Abstract: A storage server resizes an array of mass storage devices and distributes data blocks stored in the array of mass storage devices evenly in a declustered organization across the resized array of mass storage devices. Resizing the array of mass storage devices may include adding a new mass storage device to the array or removing a mass storage device from the array. During resizing a data block is moved from one mass storage device to another mass storage device to minimize the imbalance of parity groups shared by the new mass storage devices in the array, as well as minimize the number of data blocks to be moved to uniformly balance the load across the new mass storage device.

Abstract: A horn coupled to multiple acoustic transducers includes first and second throat portions and a mixing area integrally formed with the first and second throat portions. The first throat portion has a first throat opening adjacent to a first transducer, and the second throat portion has a second throat opening adjacent to a second transducer. The mixing area includes a common mouth opening shared by the first and second throat portions for at least one of transmitting or receiving acoustic signals. At least one dimension of the first throat portion is different from a corresponding dimension of the second throat portion, so that a first cutoff frequency corresponding to the first throat portion is different from a second cutoff frequency corresponding to the second throat portion.

Abstract: A parity pattern defines a repeated distribution of parity blocks within a distributed parity disk array (“DPDA”). The parity pattern identifies on which disks the parity block or blocks for a stripe are located. When a new disk is added to the DPDA, the parity pattern is modified so that the distribution of parity blocks within the parity pattern is even. Parity blocks within the DPDA are then redistributed to conform with the modified parity pattern.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide novel, reliable and efficient technique for tracking, tolerating and correcting unrecoverable errors (i.e., errors that cannot be recovered by the existing RAID protection schemes) in a RAID array by reducing the need to perform drastic recovery actions, such as a file system consistency check, which typically disrupts client access to the storage system. Advantageously, ability to tolerate and correct errors in the RAID array beyond the fault tolerance level of the underlying RAID technique increases resiliency and availability of the storage system.

Abstract: An n-way parity protection technique enables recovery of up to n storage device (e.g., disk) failures in a parity group of a storage array encoded to protect against n-way disk failures. The storage array is created by first configuring the array with m data disks, where m=p?1 and p is a prime number and a row parity disk. n?1 diagonal parity disks are then added to the array. Each diagonal parity set (i.e., diagonal) is associated with a slope that defines the data and row parity blocks of the array that are included in the diagonal. All diagonals having a common slope within a parity group are organized as a diagonal parity class. For each diagonal parity class, a diagonal parity storage disk is provided to store the diagonal parity.

Abstract: A storage server receives a notification indicating a failure of a mass storage device in a storage array. The storage server determines whether a number of failures exceeds a fault tolerance level of the array and if the number of failures exceeds the fault tolerance level, recovers an address space corresponding to the failed storage device. When recovering the address space, the storage server replaces the failed storage device with a spare storage device having an identifiable pattern stored thereon and determines whether a file system on the storage system can automatically invalidate cached data blocks on the failed storage device.

Abstract: Electronic devices and microphone devices are described.

Abstract: A triple parity (TP) technique reduces overhead of computing diagonal and anti-diagonal parity for a storage array adapted to enable efficient recovery from the concurrent failure of three storage devices in the array. The diagonal parity is computed along diagonal parity sets that collectively span all data disks and a row parity disk of the array. The parity for all of the diagonal parity sets except one is stored on the diagonal parity disk. Similarly, the anti-diagonal parity is computed along anti-diagonal parity sets that collectively span all data disks and a row parity disk of the array. The parity for all of the anti-diagonal parity sets except one is stored on the anti-diagonal parity disk. The TP technique provides a uniform stripe depth and an optimal amount of parity information.

Abstract: A device includes a die having: at least one of an electronic device and a microelectromechanical system, a package substrate, an electrically nonconductive interposer disposed between the die and the package substrate, at least a first adhesive layer disposed between the package substrate and the electrically nonconductive interposer, and at least a second adhesive layer disposed between the die and the electrically nonconductive interposer.

Abstract: Verifying data integrity and parity consistency of data blocks in an array of mass storage devices includes retrieving a row parity algebraic signature and a diagonal parity algebraic signature for one or more data blocks, a row parity block and a diagonal parity block. The row parity algebraic signatures of the one or more data blocks are logically combined to generate a first result and the first result is compared to the retrieved row parity algebraic signature for the row parity block. The diagonal parity algebraic signatures of the one or more data blocks and the row parity block are logically combined to generate a second result and the second result is compared to the retrieved diagonal parity algebraic signature for the diagonal parity block.

