Abstract: A reflective element 26, such as a Bragg grating, impressed in an optical fiber 24, has a reflection wavelength which is tuned by compressing the grating 26. Because an optical fiber is a much stronger under compression than in tension, the grating 26 is tunable over a much broader range than conventional tension/stretching techniques.

Abstract: An optical waveguide light redirecting arrangement includes an optical waveguide having a solid portion that guides light in a first path along a longitudinal axis, with at least one grating region being embedded in the solid portion at a location remote from its end portions. The grating region includes a multitude of grating elements extending at such longitudinal spacings and at such oblique angles relative to the longitudinal axis to redirect light reaching the grating elements between the first path and at least one second path extending externally of the waveguide and diverging between a focus situated at a predetermined distance from the waveguide and the grating region. When light is directed in one of the first and second paths toward the grating region, it is redirected by the grating elements into the respectively other of the second and first paths with attendant in-phase combination in the other path of light having a wavelength within a range around a central wavelength.