Abstract: A state determination device determines the state of a drive mechanism configured to operate while holding a substrate in a substrate processing apparatus. The state determination part includes: an acquisition part configured to acquire operation data for the drive mechanism; a model generation part configured to generate a monitoring model for the drive mechanism by executing machine learning using an auto-encoder based on normal operation data that is derived from the operation data acquired by the acquisition part when the drive mechanism is operating normally; and a first determination part configured to determine the state of the drive mechanism based on first output data obtained by inputting, to the monitoring model, evaluation data that is derived from the operation data acquired by the acquisition part when the drive mechanism is being evaluated.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to mutated tRNAs in which the first letter of the anticodon has been substituted to lysidine or agmatidine, and translation systems containing the mutated tRNAs. In a specific embodiment, the present disclosure provides mutated tRNAs capable of selectively translating codon NNA. In another embodiment, the present disclosure provides translation systems capable of translating two or three types of amino acids from a single codon box. In still another embodiment, the present disclosure provides novel methods for synthesizing lysidine diphosphate, agmatidine diphosphate, and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) having increased reactivity with N-methyl amino acids compared to natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases according to the present invention can aminoacylate tRNAs with their corresponding N-methyl-substituted amino acids such as N-methyl-phenylalanine, N-methyl-valine, N-methyl-serine, N-methyl-threonine, N-methyl-tryptophan and N-methyl-leucine more efficiently than natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The present invention enables a more efficient production of polypeptides containing N-methyl amino acids.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide methods of discovering drugs effective for tough targets, which have conventionally been discovered only with difficulty. The present invention relates to novel methods for cyclizing peptide compounds, and novel peptide compounds and libraries comprising the same, to achieve the above object.

Abstract: The present invention provides modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) having increased reactivity with N-methyl amino acids compared to natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases according to the present invention can aminoacylate tRNAs with their corresponding N-methyl-substituted amino acids such as N-methyl-phenylalanine, N-methyl-valine, N-methyl-serine, N-methyl-threonine, N-methyl-tryptophan, and N-methyl-leucine more efficiently than natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The present invention enables a more efficient production of polypeptides containing N-methyl amino acids.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide methods of synthesizing peptides containing structurally diverse amino acids using cell-free translation systems, which can accomplish excellent translational efficiency as compared to conventional techniques (the conventional techniques being methods which involve preparing aminoacyl-tRNAs which do not have protecting groups outside the translation systems without using ARS, and then adding the prepared aminoacyl-tRNAs into translation systems). In the present invention, it was found that amino acid-containing peptides can be synthesized efficiently by protecting an amino acid linked to tRNA with an appropriate protecting group, and then performing the step of deprotecting the protecting group of the amino acid linked to tRNA and the step of peptide translation from a template nucleic acid in a cell-free translation system in parallel.

Abstract: When the initiation suppression method was used for translation of a peptide having at its N terminus an amino acid residue carrying a thiol group near its amino group with specific protecting groups being introduced to the thiol group and the amino group, it was found that not only the probability of initiation of amino acid translation reaction was improved, but also production of cleaved peptides was suppressed and translation efficiency and purity were improved. Furthermore, it was found that it is possible to efficiently promote the cyclization reaction of the peptide through amide bond formation. Based on these findings, the inventors discovered novel methods for preparing complexes between nucleic acids and peptides containing various unnatural amino acids and having an amide bond-mediated cyclized portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a developer carrier disposed so as to face the image carrier, a transfer body disposed so as to face the image carrier, and a contact-separation mechanism. The contact-separation mechanism brings the developer carrier and the image carrier into contact with each other and separates the developer carrier and the image carrier from each other, and brings the image carrier and the transfer body into contact with each other and separates the image carrier and the transfer body from each other.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a developer carrier disposed so as to face the image carrier, a transfer body disposed so as to face the image carrier, and a contact-separation mechanism. The contact-separation mechanism brings the developer carrier and the image carrier into contact with each other and separates the developer carrier and the image carrier from each other, and brings the image carrier and the transfer body into contact with each other and separates the image carrier and the transfer body from each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) having increased reactivity with N-methyl amino acids compared to natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases according to the present invention can aminoacylate tRNAs with their corresponding N-methyl-substituted amino acids such as N-methyl-phenylalanine, N-methyl-valine, N-methyl-serine, N-methyl-threonine, N-methyl-tryptophan, and N-methyl-leucine more efficiently than natural aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. The present invention enables a more efficient production of polypeptides containing N-methyl amino acids.

