Abstract: An acoustic sensor for use in a typical atmospheric condition, which contains both winds and turbulence, such as a wind and turbulence encountered on the exterior surface of a moving airborne flight vehicle includes a probe housing having a streamlined shape and a set of indentations in the exterior surface thereof extending inwardly located at a particular longitudinal location, radial airflow passages nested in respective ones of the concave indentations, the passages merging at a central manifold of the passages, wherein the particular longitudinal location is such as to minimize noise attributable to fluctuations in the wind in a longitudinal direction, and wherein the concave indentations have indentation depths such as to minimize noise attributable to wind transverse to the probe.

Abstract: An improvement to the controllability of aircraft wherein vortex generators are connected to a control surface in front of the hinge line of the control surface so that when the control surface is deflected, the vortex generators project into the airstream on the opposite side from the deflecting control surface. The action of the vortex generators causes the airflow to remain attached to the control surface at higher angles of attack than would otherwise be possible thus increasing the lift of the airfoil and control surface.