Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a wireless communication method and an apparatus. The method includes: A first communication apparatus receives first information, where the first information indicates a determining threshold of a parameter in a first parameter set, and the first parameter set includes at least one of the following parameters: location information, delay information, a timing advance rate, a rate of the timing advance rate, a Doppler value, a Doppler rate, and remaining coverage time. The first communication apparatus determines, based on the first information, whether an access condition is met, and performs random access when the access condition is met. This avoids a random access failure in a current cell and re-access in a next cell due to random access performed when the condition is not met.

Abstract: This application relates to a cell selection method and apparatus. In an example method, a terminal device performs measurement based on measurement configuration information of N cells and determines M candidate cells based on a measurement result. N is an integer greater than 0, and M is an integer greater than 0 and less than N. The example method further includes the terminal device selecting a target cell from the M candidate cells based on first information. The first information includes coverage information of at least one candidate cell in the M candidate cells.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: A second satellite device receives first indication information from a first satellite device, and obtains, based on the first indication information, a first timing pre-compensation value and/or a first frequency pre-compensation value corresponding to at least one first terminal. The second satellite device communicates with the at least one first terminal based on the first timing pre-compensation value and/or the first frequency pre-compensation value.

Abstract: A communication method is provided, including: A second device receives policy related information from M first devices; the second device obtains transmission decisions of the M first devices based on the policy related information by using a second neural network; the second device updates the second neural network based on reward information, and sends, to the M first devices, information for updating a first neural network, and the third device obtains second update parameter information of the first neural network based on the first update parameter information of the first neural network of the M first devices, and sends the second update parameter information of the first neural network to the M first devices, so that the first device may update the first neural network. The second update parameter information is obtained in a training process, so that training overheads can be reduced.

Abstract: The method is provided, including: A second device receives a first message and a third message, and sends a second message to a first device. The first message indicates all or a part of a first generator, the third message indicates all or a part of a third generator, an input supported by the first generator includes first information of a first type, an input supported by the third generator includes fourth information of the first type, and the first generator and the third generator are configured to train a neural network corresponding to a second generator; and the second message indicates all or a part of the second generator, and an input supported by the second generator includes the first information and the fourth information. Information collected in a real scenario may be used to train a generation model, to make a communication network more intelligent and adaptive.

Abstract: In an information sharing method, a communication apparatus obtains first information sharing level of a first device, and sends first shared information corresponding to the first information sharing level to a second device. The apparatus obtains a second information sharing level of the first device, and sends second shared information corresponding to the second information sharing level to the second device. The second information sharing level is different from the first information sharing level, the second shared information is not exactly the same as the first shared information, and the first shared information and the second shared information are for model training.

Abstract: A data transmission method and apparatus are described. The method includes a receive end receiving a first parameter, where the first parameter includes a parameter of a probability distribution of a hidden variable. The hidden variable is obtained by encoding first data by using an encoder of a variational auto-encoder. The receive end determines the probability distribution based on the first parameter, and samples the probability distribution M times to obtain M pieces of sampled data, where M is a positive integer. The receive end reconstructs the first data based on the M pieces of sampled data. According to the described data transmission method and apparatus, the first parameter is transmitted, so that the receive end can support a plurality of times of sampling, thereby reducing an amount of data transmitted over an air interface, and reducing data transmission overhead.

Abstract: A method for determining an auxiliary bit of a polar code and an apparatus. At least K sub-channels are determined based on reliability of a first sub-channel set, where the K sub-channels carry information bits. S sub-channel subsets are determined based on the first sub-channel set, an ith sub-channel subset in the S sub-channel subsets includes Ji sub-channels carrying auxiliary bits and Ki sub-channels in the K sub-channels. Sequence numbers of the Ji sub-channels carrying the auxiliary bits are after sequence numbers of the Ki sub-channels. The auxiliary bits are known redundancy check RC bits. Polar encoding is performed on the information bits and the auxiliary bits, to output polar-encoded data.

Abstract: An encoding method includes, when a first code rate K/Nmax is less than or equal to a code rate threshold Rt, reading a first matrix from a preset code table based on a second matrix. The second matrix includes a matrix that is read from the preset code table and that corresponds to a maximum supported code length Nmax and Rt, where K is an integer and N is an integer. The method also includes reading K rows and (N?K) columns starting from a preset first location in the first matrix to obtain a third matrix. The method further includes adding a unit matrix with K rows and K columns to a left side of the third matrix to obtain a generator matrix of an (N, K) linear block code. K rows and (Nmax?Nmax×Rt) columns of the second matrix in a first direction are consistent with K rows and (Nmax?Nmax×Rt) columns of the first matrix in a second direction.

Abstract: This application provides a method for processing a round trip delay, a related apparatus, and a readable storage medium, and pertains to the field of communications technologies. The method includes: receiving a delay quantization parameter of a common round trip delay (RTD), where the delay quantization parameter includes a first quantization parameter, and the first quantization parameter is used to indicate a height-related delay; and obtaining the common RTD based on the delay quantization parameter. The height-related delay is indicated by using the first quantization parameter, so that the common RTD is obtained based on the first quantization parameter.