Abstract: It is an object to make it possible to burn and remove particulate matter without generating runaway even if the particulate matter is excessively accumulated at the time of regeneration of an exhaust gas purification device. A common rail engine and the exhaust gas purification device placed in an exhaust gas path of the engine are provided. A plurality of regeneration controls for burning and removing the particulate matter accumulated in the exhaust gas purification device can be executed. The plurality of regeneration controls include at least non-operation regeneration control for raising exhaust gas temperature by combining post injection (E) and predetermined high speed rotation speed, and recovery regeneration control which can be executed when the non-operation regeneration control fails. In the non-operation regeneration control and the recovery regeneration control, the engine is driven exclusively for burning and removing the particulate matter.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system comprises an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust gas route of an engine, renewing devices for burning and removing a particulate matter within the exhaust gas purification device, renewal advance notifying means which is actuated in the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, and renewal informing means which informs of a fact that the renewing devices are under operation. The renewal advance notifying means is actuated before actuating the renewing devices.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide methods of discovering drugs effective for tough targets, which have conventionally been discovered only with difficulty. The present invention relates to novel methods for cyclizing peptide compounds, and novel peptide compounds and libraries comprising the same, to achieve the above object.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system comprises an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust gas route of an engine, renewing devices, for burning and removing a particulate matter within the exhaust gas purification device, renewal advance notifying means which is actuated in the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, and renewal informing means which informs of a fact that the renewing devices are under operation. The renewal advance notifying means is actuated before actuating the renewing devices.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide methods of discovering drugs effective for tough targets, which have conventionally been discovered only with difficulty. The present invention relates to novel methods for cyclizing peptide compounds, and novel peptide compounds and libraries comprising the same, to achieve the above object.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system comprises an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust gas route of an engine, renewing devices for burning and removing a particulate matter within the exhaust gas purification device, renewal advance notifying means which is actuated in the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, and renewal informing means which informs of a fact that the renewing devices are under operation. The renewal advance notifying means is actuated before actuating the renewing devices.

Abstract: It is an object to make it possible to burn and remove particulate matter without generating runaway even if the particulate matter is excessively accumulated at the time of regeneration of an exhaust gas purification device. A common rail engine and the exhaust gas purification device placed in an exhaust gas path of the engine are provided. A plurality of regeneration controls for burning and removing the particulate matter accumulated in the exhaust gas purification device can be executed. The plurality of regeneration controls include at least non-operation regeneration control for rising exhaust gas temperature by combining post injection (E) and predetermined high speed rotation speed, and recovery regeneration control which can be executed when the non-operation regeneration control fails. In the non-operation regeneration control and the recovery regeneration control, the engine is driven exclusively for burning and removing the particulate matter.

Abstract: In a manufacturing method of a solid-state image pickup device according to an embodiment, a transfer gate electrode is formed in a predetermined position on an upper surface of a first conductive semiconductor area, through a gate insulating film. A second conductive charge storage area is formed in an area adjacent to the transfer gate electrode in the first conductive semiconductor area. A sidewall is formed on a side surface of the transfer gate electrode. An insulating film is formed to extend from a circumference surface of the sidewall on a side of the charge storage area to a position partially covering the upper part of the charge storage area. A first conductive charge storage layer is formed in the charge storage area by implanting first conductive impurities from above, into the charge storage area which is partially covered with the insulating film.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification device is arranged in an exhaust gas route of a common rail type engine. At least one of an intake air throttle device and an exhaust gas throttle device are arranged in intake and exhaust systems of the engine. In the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, an auxiliary renewing mode which raises the temperature of an exhaust gas from the engine by actuating at least one of the intake air throttle device and the exhaust gas throttle device is executed, and in the case that the clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device is not improved even by executing the auxiliary renewing mode, a forced renewing mode which supplies a fuel into the exhaust gas purification device by a post injection is executed.

Abstract: A lithographic projection apparatus includes a substrate table configured to hold a substrate, a projection system arranged to project a patterned beam of radiation onto the substrate, a liquid supply system configured to supply liquid to a space between the projection system and the substrate, and a residual liquid detector configured to detect liquid remaining on the substrate and/or the substrate table after an exposure is completed. A device manufacturing method includes projecting, using a projection system of a lithographic apparatus, a patterned beam of radiation through a liquid onto a substrate, the substrate being held by a substrate table, and, after the projecting is complete, detecting residual liquid on the substrate and/or the substrate table.