Abstract: Storage servers use a fast, non-volatile or persistent memory to store data until it can be written to slower mass storage devices such as disk drives. If the server crashes before a write can complete, the data remains safely stored in non-volatile memory. If the data cannot be committed to disk when the server reboots (e.g. because the destination mass storage device is unavailable), it is stored in a file. When the disk reappears, the data in the file may be used to restore a file or filesystem on the disk to a consistent state.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system, in a network storage system, for producing a balanced reconstruction load across storage devices (disks) in a storage array (array) using a scalable declustered layout. A scalable declustered layout is a logical configuration of parity groups across storage units (disk segments) which spread the chunk load and total share load of parity groups across disks in the array. Creation of a scalable declustered layout is achieved by sequentially selecting and allocating each chunk of a new (prospective) parity group according to the then-current load on each disk. The scalable declustered layout is then implemented on the disks to produce a balanced reconstruction load across disks when recovering from a disk failure.

Abstract: A device for detecting helium in ambient atmosphere includes a resonator and a frequency detector. The resonator includes a piezoelectric film layer configured to absorb helium atoms. The frequency detector configured to detect a change in resonant frequency of the resonator when helium is absorbed into the piezoelectric film layer from the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a technique for providing an indication whether data stored on a disk drive are invalid. As used herein, invalid data are data written prior to the disk drive being added to an array of the disk drives or data in a block that has become free and which has been removed from the corresponding parity block of the stripe. Knowing that the disk drive was written prior to the drive being added to the existing array or having data which has become invalid allows a storage server to ignore the invalid data and not to use it when computing parity (i.e., a data protection value computed as a result of a logical operation on data blocks in a stripe in the array of disk drives). This, in turn, eliminates the need to zero disk drives or to perform parity re-computation prior to using the disk drives.

Abstract: A triple parity (TP) technique reduces overhead of computing diagonal and anti-diagonal parity for a storage array adapted to enable efficient recovery from the concurrent failure of three storage devices in the array. The diagonal parity is computed along diagonal parity sets that collectively span all data disks and a row parity disk of the array. The parity for all of the diagonal parity sets except one is stored on the diagonal parity disk. Similarly, the anti-diagonal parity is computed along anti-diagonal parity sets that collectively span all data disks and a row parity disk of the array. The parity for all of the anti-diagonal parity sets except one is stored on the anti-diagonal parity disk. The TP technique provides a uniform stripe depth and an optimal amount of parity information.

Abstract: Storage servers use a fast, non-volatile or persistent memory to store data until it can be written to slower mass storage devices such as disk drives. If the server crashes before a write can complete, the data remains safely stored in non-volatile memory. If the data cannot be committed to disk when the server reboots (e.g. because the destination mass storage device is unavailable), it is stored in a file. When the disk reappears, the data in the file may be used to restore a file or filesystem on the disk to a consistent state.

Abstract: A micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) transducer device comprises: a package substrate having a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE); and a transducer substrate comprising a transducer. The transducer substrate is disposed over the package substrate. The transducer substrate has a second CTE that substantially matches the first CTE.

Abstract: A network storage server implements a method to maintain a parity declustered RAID organization with distributed hot sparing. The parity declustered RAID organization, which provides data redundancy for a network storage system, is configured as a RAID organization with a plurality of logical drives. The RAID organization is then distributed in a parity declustered fashion to a plurality of physical drives in the network storage system. The RAID organization also has a spare space pre-allocating on each of the plurality of physical drives. Upon failure of one of the plurality of physical drives, data stored in the failed physical drives can be reconstructed and stored to spare space of the surviving physical drives. After reconstruction, the plurality of logical drives remains parity-declustered on the plurality of surviving physical drives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted benzfurochromenes and related compounds having the general formula (I), salts and chiral, achiral derivatives thereof; wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 are independently selected from the groups consisting of hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkoxyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted amino, optionally substituted acylamino, optionally substituted arylamino, optionally substituted acylthio, optionally substituted acyl, optionally substituted aroyl, optionally substituted acyloxy, optionally substituted thioamido, halogens, nitriles, esters, hydroxy, mercapto, carbontrifluoride, nitro but not limited to this; wherein R1R2 or R2R3 or R6R7 may be connected and form either a five membered ring or a six membered ring such as optionally substituted furan, optionally substituted dihydrofuran, optionally substituted

Abstract: Certain thiol and acylthiol compounds inhibit retrovirus growth by attacking the highly conserved zinc finger regions of essential viral proteins. These compounds, compositions containing them, and methods of using them to treat retroviral infections such as HIV are described. These compounds are also useful for preparation of vaccines comprised of inactivated retroviruses such as HIV, prevention of the transmission of such retroviruses, and detection of retroviral proteins.