Abstract: A method of developing a charging profile for charging a lithium-ion battery. A first phase of charging is at a constant current level, with the constant current level selected on the basis of battery resistance during charging and differential voltage (dV/dQ) analysis. A switch point is selected on the basis of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery when dV/DQ values increase. Next is an increasing voltage charging phase, with the voltage rate selected on the basis of charge acceptance and charge time.

Abstract: A method of charging a lithium-ion battery. It is assumed that the battery has a cooling system. A desired temperature profile for the battery during charging is determined. The charge current is pulse width modulated (PWM), as is the activation of the cooling system. During charging, various parameters of either or both of the PWM signals are adjusted such that the desired temperature profile is maintained.

Abstract: In general, the present disclosure is directed to forming lithium ion battery (LIB) cells with structure and chemistry that achieves formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer that allows for operating in relatively high ambient temperature environments, e.g., up to and exceeding 60° C., while significantly reducing self-discharge amounts, e.g., relative to other LIB cells formed with SEI layers measuring about 1-2 nanometers in thickness. For example, one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure enables a self-discharge amount for a LIB cell of 10% or less over a four (4) week period of time when operating at an ambient temperature of 60 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: A method of developing a charging profile for charging a lithium-ion battery. A first phase of charging is at a constant current level, with the constant current level selected on the basis of battery resistance during charging and differential voltage (dV/dQ) analysis. A switch point is selected on the basis of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery when dV/DQ values increase. Next is an increasing voltage charging phase, with the voltage rate selected on the basis of charge acceptance and charge time.

Abstract: A method of controlling the charge current during charging of a lithium-ion battery. A battery charging controller is based on a Kalman filter, which uses estimated battery states to generate a feedback metric to continually adjust a battery cell model. The battery cell model then delivers data to an optimization process that generates the charge current.

Abstract: In general, the present disclosure is directed to forming lithium ion battery (LIB) cells with structure and chemistry that achieves formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer that allows for operating in relatively high ambient temperature environments, e.g., up to and exceeding 60° C., while significantly reducing self-discharge amounts, e.g., relative to other LIB cells formed with SEI layers measuring about 1-2 nanometers in thickness. For example, one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure enables a self-discharge amount for a LIB cell of 10% or less over a four (4) week period of time when operating at an ambient temperature of 60 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: A system and method for providing an application-independent estimation of the state of health (SOH) of a battery. A battery terminal voltage, under a non-zero load, when a specific amount of charge has been drawn from the battery is compared to stored terminal voltage test data obtained under the same conditions. An estimate of SOH is provided in response to the comparison.

Abstract: A method of charging a lithium-ion battery. It is assumed that the battery has a cooling system. A desired temperature profile for the battery during charging is determined. The charge current is pulse width modulated (PWM), as is the activation of the cooling system. During charging, various parameters of either or both of the PWM signals are adjusted such that the desired temperature profile is maintained.

Abstract: A method of controlling the charge current during charging of a lithium-ion battery. A battery charging controller is based on a Kalman filter, which uses estimated battery states to generate a feedback metric to continually adjust a battery cell model. The battery cell model then delivers data to an optimization process that generates the charge current.

Abstract: A system for simulating the effects of use and aging on immersive coolants. Two conductive coils are immersed in a tank containing a sample of the coolant. The coils are spaced such that electrical activation of the first coil induces current in the second coil. A DC power source is provided to an inverter, which provides AC current for activating the first coil. The induced AC current in the second coil is delivered to a rectifier which converts the induced AC current to DC current. The DC current is then returned to the power source. The electromagnetic field between the coils simulates motor operation, so that the coolant's physical and chemical characteristics can be tested for the effects of use and aging.

Abstract: A system and method for providing an application-independent estimation of the state of health (SOH) of a battery. A battery terminal voltage, under a non-zero load, when a specific amount of charge has been drawn from the battery is compared to stored terminal voltage test data obtained under the same conditions. An estimate of SOH is provided in response to the comparison.

