Abstract: The described techniques support a sensing scheme for electromagnetic excitation in ultrasonic imaging sensors. A biological tissue may be sensed and imaged using an electromagnetic excitation process to generate ultrasonic waves, such as, within the tissue. A component of a device may generate one or more pulses of electromagnetic waves, which may encounter and enter the biological tissue. The electromagnetic waves may excite the biological tissue and generate ultrasonic waves via expansion and contraction of the tissue upon heating. The ultrasonic waves may propagate within the biological tissue and may be sensed by an ultrasonic receiver array. The ultrasonic waves may be converted to pixel image data of a biometric image and may be used for biometric authentication. This process may be repeated to reconstruct an image of the finger at multiple plane slices of the finger.

Abstract: Some disclosed methods involve controlling, via a control system, a light source system to emit a plurality of light pulses into biological tissue at a pulse repetition frequency, the biological tissue including blood and blood vessels at depths within the biological tissue. Such methods may involve receiving, by the control system, signals from the piezoelectric receiver corresponding to acoustic waves emitted from portions of the biological tissue, the acoustic waves corresponding to photoacoustic emissions from the blood and the blood vessels caused by the plurality of light pulses. Such methods may involve detecting, by the control system, heart rate waveforms in the signals, determining, by the control system, a first subset of detected heart rate waveforms corresponding to vein heart rate waveforms and determining, by the control system, a second subset of detected heart rate waveforms corresponding to artery heart rate waveforms.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a cover layer, a layer of first metamaterial proximate (or in) the cover layer, a light source system configured for providing light to the layer of first metamaterial and a receiver system. The first metamaterial may include nanoparticles configured to create ultrasonic waves when illuminated by light. The receiver system may include an ultrasonic receiver system configured to receive ultrasonic waves reflected from a target object in contact with, or proximate, a surface of the cover layer. The control system may be configured to receive ultrasonic receiver signals from the ultrasonic receiver system corresponding to the ultrasonic waves reflected from the target object and to perform an authentication process and/or an imaging process that is based, at least in part, on the ultrasonic receiver signals.

Abstract: An apparatus may include a cover layer, a layer of first metamaterial proximate (or in) the cover layer, a light source system configured for providing light to the layer of first metamaterial and a receiver system. The first metamaterial may include nanoparticles configured to create ultrasonic waves when illuminated by light. The receiver system may include an ultrasonic receiver system configured to receive ultrasonic waves reflected from a target object in contact with, or proximate, a surface of the cover layer. The control system may be configured to receive ultrasonic receiver signals from the ultrasonic receiver system corresponding to the ultrasonic waves reflected from the target object and to perform an authentication process and/or an imaging process that is based, at least in part, on the ultrasonic receiver signals.

Abstract: The described techniques support a sensing scheme for electromagnetic excitation in ultrasonic imaging sensors. A biological tissue may be sensed and imaged using an electromagnetic excitation process to generate ultrasonic waves, such as, within the tissue. A component of a device may generate one or more pulses of electromagnetic waves, which may encounter and enter the biological tissue. In some examples, the component may be a display interface or may be different from a display interface of the device. The electromagnetic waves may excite the biological tissue and generate ultrasonic waves via expansion and contraction of the tissue upon heating. The ultrasonic waves may propagate within the biological tissue and may be sensed by an ultrasonic receiver array. The sensed ultrasonic waves may be converted to pixel image data of a biometric image and may be used for biometric authentication.

Abstract: Techniques for improving the integrity and performance of biometric security processes on data processing devices are provided. An example of a method of determining a liveness of a biometric input according to the disclosure includes obtaining inquiry image information, obtaining enrollment image information, determining alignment information based on the inquiry image information and the enrollment image information, determining an overlap area based on the alignment information, determining anti-spoofing features based on the overlap area within the inquiry image information and the enrollment image information, and outputting a liveness score based on the anti-spoofing features.

Abstract: The described techniques support a sensing scheme for electromagnetic excitation in ultrasonic imaging sensors. A biological tissue may be sensed and imaged using an electromagnetic excitation process to generate ultrasonic waves, such as, within the tissue. A component of a device may generate one or more pulses of electromagnetic waves, which may encounter and enter the biological tissue. The electromagnetic waves may excite the biological tissue and generate ultrasonic waves via expansion and contraction of the tissue upon heating. The ultrasonic waves may propagate within the biological tissue and may be sensed by an ultrasonic receiver array. The ultrasonic waves may be converted to pixel image data of a biometric image and may be used for biometric authentication. This process may be repeated to reconstruct an image of the finger at multiple plane slices of the finger.

