Abstract: A device for producing a subwavelength hologram. The device comprises a metasurface layer attached to a substrate. The metasurface layer includes an array of plasmonic antennas that simultaneously encode both wavelength and phase information of light directed through the array to produce a hologram. The wavelength is determined by the size of the antennas, and the phase is determined by the orientation of the antennas.

Abstract: A magneto-plasmonic nanostructure is disclosed. The structure includes a substrate, and a magneto-plasmonic stack, comprising a nano-sized plasmonic resonator, a nanomagnet, and a capping layer, wherein the nano-sized plasmonic resonator is configured to receive circularly polarized light at an intensity to thereby increase normal component of plasmon-generated opto-magnetic field, HOM,z, at least at the interface of one of i) the nano-sized plasmonic resonator and the nanomagnet, or ii) the nanomagnet and the capping layer, whereby the HOM,z direction is perpendicular to the rotational direction of the circularly polarized light and the nanomagnets in the magneto-plasmonic stack switches its magnetic moment in response to a change of the HOM,z direction in response to a change of the rotational direction of the circularly polarized light.

Abstract: An optical sensor system, comprising refractory plasmonic elements that can withstand temperatures exceeding 2500° C. in chemically aggressive and harsh environments that impose stress, strain and vibrations. A plasmonic metamaterial or metasurface, engineered to have a specific spectral and angular response, exhibits optical reflection characteristics that are altered by varying physical environmental conditions including but not limited to temperature, surface chemistry or elastic stress, strain and other types of mechanical load. The metamaterial or metasurface comprises a set of ultra-thin structured layers with a total thickness of less than tens of microns that can be deployed onto surfaces of devices operating in harsh environmental conditions. The top interface of the metamaterial or metasurface is illuminated with a light source, either through free space or via an optical fiber, and the reflected signal is detected employing remote detectors.

Abstract: An apparatus for trapping and sensing nanoparticles using plasmonic nanopores, comprising a conductive transparent layer, a conductive film layer mounted to a substrate, the film layer comprising a plurality of nanopores for trapping nanoparticles contained in a fluid situated between the conductive transparent layer and the conductive film layer, and an electric field source connected between the transparent layer and the film layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nanoparticle-based plasmonic solutions to therapeutic applications employing titanium nitride (TiN) and other non-stoichiometric compounds as the plasmonic material. Current solutions are suboptimal because they require complex shapes, large particle sizes, and a narrow range of sizes, in order to achieve plasmonic resonances in the biological window. The nanoparticles discloses herein provide plasmonic resonances occurring in the biological window even with small sizes, simple shapes, and better size dispersion restrictions. Local heating efficiencies of such nanoparticles outperform currently used Au and transition metal nanoparticles. The use of smaller particles with simpler shapes and better heating efficiencies allows better diffusion properties into tumor regions, larger penetration depth of light into the biological tissue, and the ability to use excitation light of less power.

Abstract: An apparatus for trapping and sensing nanoparticles using plasmonic nanopores, comprising a conductive transparent layer, a conductive film layer mounted to a substrate, the film layer comprising a plurality of nanopores for trapping nanoparticles contained in a fluid situated between the conductive transparent layer and the conductive film layer, and an electric field source connected between the transparent layer and the film layer.

Abstract: A plasmonic system is disclosed. The system includes at least one polarizer that is configured to provide at least one linearly polarized broadband light beam, an anisotropic plasmonic metasurface (APM) assembly having a plurality of nanoantennae each having a predetermined orientation with respect to a global axis representing encoded digital data, the APM assembly configured to receive the at least one linearly polarized broadband light beam and by applying localized surface plasmon resonance reflect light with selectable wavelengths associated with the predetermined orientations of the nano antennae, and at least one analyzer that is configured to receive the reflected light with selectable wavelength, wherein the relative angles between each of the at least one analyzers and each of the at least one polarizers are selectable with respect to the global axis, thereby allowing decoding of the digital data.

Abstract: A magneto-plasmonic nanostructure is disclosed. The structure includes a substrate, and a magneto-plasmonic stack, comprising a nano-sized plasmonic resonator, a nanomagnet, and a capping layer, wherein the nano-sized plasmonic resonator is configured to receive circularly polarized light at an intensity to thereby increase normal component of plasmon-generated opto-magnetic field, HOM,z, at least at the interface of one of i) the nano-sized plasmonic resonator and the nanomagnet, or ii) the nanomagnet and the capping layer, whereby the HOM,z direction is perpendicular to the rotational direction of the circularly polarized light and the nanomagnets in the magneto-plasmonic stack switches its magnetic moment in response to a change of the HOM,z direction in response to a change of the rotational direction of the circularly polarized light.

Abstract: A particle sensing system which includes a plurality of micro-lenses which focus light from an unfocused or loosely focused light source onto a corresponding plurality of focus regions on a surface containing plasmonic structures. The absorption of light by the plasmonic structures in the focus regions results in heat dissipation in the plasmonic structures and consequently increases surface temperature in the focus regions. When an electrical field is applied to a sample fluid in contact with the surface, multiple electrothermal flows are induced in the fluid which rapidly transport suspended particles to the focus regions on the surface. The particles can then be captured and/or sensed.