Abstract: A system for simulating the effects of use and aging on immersive coolants. Two conductive coils are immersed in a tank containing a sample of the coolant. The coils are spaced such that electrical activation of the first coil induces current in the second coil. A DC power source is provided to an inverter, which provides AC current for activating the first coil. The induced AC current in the second coil is delivered to a rectifier which converts the induced AC current to DC current. The DC current is then returned to the power source. The electromagnetic field between the coils simulates motor operation, so that the coolant's physical and chemical characteristics can be tested for the effects of use and aging.

Abstract: A method and system for application independent map-based cycle life testing of battery cells is provided. A target depth of discharge (DOD) and a charge/discharge current level is selected for the battery test. The battery is discharged to the target DOD. The battery is cycled within the DOD range one or more times, wherein the cycling comprises a charge pulse and a discharge pulse at the selected current levels. A reference performance test (RPT) is performed on the battery, wherein the RPT comprises a static capacity test and a dynamic power test. The cycling and RPT testing are repeated until an end of test condition is detected.

Abstract: A method and system for application independent map-based cycle life testing of battery cells is provided. A target depth of discharge (DOD) and a charge/discharge current level is selected for the battery test. The battery is discharged to the target DOD. The battery is cycled within the DOD range one or more times, wherein the cycling comprises a charge pulse and a discharge pulse at the selected current levels. A reference performance test (RPT) is performed on the battery, wherein the RPT comprises a static capacity test and a dynamic power test. The cycling and RPT testing are repeated until an end of test condition is detected.

Abstract: A landmark-based method of estimating the position of an AGV (autonomous ground vehicle) or conventional vehicle, which has an onboard database of landmarks and their locations coordinates. During travel, the AGV looks for and identifies landmarks. It navigates according to position estimations that are based on measured yaw rate and speed. When a landmark s encountered and recognized, its true location coordinates are looked up from the database. These true coordinates are then used to enhance position estimation accuracy between landmarks.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a reference yaw rate generator for an autonomous ground vehicle control system. The reference yaw rate generator is configured to generate a reference yaw rate (rr) based on an actual latitudinal position (Y), a desired latitudinal position (Yd), an actual longitudinal position (X), a desired longitudinal position (Xd) and an actual heading (?) of the autonomous ground vehicle.

Abstract: A landmark-based method of estimating the position of an AGV (autonomous ground vehicle) or conventional vehicle, which has an onboard database of landmarks and their location coordinates. During travel, the AGV looks for and identifies landmarks. It navigates according to position estimations that are based on measured yaw rate and speed. When a landmark is encountered and recognized, its true location coordinates are looked up from the database. These true coordinates are then used to enhance position estimation accuracy between landmarks.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a reference yaw rate generator for an autonomous ground vehicle control system. The reference yaw rate generator is configured to generate a reference yaw rate (rr) based on an actual latitudinal position (Y), a desired latitudinal position (Yd), an actual longitudinal position (X), a desired longitudinal position (Xd) and an actual heading (?) of the autonomous ground vehicle.

Abstract: A method of controlling the shifting of an automatic manual transmission is based on observer-based timing of different phases of the shift process. The observer-based control strategy includes simultaneous management of the engine throttle and transmission actuators. The torque characteristics of the transmission are also taken into consideration during control of the engine throttle, thereby minimizing shift time and wear on transmission components. The control strategy uses mathematical models called observers to monitor the value of inherent properties attributable to specific actuators and to provide signals used to implement parallel task execution.

Abstract: A method of controlling the shifting of an automatic manual transmission is based on observer-based timing of different phases of the shift process. The observer-based control strategy includes simultaneous management of the engine throttle and transmission actuators. The torque characteristics of the transmission are also taken into consideration during control of the engine throttle, thereby minimizing shift time and wear on transmission components. The control strategy uses mathematical models called observers to monitor the value of inherent properties attributable to specific actuators and to provide signals used to implement parallel task execution.