensor for mainly detecting the infrared light. The illuminance value and the tint value are obtained based on the output values of those two sensors.

Abstract: An initial light control value calculation section calculates the backlight's initial light control value K0 according to brightness of an inputted image signal for each area. A black area measurement section measures a black area S by obtaining ratio of the number of pixels satisfying Y?Y0 (Y: brightness signal level, Y0: black level threshold) in the screen. A minimum light control value output section determines a minimum light control value Kmin based on comparison between the measured black area S and a black area threshold S0 and outputs a maximum value permissible for the light control value as the value Kmin when the black area S is the threshold value S0 or less. An LED control signal calculation section outputs a control signal to LED light sources based on a light control value K1 as the higher one of K0 and Kmin.

Abstract: A television device structured to automatically adjust the color temperature on the display screen in accordance with the viewing environment includes an external light detection unit or an optical sensor for detecting the illuminance and the tint of the ambient light, and an image quality control unit or a microcomputer for adjusting quality of the video image to be displayed on the display panel. The image quality control unit adjusts the color temperature of the video image to be displayed in accordance with the illuminance value and the tint value detected by the external light detection unit. The optical sensor includes an illuminance sensor for mainly detecting the visible light, and an infrared sensor for mainly detecting the infrared light. The illuminance value and the tint value are obtained based on the output values of those two sensors.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor element, comprises: (1) forming a first insulating layer for electric field relaxation that is thicker than a first gate insulating layer in a first channel region of a transistor of a first conductive type that is one of P-type and N-type polarity formed on a semiconductor silicon wafer to surround an edge of a first gate electrode in order to reduce an electric field concentrated to a region surrounding the edge of the first gate electrode because of a voltage applied to the first gate electrode and a first drain region of the transistor of the first conductive type, and forming a second insulating layer for electric field relaxation that is thicker than a second gate insulating layer in a second channel region of a transistor of a second conductive type to surround the edge of the first gate electrode in order to reduce an electric field concentrated to a region surrounding an edge of a second gate electrode because of a voltage applied to the second gate electrod

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor element, comprises: (1) forming a first insulating layer for electric field relaxation that is thicker than a first gate insulating layer in a first channel region of a transistor of a first conductive type that is one of P-type and N-type polarity formed on a semiconductor silicon wafer to surround an edge of a first gate electrode in order to reduce an electric field concentrated to a region surrounding the edge of the first gate electrode because of a voltage applied to the first gate electrode and a first drain region of the transistor of the first conductive type, and forming a second insulating layer for electric field relaxation that is thicker than a second gate insulating layer in a second channel region of a transistor of a second conductive type to surround the edge of the first gate electrode in order to reduce an electric field concentrated to a region surrounding an edge of a second gate electrode because of a voltage applied to the second gate electrod