Abstract: A device for detecting a thermal runaway of a battery module with a number of cells includes a current acquisition module that is configured to capture a set of currents, and a temperature acquisition module that is configured to capture a set of temperatures. The device includes a state of charge capturing module that is configured to capture a set of states, and a resistance calculation module that is configured to derive a set of resistances. The device includes a temperature prediction module that is configured to calculate a set of temperature predictors, and a runaway prediction module that is configured to calculate a set of runaway predictors. A warning module that is configured to set a warning indicator when at least one runaway predictor value of the set of runaway predictors exceeds a predefined threshold value.

Abstract: A fault detection system includes a sensor configured to measure a physical quantity and generate a measurement of the physical quantity; a first processor configured to receive the measurement, execute a first firmware based on the measurement, and output a first result of the executed first firmware; a second processor configured to receive the measurement from the sensor, execute a second firmware based on the measurement, and output a second result of the executed second firmware, wherein the first firmware and the second firmware provide a same nominal function in a diverse manner for calculating the first result and the second result, respectively, such that the first result and the second result are expected to be within a predetermined margin; and a fault detection circuit configured to detect a fault when the first result and the second result are not within the predetermined margin.

Abstract: A fault detection system includes a sensor configured to measure a physical quantity and generate a measurement of the physical quantity; a first processor configured to receive the measurement, execute a first firmware based on the measurement, and output a first result of the executed first firmware; a second processor configured to receive the measurement from the sensor, execute a second firmware based on the measurement, and output a second result of the executed second firmware, wherein the first firmware and the second firmware provide a same nominal function in a diverse manner for calculating the first result and the second result, respectively, such that the first result and the second result are expected to be within a predetermined margin; and a fault detection circuit configured to detect a fault when the first result and the second result are not within the predetermined margin.

Abstract: A device for detecting a thermal runaway of a battery module with a number of cells includes a current acquisition module that is configured to capture a set of currents, and a temperature acquisition module that is configured to capture a set of temperatures. The device includes a state of charge capturing module that is configured to capture a set of states, and a resistance calculation module that is configured to derive a set of resistances. The device includes a temperature prediction module that is configured to calculate a set of temperature predictors, and a runaway prediction module that is configured to calculate a set of runaway predictors. A warning module that is configured to set a warning indicator when at least one runaway predictor value of the set of runaway predictors exceeds a predefined threshold value.

Abstract: Fault detection devices, systems, and methods are provided which implement identical processors. A first processor is configured to receive a first measurement, execute a first firmware based on the first measurement, and output a first result of the executed first firmware. A second processor is configured to receive a second measurement, execute a second firmware based on the second measurement, and output a second result of the executed second firmware. The first firmware and the second firmware provide a same nominal function in a diverse manner for calculating the first result and the second result, respectively, such that the first result and the second result are expected to be within a predetermined margin.

Abstract: Fault detection devices, systems, and methods are provided which implement identical processors. A first processor is configured to receive a first measurement, execute a first firmware based on the first measurement, and output a first result of the executed first firmware. A second processor is configured to receive a second measurement, execute a second firmware based on the second measurement, and output a second result of the executed second firmware. The first firmware and the second firmware provide a same nominal function in a diverse manner for calculating the first result and the second result, respectively, such that the first result and the second result are expected to be within a predetermined margin.

Abstract: A current sensor may comprise a first Hall cell, a second Hall cell, a third Hall cell, a fourth Hall cell, and a fifth Hall cell to a set of magnetic field values associated with a magnetic field generated by a current passing through a current rail. The second Hall cell may be positioned at a first distance from the first Hall cell, and the third Hall cell may be positioned at a second distance from the first Hall cell such that the third Hall cell is positioned between the first Hall cell and the second Hall cell. The fourth Hall cell may be positioned adjacent to the first Hall cell, and the fifth Hall cell may be positioned at a third distance from the fourth Hall cell. The magnetic field values may be used to determine an amount of current associated with the current passing through the current rail.

Abstract: Fault detection devices, systems and methods are provided which implement identical processors. A first processor is configured to receive a first set of variables, execute a first firmware based on the first set of variables, and output a first result of the executed first firmware. A second processor, identical to the first processor, is configured to receive a second set of variables, execute a second firmware based on the second set of variables, and output a second result of the executed second firmware. The first firmware and the second firmware provide a same nominal function in a diverse manner for calculating the first result and the second result, respectively, such that the first result and the second result are expected to be within a predetermined margin. Thus, a fault can be detected by comparing the first and the second results.

Abstract: A magnetic angle sensor including a first Wheatstone bridge circuit having a plurality of first magnetoresistive elements; and a second Wheatstone bridge circuit having a plurality of second magnetoresistive elements, wherein the plurality of second magnetoresistive elements have diversity with respect to the plurality of first magnetoresistive elements.

Abstract: Fault detection devices, systems and methods are provided which implement identical processors. A first processor is configured to receive a first set of variables, execute a first firmware based on the first set of variables, and output a first result of the executed first firmware. A second processor, identical to the first processor, is configured to receive a second set of variables, execute a second firmware based on the second set of variables, and output a second result of the executed second firmware. The first firmware and the second firmware provide a same nominal function in a diverse manner for calculating the first result and the second result, respectively, such that the first result and the second result are expected to be within a predetermined margin. Thus, a fault can be detected by comparing the first and the second results.