Abstract: The described techniques support a sensing scheme for electromagnetic excitation in ultrasonic imaging sensors. A biological tissue may be sensed and imaged using an electromagnetic excitation process to generate ultrasonic waves, such as, within the tissue. A component of a device may generate one or more pulses of electromagnetic waves, which may encounter and enter the biological tissue. In some examples, the component may be a display interface or may be different from a display interface of the device. The electromagnetic waves may excite the biological tissue and generate ultrasonic waves via expansion and contraction of the tissue upon heating. The ultrasonic waves may propagate within the biological tissue and may be sensed by an ultrasonic receiver array. The sensed ultrasonic waves may be converted to pixel image data of a biometric image and may be used for biometric authentication.

Abstract: A one-to-many identification system for access control allows a search rate of up to ˜1:30,000 in a real time. The system uses a very fast pattern based screening algorithm followed by a fast minutiae based screening algorithm. A fused score of both algorithms is used as a decision metric to screen out a vast majority of all the templates after the second stage. The remaining templates are sent to a full minutiae based algorithm to obtain a minutiae comparison score. If the result is still inconclusive after the third stage, a full pattern based algorithm is run, and its score is fused with the minutiae comparison score. The system also uses an adaptive classification technique which minimizes a distance between each template and a number of templates. The system can be realised as a standalone unit or on a server.

Abstract: This invention describes a secure method for consistently reproducing a digital key using a biometric, such as a fingerprint. The digital key is linked to the biometric only through a secure block of data, known as the protected filter. The key cannot be released from the protected filter other than via the interaction with the correct biometric image. Once generated, the digital key may be used in a system as an encryption/decryption key, or as a personal identification number (PIN).

Abstract: A method for permitting the secure handling of data between two remote stations firstly involves the generation of an encrypted decryption key which is based on a fingerprint information signal from a user of a first station, a fingerprint information signal from a user of a second station, and a key representing function derived from a random key. The encrypted decryption key is of the type with the property that when it is written to a spatial light modulator (SLM) of an optical correlator, the output of the correlator is similar when input with either one of the fingerprint information signals. The encrypted key is then stored at both stations. Thereafter a message encrypted with the key may be decrypted at either station by retrieving the encrypted key, writing the encrypted key to a filter of an optical correlator, inputting one of the fingerprint information signals to the correlator in order to allow recovery of the decryption key, and applying the decryption key to the encrypted message.

Abstract: A hybrid optical-digital technique is provided for automatic fingerprint verification. A coherent optical beam modulated with the characteristics of a fingerprint image passes through the lens performing an optical Fourier transform. The intensity array that represents the Fourier power spectrum is recorded and processed. In enrolment, several arrays related to the same finger are captured and processed. A template which is unique for each fingerprint is generated and stored. Using the set of arrays captured in enrolment and a set of templates from a standard database, the processor calculates dependences of false rejection rate and false acceptance rate upon a metric of comparison. The metric is obtained by calculating a relative distance between two arrays in Hilbert space. An individual threshold of verification for a person to be enroled is set and stored together with the template.

Abstract: A method using a fingerprint image as a cipher for optical encrypting and decrypting information which is presented in the form of an analogous signal. The method includes recording a Fourier hologram, the complex amplitude of the spatial grating of the hologram being a Fourier transform of the information image divided by a Fourier transform of the fingerprint image. To prepare the hologram, a full-complex spatial light modulator (SLM) may be used. The parameters of the Fourier transforms are chosen such that the optical spatial frequencies of the information image and the cipher lie in the same physical range. In another embodiment, the intensity distribution of the Fourier spectrum of the fingerprint image is captured. The cipher image is obtained by illuminating a phase-only SLM which is addressed with a function derived from this intensity distribution. The hologram may be amplitude or phase; thin, thick or volume; transparent or reflective; prepared optically or computer-generated.

Abstract: A method for permitting the secure handling or data between two remote stations firstly involves the generation of an encrypted decryption key which is based on a fingerprint information signal from a user of a first station, a fingerprint information signal from a user of a second station, and a key representing function derived from a random key. The encrypted decryption key is of the type with the property that when it is written to a spatial light modulator (SLM) of an optical correlator, the output of the correlator is similar when input with either one of the fingerprint information signals. The encrypted key is then stored at both stations. Thereafter a message encrypted with the key may be decrypted at either station by retrieving the encrypted key, writing the encrypted key to a filter of an optical correlator, inputting one of the fingerprint information signals to the correlator in order to allow recovery of the decryption key, and applying the decryption key to the encrypted message.

Abstract: A method and apparatus using biometric information (such as a fingerprint, an iris structure, etc.) as a cipher for encrypting and decrypting a personal identification number (PIN) which is used as an input to a PIN requiring device. The method of encryption of a PIN includes generating a sequence of random characters representing a PIN to be encrypted; obtaining a generating function such that the random characters are coefficients in an expansion of a square of said generating function over basis functions; and dividing a transform of the generating function by Fourier transformed information image signal to obtain the encrypted PIN. The latter is stored digitally or as a hologram in a personal card or a database. To decrypt the PIN, a full-complex spatial light modulator is illuminated with an optical beam carrying the Fourier transform of the biometric image of an individual to be identified.