Abstract: A three dimensional manufactured product is manufactured A speed of filing an uncured light curing resin in a space for a next layer is enhanced, to improve a manufacturing speed. One surface of a container housing a light curing resin is configured by a gas-permeable sheet that faces the light curing resin, and transmits irradiation light of a light irradiating apparatus, and a light transmitting plate disposed at an outer side of the container from the gas permeable member. A pressurizing chamber controllable in pressure by a pressure controlling apparatus is defined between the gas-permeable sheet and the light transmitting plate. At moving a manufacturing stage, an inside of the pressurizing chamber is de-pressurized to cause the gas-permeable sheet to perform concave surface deformation, and at a time of performing light irradiation, gas in the pressurizing chamber is caused to permeate into the light curing resin by pressurizing.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus including a control unit that generates a vibration stimulation signal to be provided to a user based on a sound signal in a content, wherein the control unit is configured to: acquire data of a content including a sound signal; execute an analysis process on the sound signal; and generate a vibration stimulation signal to be provided to a user in a conversion process of the sound signal according to a result of the analysis process.

Abstract: A processing apparatus includes: an acquisition unit that acquires image data by reading an image from an original; a selection unit that operationally selects either one of storing the image data into a portable storage unit or sending the image data to a storage device capable of taking out the data via a communication unit, wherein when the storing is selected, the selection unit further operationally selects at least any one of deleting data already stored in the portable storage unit and moving the image data to the storage device; and a data processing unit that performs based on result selected by the selection unit.

Abstract: To provide a through-pass duct member enabling the space in the wall to be more positively shut off against the external space irrespective of the state of the through-pass holes of hollow wall.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus and a method for storing history information of an information reproducing apparatus are provided that make it possible to seek clarification of responsibility for trouble of a storage device. The reproducing apparatus includes a cover disposed so as to be changeable between a permitting state where removal of a hard disk from a casing is permitted and a restricting state where removal of the hard disk from the casing is restricted, a sensor capable of detecting that the cover is changed to the permitting state, and an external memory for updating and storing history information, the external memory storing the history information when the cover is changed to the permitting state on the basis of a detection result of the sensor.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photoconductor for use in an electrophotographic apparatus. The photoconductor includes a conductive substrate and a photoconductive layer formed on the conductive substrate. The photoconductive layer includes an As.sub.2 Se.sub.3 alloy containing 36% to 40% by weight of As and doped with 1,000 to 20,000 parts per million of iodine. A method of manufacturing a photoconductor is also disclosed, which includes forming a photoconductive layer by vapor deposition on a conductive substrate and thermally treating the photoconductive layer at a temperature between 100 and 200 degrees Celsius for a period between 30 and 80 minutes. Advantageously, the photoconductor of the present invention is able to provide high quality images at high printing speeds.

Abstract: There is disclosed a photoconductor for use in an electrophotographic apparatus. The photoconductor includes a conductive substrate and a photoconductive layer formed on the conductive substrate. The photoconductive layer includes an As.sub.2 Se.sub.3 alloy containing 36% to 40% by weight of As and doped with 1,000 to 20,000 parts per million of iodine. A method of manufacturing a photoconductor is also disclosed, which includes forming a photoconductive layer by vapor deposition on a conductive substrate and thermally treating the photoconductive layer at a temperature between 100 and 200 degrees Celsius for a period between 30 and 80 minutes. Advantageously, the photoconductor of the present invention is able to provide high quality images at high printing speeds.

Abstract: A first selenium-arsenic layer of a photoconductor, deposited on a conductive substrate, has a thickness and arsenic concentration effective to preserve an electrically charged surface potential in darkness and to transport carriers generated on exposure to light. The first layer is between 20 to 70 .mu.m thick. A second amorphous selenium-arsenic alloy layer, formed on the first layer, generates carriers on exposure to light. The surface roughness, Rmax., of the conductive substrate is less than or equal to 0.5 .mu.m. The first layer, or both of the photoconductive layers, are doped with iodine. When both layers contain iodine, the iodine content of the second layer is equal to or less than that of the first layer. The thickness of the second layer is between 5 to 30 .mu.m. The arsenic content of the amorphous selenium-arsenic alloy of the second layer is equal to or greater than that in the first layer. After deposition of the first and second layers, the photoconductor is heat treated at between 100.