Abstract: An angle sensor may comprise a first primary sensing element and a second primary sensing element. The first primary sensing element may be positioned adjacent to the second primary sensing element in a plane substantially parallel with respect to a face of a magnet. The angle sensor may comprise a first auxiliary sensing element and a second auxiliary sensing element. The first primary sensing element and the second primary sensing element may be positioned between the first auxiliary sensing element and the second auxiliary sensing element in the plane substantially parallel with respect to the face of the magnet.

Abstract: Fault detection devices, systems and methods are provided which implement identical processors. A first processor is configured to receive a first measurement, execute a first firmware based on the first measurement, and output a first result of the executed first firmware. A second processor, identical to the first processor, is configured to receive a second measurement, execute a second firmware based on the second measurement, and output a second result of the executed second firmware. The first firmware and the second firmware provide a same nominal function in a diverse manner for calculating the first result and the second result, respectively, such that the first result and the second result are expected to be within a predetermined margin. Thus, a fault can be detected by comparing the first and the second results.

Abstract: A current sensor may comprise a first Hall cell, a second Hall cell, a third Hall cell, a fourth Hall cell, and a fifth Hall cell to a set of magnetic field values associated with a magnetic field generated by a current passing through a current rail. The second Hall cell may be positioned at a first distance from the first Hall cell, and the third Hall cell may be positioned at a second distance from the first Hall cell such that the third Hall cell is positioned between the first Hall cell and the second Hall cell. The fourth Hall cell may be positioned adjacent to the first Hall cell, and the fifth Hall cell may be positioned at a third distance from the fourth Hall cell. The magnetic field values may be used to determine an amount of current associated with the current passing through the current rail.

Abstract: A current sensor may comprise a first Hall cell, a second Hall cell, a third Hall cell, a fourth Hall cell, and a fifth Hall cell to a set of magnetic field values associated with a magnetic field generated by a current passing through a current rail. The second Hall cell may be positioned at a first distance from the first Hall cell, and the third Hall cell may be positioned at a second distance from the first Hall cell such that the third Hall cell is positioned between the first Hall cell and the second Hall cell. The fourth Hall cell may be positioned adjacent to the first Hall cell, and the fifth Hall cell may be positioned at a third distance from the fourth Hall cell. The magnetic field values may be used to determine an amount of current associated with the current passing through the current rail.

Abstract: Fault detection devices, systems and methods are provided which implement identical processors. A first processor is configured to receive a first measurement, execute a first firmware based on the first measurement, and output a first result of the executed first firmware. A second processor, identical to the first processor, is configured to receive a second measurement, execute a second firmware based on the second measurement, and output a second result of the executed second firmware. The first firmware and the second firmware provide a same nominal function in a diverse manner for calculating the first result and the second result, respectively, such that the first result and the second result are expected to be within a predetermined margin. Thus, a fault can be detected by comparing the first and the second results.

Abstract: A magnetic current sensor may include a first sensing element, a second sensing element, and a die paddle. The die paddle may include a first edge and a second edge substantially parallel to a direction of the current. The die paddle may include a first notch, extending from the first edge in a direction of the first sensing element, with a first width in a range of approximately 50 percent to approximately 100 percent of a distance between the first edge and the first sensing element. The die paddle may include a second notch, extending from the second edge in a direction of the second sensing element, with a second width in a range of approximately 50 percent to approximately 100 percent of a distance between the second edge and the second sensing element.

Abstract: An angle sensor may comprise a first primary sensing element and a second primary sensing element. The first primary sensing element may be positioned adjacent to the second primary sensing element in a plane substantially parallel with respect to a face of a magnet. The angle sensor may comprise a first auxiliary sensing element and a second auxiliary sensing element. The first primary sensing element and the second primary sensing element may be positioned between the first auxiliary sensing element and the second auxiliary sensing element in the plane substantially parallel with respect to the face of the magnet.

Abstract: A magnetic current sensor may include a first sensing element, a second sensing element, and a die paddle. The die paddle may include a first edge and a second edge substantially parallel to a direction of the current. The die paddle may include a first notch, extending from the first edge in a direction of the first sensing element, with a first width in a range of approximately 50 percent to approximately 100 percent of a distance between the first edge and the first sensing element. The die paddle may include a second notch, extending from the second edge in a direction of the second sensing element, with a second width in a range of approximately 50 percent to approximately 100 percent of a distance between the second edge and the second sensing element.

Abstract: A current sensor may comprise a first Hall cell, a second Hall cell, a third Hall cell, a fourth Hall cell, and a fifth Hall cell to a set of magnetic field values associated with a magnetic field generated by a current passing through a current rail. The second Hall cell may be positioned at a first distance from the first Hall cell, and the third Hall cell may be positioned at a second distance from the first Hall cell such that the third Hall cell is positioned between the first Hall cell and the second Hall cell. The fourth Hall cell may be positioned adjacent to the first Hall cell, and the fifth Hall cell may be positioned at a third distance from the fourth Hall cell. The magnetic field values may be used to determine an amount of current associated with the current passing through the current rail.