Abstract: A road machine for preventing slippery roads and comprising a means for discharging and spreading material for preventing slippery roads as well as a device for verifying the discharge function. The verifying device comprises a microwave transmitter/receiver (10) and a signal processing circuit (20), which in response to the received signal can detect the presence of discharged material for preventing slippery roads. In this manner it is possible to carry out a contact-free verification of the discharge function of particles moving at a specific speed and in a specific direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to the measuring of sound pressure levels in the auditory canal of a person in connection with the fitting of a hearing aid. An apparatus for this purpose comprises a measuring probe (1) which is introduced into the auditory canal, a microphone (6) coupled to the measuring probe (1), a data processing unit (14) with display (15) and printer (15'), a reference microphone (8) and a source of sound (10). In order to be able to position the measuring probe (1) precisely in the auditory canal, the probe is configured with means for measuring the distance from the free end of the probe to the ear drum which employs either sound, electromagnetic waves or light.

Abstract: An inflated balloon (5) implanted in a patient (3) is provided with a high-frequency receiver system (7) wherein an electric current is induced upon the generation of a high-frequency, electromagnetic field outside the patient which electric current activates a puncturing device, such as an electric resistor element (11), in the balloon (5).

Abstract: A device for disintegrating kidney stones or gallstones by means of a focusing chamber being part of a rotation ellipsoid and comprising in one focal point a spark gap producing shock waves. Means fixing the device to the skin of the patient are provided in connection with the focusing chamber. A movable rubber sleeve or bellows may be provided in connection with the fixing means, said sleeve or bellows being glued onto the skin of the patient. As an alternative circumferential suction chambers may be provided along the rim of the sleeve, or the entire device may be shaped as a suction cup. An ultrasonic transducer is situated within the focusing chamber, said ultrasonic transducer optionally being situated on a cone-shaped body in turn situated on a pivotable bar within the focusing chamber. In this manner it is possible to localize a stone by means of an ultrasonic scanner without the ultrasonic transducer in question being damaged by shock waves.

Abstract: An electromedical system comprising a temperature sensor which can be placed in the ear of a pig. According to the invention the temperature sensor is constituted by a substantially circular resilient element fixable in the auditory meatus, and which via a conductor, e.g. a wire is connected to an outwardly located transmitter capable of transmitting the temperatures measured to one or several receivers placed at a distance therefrom. As a result a current recording of the temperature of a pig can be performed. The construction of the sensor ensures close contact with the auditory meatus, at the same time while the hearing of the animal is not affected, and normal secretion can take place.

Abstract: By a process for optically determining the meat-to-lard-ratio in for instance slaughtered animals, a probe is inserted perpendicular to the surface of the animal. This probe (7) comprises at least two light fibres (1, 2) opening on to the surface of the probe and communicating at the opposite end with means for transmitting and receiving red light of a predetermined wave length. The signals received are measured relative to a reference value automatically determined as the mean value of the lowest reflection values. This process is so sensitive that even the degree of marbling may be measured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for providing an ultrasonic sectional view by exciting elements in a plane ultrasonic transducer to form focusing waves. The reflected waves are received and time-coordinated by means of a circuit for each element or each set of elements, whereby the reflected waves are geometrically correctly placed in a visualizing screen. According to the invention the circuits are uniform.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing an ultrasonic sectional view stating the proportion of meat and lard in biological material. The apparatus comprises a transducer unit and an ultrasonic pulse generator providing a periodically scanning window. Said transducer unit comprises at least two multi-crystal units, the longitudinal axes of which may form a variable angle. The joint between the multi-crystal units comprises an angle information unit. By means of said angle information unit and the means for visualizing reflected ultrasonic echoes it is possible to visualize marginal surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing an ultrasonic sectional view of a body to be examined. The apparatus comprises a transducer head in the form of a wheel in the periphery of which four ultrasonic transducers are built in. The wheel rotates about an axis perpendicular to the sectional plane. The apparatus further comprises means for separately and successively cutting the transducers in and out of a pulse circuit in such a manner that each transducer covers only a sector from -45.degree. to +45.degree. with regard to a symmetry axis for the transducer head.

Abstract: A surgical instrument for taking biological samples from the interior of a living human or animal body is provided. It comprises a tubular needle with a tubular stiletto snugly and slidably fitted therein, the distal end of said tubular stiletto being sharpened. The stiletto contains optical fiber means for directing light into the interior of the body and for directing reflected light therefrom and is provided with fine air ducts, which, when subjected to a partial vacuum, cause the stiletto to slide forward through the needle into abutment on the interior surface from which a biological sample is to be taken.

Abstract: The conventional fibre optics in a cystoscope is replaced by a scanning device by which it is possible to obtain an ultrasonic scanning picture of the interior of a human body, especially the bladder and the prostate region. Essentially, the scanning device comprises an elongated tube mounted on a stepping motor. From the distal end of this tube a cautery electrode protrudes, the distal end further being provided with a transducer for pulse-echo ultrasonic exploration.

Abstract: When mapping out the internal cross-sectional dimensions of elongated, tubular bodies, correlated values of the external cross-sectional dimensions and wall thicknesses are measured along measuring lines from the outside of the body and the sum of the wall thicknesses measured along each measuring line is subtracted from the external cross-sectional dimension measured along the same or substantially the same measuring line. This avoids the use of measuring means in the interior of the tubular bodies, whereby the measuring can be carried out much faster and without the danger of injuring the internal surface of the bodies.