Abstract: A charging method in which the surface of an image bearing device is charged in two steps in contact with the surface of the image bearing device before a latent image is formed on the surface of the image bearing device, the contact charging method includes two steps. First, the surface of the image bearing device is charged with a contact charging device which applies a voltage consisting of an AC component and a DC component superposed on the AC component. Second, the surface of the image bearing device is charged by a contact charging device applied with such a DC voltage as to discharge at least part of a pattern of charge potential variation of which the pitch corresponds to the frequency pitch of the AC component, which is caused in the primary charging operation.

Abstract: A print cartridge for an image forming apparatus which is insertable into a body of the image forming apparatus, the print cartridge includes an image carrying body, a housing rotatably supporting the image carrying body, and a primary static charger for electrostatically charging the image carrying body, the primary static charger being removably mounted on the housing. The primary static charger has a grid disposed between the corotron wire and the image carrying body which is contacted by a leaf spring to bias the primary static charger toward the housing and also fix the grid on the housing.

Abstract: A color marking apparatus for marking designated areas of an original with a designated color by recording the whole area of an original with a first color, such as black. Desired areas on the original are designated, and the designated areas are colored with a second color different from the first color, and the second color is recorded with a copy density different from the copy density used to record the first color. The color marking apparatus is controlled such that the recording operations of the apparatus are carried out in a selected order.

Abstract: A compact and inexpensive refractory monitoring temperature sensor and a compact and inexpensive refractory erosion location measuring device which can effect continuous detection of erosion over a wide range and specification of a location of an erosion and further can be re-used and used continuously. The temperature sensor includes at least two metal members and an insulating substance (2) filled between the metal members. The sensor detects a condition of an erosion of a refractory not from a melting breakdown of the sensor but from a variation in insulation resistance of the insulating substance which arises from a high temperature of the refractory due to erosion of the refractory. The measuring device incorporates such temperature sensor and discriminates an amount and a location of erosion of the refractory from a variation in insulation resistance between the metal members.

Abstract: A converged ion beam apparatus wherein a very small beam spot can be formed with a high energy ion beam after passing a reduced route in which a type of the ion beam is classified. The device is incorporated in an apparatus wherein an ion beam from an accelerator is introduced in a spot to a specimen by way of an ion type classifying device, an objective collimator and a beam collector to perform reforming of a surface or an analysis of physical properties and/or composition or the like of a small area of the specimen. The objective collimator is disposed just on the downstream of the accelerator, and an analyzing component for analyzing an ion type and energy of a beam is interposed in a drift space in an object distance between the objective collimator and a quadruple pole magnetic lens. Several components of the apparatus are also improved including the quadruple pole magnetic lens, an objective slit device and a specimen chamber.

Abstract: In the particular embodiment of the invention described in the specification, selected portions of the surface of a selenium-arsenic layer of a photosensitive element for use in electrophotography are provided with a superfinish having ridges and grooves in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 .mu.m and a width of 3 .mu.m or less by vibrating a grinding stones on the moving surface at a frequency of 1,000 to 1,500 cpm and an amplitude of 3 mm. The grindstone is held against the surface with a pressure of 0.3 to 0.4 kg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring and analyzing the swing of a baseball player. The apparatus includes devices for emitting a plurality of spaced light beams projected in directions to be intersected by the swing plane of a bat and a corresponding plurality of light receiving elements arranged to receive light beams reflected from the bat. Signals received by the light receiving elements are collected and supplied to a processing apparatus and the results of this processing are displayed on a display unit which provides indication of angle, speed, level, etc. of the swing. The information may also be provided to a printer. The apparatus indicates whether the swing is performed normally and if it deviates from normal indicates the error involved.