Abstract: An encoding method and apparatus are provided, to propose a construction and encoding scheme of a BCH code. A code length and a code rate of an obtained BCH code are flexible, to satisfy a requirement of flexible channel encoding in wireless communication. The method includes determining a first encoding parameter based on a first BCH code, where the first BCH code is a to-be-coded BCH code, the first encoding parameter is a first code or a generator matrix of a first code, the first code has a code length of n and an information bit length of k, n is greater than o, and k is greater than o, and performing BCH encoding based on the first encoding parameter.

Abstract: A data transmission method includes obtaining a data stream. The data stream includes a plurality of bit groups. The method also includes modulating the data stream into a modulated symbol stream according to a modulation rule, and generating a modulated signal based on the modulated symbol stream. The modulated symbol stream includes a plurality of modulated symbol. The modulation rule includes determining, in a symbol period of one modulated symbol based on a value of a first bit group, a zero time point corresponding to the first bit group. The zero time point is a zero crossing point of the modulated signal in the symbol period. The first bit group includes at least one bit. The first bit group is one of the plurality of bit groups. The method further includes sending the modulated signal.

Abstract: A hard drive backplane has a plurality of ventilation holes, and the expansion cavity muffler is mounted in the ventilation holes of the hard drive backplane. The expansion cavity muffler includes at least one expansion cavity and at least one connecting pipe in communication in a first direction. The connecting pipe at one end of the expansion cavity muffler facing toward the hard drive backplane is fixedly mounted in the ventilation hole such that the expansion cavity muffler is in communication with the ventilation hole. An area of a cross-section that is of each expansion cavity and that is perpendicular to the first direction is larger than an area of a cross-section that is of the connecting pipe adjacent to the expansion cavity and that is perpendicular to the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to a surface of the hard drive backplane.

Abstract: A method includes: A transmit end obtains P QAM symbols; the transmit end performs IDWT or DWT on the P QAM symbols, to obtain a first signal matrix with N rows and M columns, and transposes the first signal matrix, to obtain a transposed first transpose matrix, where P, N, and M are all positive integers; and the transmit end outputs the transposed first transpose matrix. Correspondingly, a receive end obtains a second signal matrix with M rows and N columns; the receive end transposes the second signal matrix, to obtain a transposed second transpose matrix; and performs DWT or IDWT on the second transpose matrix, to obtain P QAM symbols.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a data transmission method, apparatus, and system, and relate to the communication field. This can flexibly configure a HARQ process to improve a data transmission throughput. A specific solution is: A network device sends a first transport block and a first identifier to a terminal. The first identifier is used to indicate whether to switch, from non-hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ transmission to HARQ transmission, a HARQ process in which the first transport block is located. The first identifier is occupied when the HARQ process uses the HARQ transmission. The terminal receives the first transport block and the first identifier from the network device. The first identifier is used to indicate whether to switch, from the non-hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ transmission to the HARQ transmission, the HARQ process in which the first transport block is located.

Abstract: This application discloses a frequency compensation method and apparatus, to improve performance of frequency compensation. The method includes: determining a change rate of a Doppler frequency shift value based on a weighted change rate of a change rate of a timing advance TA, determining the Doppler frequency shift value based on the change rate of the Doppler frequency shift value, and performing frequency compensation based on the determined Doppler frequency shift value; or determining a frequency offset value based on the Doppler frequency shift value with reference to pre-compensation and based on a reference signal, to further determine a frequency offset value, and performing frequency compensation based on the frequency offset value.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a neural network-based communication method and a related apparatus. Specifically, joint training optimization is performed on an encoding neural network used by a transmit end and a decoding neural network used by a receive end. A first neural network in the encoding neural network reuses the decoding neural network and a parameter of the decoding neural network.

Abstract: Embodiments disclose an encoding method and a communications device. The method includes: obtaining and encoding a to-be-encoded information bit sequence based on a binary vector P1 of a first code, to obtain and output an encoded bit sequence, where P1 is determined based on a binary vector P2 of a second code and a binary vector P3 of a third code, P1, P2, and P3 indicate an information bit and a frozen bit of the first code, the second code and the third code respectively, a code length of the first code, the second code and the third code is n1, n2 and n3 respectively, a quantity of information bits of the first code, the second code and the third code is k1, k2 and k3 respectively, n1=n2*n3, and k1=k2*k3. Therefore, parallel decoding can be performed, helping reduce a decoding delay.

Abstract: A data model training method and apparatus are provided. The method includes receiving data subsets from a plurality of subnodes and performing data convergence based on the plurality of data subsets to obtain a first data set. A first data model and at least one of the first data set or a subset of the first data set are sent to a first subnode, where an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm is configured for the first subnode. A second data model is received from the first subnode, where the second data model is obtained by training the first data model based on the first data set or the subset of the first data set. The first data model is updated based on the second data model to obtain a target data model, the target data model is sent to the plurality of subnodes.

Abstract: This application provides a coding method and apparatus.