Abstract: A signal detecting device according to the present disclosure includes a first calculation unit that calculates a peak-to-average power ratio as first feature data by using a received signal, a second calculation unit that calculates by using the received signal, as second feature data, at least one of a cyclic autocorrelation function, a spectral correlation function, a signal power, an amplitude correlation, and a phase difference, and a signal determining unit that determines whether or not a signal to be detected is present in the received signal by machine learning by using the first feature data and the second feature data.

Abstract: A communication device includes a signal determiner determining whether there is a reception signal, and a period estimator estimating an interruption period of interruption of a signal transmitted from a device as a source of the reception signal, using a determination result from the signal determiner.

Abstract: A communication device includes a signal determiner determining whether there is a reception signal, and a period estimator estimating an interruption period of interruption of a signal transmitted from a device as a source of the reception signal, using a determination result from the signal determiner.

Abstract: A communication system using hierarchical modulation and capable of flexibly adjusting line quality includes a transmission apparatus that hierarchically modulates and transmits signal sequences, a reception apparatus that hierarchically demodulates a received signal, and a hierarchization-parameter setting unit that sets hierarchization parameters. The transmission apparatus includes a hierarchical modulation unit that superimposes signals from layers while maintaining gray codes. The reception apparatus includes a hierarchical demodulation unit that demodulates and separates hierarchically modulated signals and detects signals from layers. The hierarchization-parameter setting unit sets a hierarchization ratio which is a signal power ratio used for superimposing a higher layer and a lower layer, a mapping pattern capable of selecting two patterns, and a mapping pattern mixing ratio indicating a ratio with which two mapping patterns are mixed.

Abstract: A bit-likelihood calculating apparatus includes an initial-bit-likelihood calculating unit obtaining an inter-transmission-signal-point distance corresponding to N, a region number indicating a determination region of a transmission signal point nearest from data, and inter-nearest-point distance from a transmission signal point of initial bit=0 nearest to the data and a transmission signal point of initial bit=1 nearest to the data, and calculating likelihood of initial bit of the data serving as initial term of a recurrence formula for recursively calculating bit likelihood, an i-th-bit-likelihood calculating unit calculating, when N is 2 or larger, difference between inter-nearest-point distance with respect to (i?1)th bit and inter-nearest-point distance with respect to i-th bit and calculating likelihood of i-th bit of the data from likelihood of (i?1)th bit and the difference using the recurrence formula, and a processing-step control unit controlling calculation processing for bit likelihood based on N

Abstract: A light source device includes a casing, and a plurality of light source units arranged side by side in the casing. Each of the light source units has a heatsink, a light emitting element substrate attached to the heatsink, light emitting elements mounted on the substrate. The light source device also includes a plurality of cooling fans such that they face cooling fins of the heatsinks. The light source units are arranged side by side in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the cooling fins of the heatsinks, the cooling fans are arranged side by side in the same direction as the arrangement direction of the light source units, and a partition plate that extends substantially parallel to the extending direction of the cooling fins and toward the cooling fins is disposed between each two adjacent cooling fans.

Abstract: A bit-likelihood calculating apparatus includes an initial-bit-likelihood calculating unit obtaining an inter-transmission-signal-point distance corresponding to N, a region number indicating a determination region of a transmission signal point nearest from data, and inter-nearest-point distance from a transmission signal point of initial bit=0 nearest to the data and a transmission signal point of initial bit=1 nearest to the data, and calculating likelihood of initial bit of the data serving as initial term of a recurrence formula for recursively calculating bit likelihood, an i-th-bit-likelihood calculating unit calculating, when N is 2 or larger, difference between inter-nearest-point distance with respect to (i?1)th bit and inter-nearest-point distance with respect to i-th bit and calculating likelihood of i-th bit of the data from likelihood of (i?1)th bit and the difference using the recurrence formula, and a processing-step control unit controlling calculation processing for bit likelihood based on N

Abstract: A communication system using hierarchical modulation and capable of flexibly adjusting line quality includes a transmission apparatus that hierarchically modulates and transmits signal sequences, a reception apparatus that hierarchically demodulates a received signal, and a hierarchization-parameter setting unit that sets hierarchization parameters. The transmission apparatus includes a hierarchical modulation unit that superimposes signals from layers while maintaining gray codes. The reception apparatus includes a hierarchical demodulation unit that demodulates and separates hierarchically modulated signals and detects signals from layers. The hierarchization-parameter setting unit sets a hierarchization ratio which is a signal power ratio used for superimposing a higher layer and a lower layer, a mapping pattern capable of selecting two patterns, and a mapping pattern mixing ratio indicating a ratio with which two mapping patterns are mixed.

Abstract: A halogen bulb comprises an arc tube, a filament provided in the arc tube, comprising a wire having a first end and a second end, first and second wire lead-out portions connected to the first end and the second end of the wire respectively, a first internal lead rod having a first tip portion and a second internal lead rod having a second tip portion, connected to the first and second wire lead-out portions respectively by welding, and wherein a first angle at which the first tip portion of the first internal lead rod inclines from a first direction in which the first wire lead-out portion extends, is approximately the same as a second angle at which the second tip portion of the second internal lead rod inclines from a second direction in which the second wire lead-out portion extends.