Abstract: In the liquid crystal display device where a liquid crystal layer exhibiting a blue phase is interposed between a first substrate and a second substrate, a pixel electrode layer (first electrode layer) and a common electrode layer (second electrode layer) provided between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer are positioned not to overlap with each other. The pixel electrode layer is formed to cover top and side surfaces of a rib-shaped first structure body which projects into the liquid crystal layer from a surface of the first substrate on the liquid crystal layer side. The common electrode layer is formed to cover top and side surfaces of a rib-shaped second structure body which projects into the liquid crystal layer from the surface of the first substrate on the liquid crystal layer side.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal exhibiting a blue phase and having a novel structure, and a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device. A plurality of structure bodies (also referred to as ribs, protrusions, or projecting portions) are formed over the same substrate, and a pixel electrode and an electrode (a common electrode at a fixed potential) corresponding to the pixel electrode are formed thereover. An electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer exhibiting a blue phase by using the pixel electrode that has an inclination and the electrode corresponding to the pixel electrode, which also has an inclination. A shorter distance between the adjacent structure bodies allows a strong electric field to be applied to the liquid crystal layer, which results in a reduction in power consumption for driving the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal material exhibiting a blue phase is provided to achieve higher contrast. Further, the power consumption of the liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal exhibiting a blue phase is reduced. In a liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate provided with a pixel electrode layer (also referred to as a first electrode layer); and a second substrate provided with a common electrode layer (also referred to as a second electrode layer), between which a liquid crystal layer exhibiting a blue phase is interposed, the pixel electrode layer and the common electrode layer project into the liquid crystal layer and are arranged so that the adjacent pixel electrode layer and common electrode layer engage with each other at a distance with the liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A semiconductor layer of a transistor is formed of an oxide semiconductor film including a crystal part. An organic resin film covering the transistor is formed. By treatment such as drying treatment on the organic resin film in a cell process, variations in the threshold voltage of the oxide semiconductor transistor due to moisture can be suppressed. A common electrode faces a pixel electrode. The common electrode and the pixel electrode are formed over the organic resin film with an insulating film provided therebetween. Therefore, a capacitor can be provided to a liquid crystal element if a pixel does not include a wiring for a storage capacitor. An antistatic electrode is provided on the outer side of a color filter substrate and the capacitance between the antistatic electrode and the common electrode is utilized, so that the liquid crystal display device can be used as a touch panel.

Abstract: To provide a highly reliable liquid crystal display device including flexible substrates and a crystalline oxide semiconductor film for a backplane. The device includes a flexible first substrate, a flexible second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrates with a sealing member. The first substrate is provided with a layer including a transistor, an organic resin film over the transistor, a pixel electrode and a common electrode over the organic resin film, which partly overlap with each other with an insulating film provided therebetween, and an alignment film thereover. The transistor includes a crystalline oxide semiconductor film as a semiconductor layer where a channel is formed. Drying treatment is performed on the layer before the liquid crystal layer is sealed between the substrates, and steps from the drying treatment to sealing of the liquid crystal layer are performed without exposure to the air.

Abstract: To provide a method of manufacturing a display device having an excellent impact resistance property with high yield, in particular, a method of manufacturing a display device having an optical film that is formed using a plastic substrate. The method of manufacturing a display device includes the steps of: laminating a metal film, an oxide film, and an optical filter on a first substrate; separating the optical filter from the first substrate; attaching the optical filter to a second substrate; forming a layer including a pixel on a third substrate; and attaching the layer including the pixel to the optical filter.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal exhibiting a blue phase and having a novel structure, and a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device. A plurality of structure bodies (also referred to as ribs, protrusions, or projecting portions) are formed over the same substrate, and a pixel electrode and an electrode (a common electrode at a fixed potential) corresponding to the pixel electrode are formed thereover. An electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer exhibiting a blue phase by using the pixel electrode that has an inclination and the electrode corresponding to the pixel electrode, which also has an inclination. A shorter distance between the adjacent structure bodies allows a strong electric field to be applied to the liquid crystal layer, which results in a reduction in power consumption for driving the liquid crystal.

Abstract: To provide a method of manufacturing a display device having an excellent impact resistance property with high yield, in particular, a method of manufacturing a display device having an optical film that is formed using a plastic substrate. The method of manufacturing a display device includes the steps of: laminating a metal film, an oxide film, and an optical filter on a first substrate; separating the optical filter from the first substrate; attaching the optical filter to a second substrate; forming a layer including a pixel on a third substrate; and attaching the layer including the pixel to the optical filter.

Abstract: By providing a pixel electrode layer in a center of a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a first common electrode layer and a second common electrode layer, a structure in which the following two optical elements are stacked can be obtained: a first liquid crystal element including the first common electrode layer, the liquid crystal layer, and the pixel electrode layer; and a second liquid crystal element including the pixel electrode layer, the liquid crystal layer, and the second common electrode layer.

Abstract: An object is to provide a liquid crystal composition which exhibits a blue phase in a wide temperature range. Another object is to provide a liquid crystal composition which exhibits a blue phase, with which high contrast can be provided, in a liquid crystal display device. A liquid crystal composition which exhibits a blue phase includes: a nematic liquid crystal including a compound represented by a structural formula (100) (PPEP-5FCNF (abbreviation)); and a chiral agent. In a liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal layer is formed using the liquid crystal composition including a nematic liquid crystal including a compound represented by a structural formula (100) (PPEP-5FCNF (abbreviation)) and a chiral agent, and the liquid crystal composition exhibits a blue phase.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device including a blue phase liquid crystal layer, first and second common electrode layers, which are positioned to face each other, sandwich the blue phase liquid crystal layer therebetween and have opening patterns (slits), and a pixel electrode layer has an opening pattern. The pixel electrode layer is formed over a structure body which projects into the liquid crystal layer from a surface of a first substrate on a liquid crystal layer side, and the pixel electrode layer is positioned between the first and second common electrode layers in the liquid crystal layer. Electric fields are applied between the pixel electrode layer and the first and second common electrode layers, so that the electric fields are formed in the entire liquid crystal layer and liquid crystal molecules can be controlled by using the electric fields.

