Abstract: An embodiment includes configuring a grounding based application (GBA) structure comprising a plurality of layers, where the plurality of layers comprises a first layer and a second layer, the first layer having a first node that receives an input associated with a child node responsive to an input query, and the second layer having a second node that outputs a response to the input query. The embodiment also includes evaluating, using the GBA structure, a logical inference based on the input query, where the evaluating comprises generating a first truth table associated with the first node, where the generating of the first truth table comprises retaining truth values resulting from a downward inference pass on the GBA structure and discarding truth values resulting from an upward inference pass on the GBA structure. The embodiment also includes outputting, responsive to the evaluating, an output truth value representative of the logical inference.