Abstract: An apparatus for trapping and sensing nanoparticles using plasmonic nanopores, comprising a conductive transparent layer, a conductive film layer mounted to a substrate, the film layer comprising a plurality of nanopores for trapping nanoparticles contained in a fluid situated between the conductive transparent layer and the conductive film layer, and an electric field source connected between the transparent layer and the film layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for trapping and sensing nanoparticles using plasmonic nanopores, comprising a conductive transparent layer, a conductive film layer mounted to a substrate, the film layer comprising a plurality of nanopores for trapping nanoparticles contained in a fluid situated between the conductive transparent layer and the conductive film layer, and an electric field source connected between the transparent layer and the film layer.

Abstract: An optical sensor system, comprising refractory plasmonic elements that can withstand temperatures exceeding 2500° C. in chemically aggressive and harsh environments that impose stress, strain and vibrations. A plasmonic metamaterial or metasurface, engineered to have a specific spectral and angular response, exhibits optical reflection characteristics that are altered by varying physical environmental conditions including but not limited to temperature, surface chemistry or elastic stress, strain and other types of mechanical load. The metamaterial or metasurface comprises a set of ultra-thin structured layers with a total thickness of less than tens of microns that can be deployed onto surfaces of devices operating in harsh environmental conditions. The top interface of the metamaterial or metasurface is illuminated with a light source, either through free space or via an optical fiber, and the reflected signal is detected employing remote detectors.

Abstract: A device for producing a subwavelength hologram. The device comprises a metasurface layer attached to a substrate. The metasurface layer includes an array of plasmonic antennas that simultaneously encode both wavelength and phase information of light directed through the array to produce a hologram. The wavelength is determined by the size of the antennas, and the phase is determined by the orientation of the antennas.

Abstract: A device for producing a subwavelength hologram. The device comprises a metasurface layer attached to a substrate. The metasurface layer includes an array of plasmonic antennas that simultaneously encode both wavelength and phase information of light directed through the array to produce a hologram. The wavelength is determined by the size of the antennas, and the phase is determined by the orientation of the antennas.

Abstract: A nanostructured material system for efficient collection of photo-excited carriers is provided. They system comprises a plurality of plasmonic metal nitride core material elements coupled to a plurality of semiconductor material elements. The plasmonic nanostructured elements form ohmic junctions at the surface of the semiconductor material or at close proximity with the semiconductor material elements. A nanostructured material system for efficient collection of photo-excited carriers is also provided, comprising a plurality of plasmonic transparent conducting oxide core material elements coupled to a plurality of semiconductor material elements. The field enhancement, local temperature increase and energized hot carriers produced by nanostructures of these plasmonic material systems play enabling roles in various chemical processes. They induce, enhance, or mediate catalytic activities in the neighborhood when excited near the resonance frequencies.

Abstract: A titanium nitride-based metamaterial, and method for producing the same, is disclosed, consisting of ultrathin, smooth, and alternating layers of a plasmonic titanium nitride (TiN) material and a dielectric material, grown on a substrate to form a superlattice. The dielectric material is made of A1-xScxN, where ‘x’ ranges in value from 0.2 to 0.4. The layers of alternating material have sharp interfaces, and each layer can range from 1-20 nanometers in thickness. Metamaterials based on titanium TiN, a novel plasmonic building block, have many applications including, but not ‘limited to emission enhancers, computer security, etc. The use of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond, and light emitting diode (LED) efficiency enhancement is of particular interest.

Abstract: An apparatus for trapping and sensing nanoparticles using plasmonic nanopores, comprising a conductive transparent layer, a conductive film layer mounted to a substrate, the film layer comprising a plurality of nanopores for trapping nanoparticles contained in a fluid situated between the conductive transparent layer and the conductive film layer, and an electric field source connected between the transparent layer and the film layer.

Abstract: A system and method suitable for selection, manipulation, and analysis of individual particles within a fluid medium. The system and method involve manipulating the particles by contacting the fluid medium with a plasmonic nanoantenna, illuminating the plasmonic nanoantenna with a source of light such that the plasmonic nanoantenna acts as a nanoscale heat source resulting in localized heating of the fluid medium creating local gradients in the electrical properties of the fluid medium that yield plasmonic trapping sites in the vicinity of the plasmonic nanoantenna, and applying an alternating current electric field in the fluid medium to create electrothermoplasmonic flow around the plasmonic nanoantenna. The electrothermoplasmonic flow transports at least one of the particles towards the plasmonic nanoantenna and the particle is trapped by at least one of the plasmonic trapping sites.

Abstract: A particle sensing system which includes a plurality of micro-lenses which focus light from an unfocused or loosely focused light source onto a corresponding plurality of focus regions on a surface containing plasmonic structures. The absorption of light by the plasmonic structures in the focus regions results in heat dissipation in the plasmonic structures and consequently increases surface temperature in the focus regions. When an electrical field is applied to a sample fluid in contact with the surface, multiple electrothermal flows are induced in the fluid which rapidly transport suspended particles to the focus regions on the surface. The particles can then be captured and/or sensed.

Abstract: A system and method suitable for selection, manipulation, and analysis of individual particles within a fluid medium. The system and method involve manipulating the particles by contacting the fluid medium with a plasmonic nanoantenna, illuminating the plasmonic nanoantenna with a source of light such that the plasmonic nanoantenna acts as a nanoscale heat source resulting in localized heating of the fluid medium creating local gradients in the electrical properties of the fluid medium that yield plasmonic trapping sites in the vicinity of the plasmonic nanoantenna, and applying an alternating current electric field in the fluid medium to create electrothermoplasmonic flow around the plasmonic nanoantenna. The electrothermoplasmonic flow transports at least one of the particles towards the plasmonic nanoantenna and the particle is trapped by at least one of the plasmonic trapping sites.