Abstract: An object is to provide a liquid crystal display device which includes a liquid crystal material exhibiting a blue phase and enables higher contrast. In the liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal layer exhibiting a blue phase, the liquid crystal layer exhibiting a blue phase is interposed between a pixel electrode layer having an opening pattern (slit) and first and second common electrode layers which face each other and have opening patterns. The pixel electrode layer is formed over a structure body which projects into the liquid crystal layer from a surface of a first substrate on the liquid crystal layer side, and the pixel electrode layer is positioned between the first common electrode layer and the second common electrode layer in the liquid crystal layer. The cell gap of the liquid crystal display device is less than 5 ?m (preferably 1 ?m or more).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device using a horizontal electric field mode, in which contrast ratio is improved, is provided. A first polarizing plate having a polarization axis along a first direction, a second polarizing plate having a polarization axis along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, a plurality of first structure bodies provided over a first substrate, a plurality of second structure bodies provided over the first substrate, a first electrode layer covering top surfaces and side surfaces of the plurality of first structure bodies, and a second electrode layer covering top surfaces and side surfaces of the plurality of second structure bodies are provided. The side surfaces of the first structure bodies and the side surfaces of the second structure bodies are parallel to the first direction or the second direction. Thus, a liquid crystal display device in which contrast ratio is improved can be provided.

Abstract: An object is to uniformly align liquid crystal molecules without requiring a step of forming an alignment film. A material for forming a self-assembled monolayer is dispersed in a liquid crystal material, and the mixture is interposed between a pair of substrates by a liquid crystal injection method or a liquid crystal dropping method. A silane coupling agent (the material for forming a self-assembled monolayer) injected or dropped with the liquid crystal material adsorbs to a substrate interface (or a surface of an electrode formed over a substrate) after the injection or dropping, thereby forming a self-assembled monolayer. This self-assembled monolayer serves as an alignment film, and enables long axes of liquid crystal molecules to be approximately perpendicular to a substrate and the liquid crystal molecules to be uniformly aligned.

Abstract: A liquid crystal layer including a polymerizable monomer and a liquid crystal composition exhibiting a blue phase is provided between a first substrate and a second substrate which are bonded to each other with a sealant. Further, the sealant and part of the liquid crystal layer are covered by a light shield and a first light irradiation treatment is performed on the liquid crystal layer with use of the light shield as a mask, whereby a first region in which the polymerizable monomer is polymerized is formed. Furthermore, a second light irradiation treatment is performed on the liquid crystal layer after the light shield is removed, whereby a second region having a lower degree of polymerization of the polymerizable monomer than the first region is formed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device which can exhibit a blue phase stably is manufactured. A first substrate and a second substrate are attached by a sealant interposing a liquid crystal layer comprising a liquid crystal composition therebetween, an alignment state of the liquid crystal layer is set to be an isotropic phase by heat treatment, the liquid crystal layer is irradiated with light so as to perform polymer stabilization treatment on the liquid crystal layer, and an alignment state of the liquid crystal layer is changed from an isotropic phase to a blue phase in the light irradiation. Thus, a liquid crystal display device which suppresses a defect which shows an alignment state other than a blue phase (an alignment defect) is manufactured.

Abstract: To provide a method of manufacturing an optical film formed on a plastic substrate. There is provided a method of manufacturing an optical film including the steps of laminating a separation layer and an optical filter on a first substrate, separating the optical filter from the first substrate, attaching the optical filter to a second substrate. Since the optical film manufactured according to the invention has flexibility, it can be provided on a portion or a display device having a curved surface. Further, the optical film is not processed at high temperatures, and hence, an optical film having high yield with high reliability can be formed. Furthermore, an optical film having an excellent impact resistance property can be formed.

Abstract: An object is to provide a liquid crystal composition which exhibits a blue phase in a wide temperature range. Another object is to provide a liquid crystal composition which exhibits a blue phase, with which high contrast can be provided, in a liquid crystal display device. A liquid crystal composition which exhibits a blue phase includes: a nematic liquid crystal including a compound represented by a structural formula (100) (PPEP-5FCNF (abbreviation)); and a chiral agent. In a liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal layer is formed using the liquid crystal composition including a nematic liquid crystal including a compound represented by a structural formula (100) (PPEP-5FCNF (abbreviation)) and a chiral agent, and the liquid crystal composition exhibits a blue phase.

Abstract: An object is to provide a liquid crystal display device a driving voltage of which is reduced, which is formed using a liquid crystal material exhibiting a blue phase, and which enables higher contrast. In a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal layer exhibiting a blue phase, a first wall-like structure body is formed over a first electrode layer (pixel electrode layer), a second wall-like structure body is provided over a second electrode layer (common electrode layer), and a dielectric film covers them. The dielectric film is an insulator having a higher dielectric constant than the first wall-like structure body, the second wall-like structure body, and a liquid crystal material used for the liquid crystal layer, and is provided so as to protrude in the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: By providing a pixel electrode layer in a center of a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a first common electrode layer and a second common electrode layer, a structure in which the following two optical elements are stacked can be obtained: a first liquid crystal element including the first common electrode layer, the liquid crystal layer, and the pixel electrode layer; and a second liquid crystal element including the pixel electrode layer, the liquid crystal layer, and the second common electrode layer.