Abstract: An apparatus comprises a ground plane (2), an integrated circuit chip (1) disposed on the ground plane (2), the integrated circuit chip (1) comprising one or more electrically conductive layers (10) encircling a periphery of the integrated circuit chip (1), and a plurality of bondwires (9) electrically coupling the one or more electrically conductive layers (10) to the ground plane (2).

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a ground plane (2), an integrated circuit chip (1) disposed on the ground plane (2), the integrated circuit chip (1) comprising one or more electrically conductive layers (10) encircling a periphery of the integrated circuit chip (1), and a plurality of bondwires (9) electrically coupling the one or more electrically conductive layers (10) to the ground plane (2).

Abstract: An apparatus having an input voltage and an output voltage is provided. The apparatus comprises a switch that receives the input voltage and that is adapted to be coupled to a load, a modulator having a timing signal, a compensator that is coupled to the modulator and that includes an amplifier, an overcurrent circuit, and a sampler. The modulator is coupled to the switch and the modulator actuates the switch at a first frequency. The amplifier amplifies the difference between at least a portion of the output voltage with a predetermined reference voltage and outputs an amplified voltage. The overcurrent circuit receives the amplified voltage and outputs an overcurrent signal to the modulator.

Abstract: An apparatus having an input voltage and an output voltage is provided. The apparatus comprises a switch that receives the input voltage and that is adapted to be coupled to a load, a modulator having a timing signal, a compensator that is coupled to the modulator and that includes an amplifier, an overcurrent circuit, and a sampler. The modulator is coupled to the switch and the modulator actuates the switch at a first frequency. The amplifier amplifies the difference between at least a portion of the output voltage with a predetermined reference voltage and outputs an amplified voltage. The overcurrent circuit receives the amplified voltage and outputs an overcurrent signal to the modulator.

Abstract: A pair of complementary signals are switched between a high state and a low state such that the complementary signals are switched within a time period less than two gate delays. An inverter biases other inverters so that these two inverters are maintained at their threshold levels. The maintenance at the threshold values enable these two inverters to be switched quickly.

Abstract: A level shift is provided between a first level and a second level for a first and second compensatory signal. Power supply variations are measured and the levels are compensated for these power supply variations so that the power supply does not affect the first and second levels.

Abstract: A circuit provides a restart signal to indicate a zero crossing of a continuous varying signal. A zero phase signal is generalized based on a zero crossing of the continuous varying signal. The continuous varying signal is sampled and held in accordance with the zero crossing. The continuous varying signal is converted to complementary signals, and these complementary signals are in turn converted to a signal appropriate for CMOS circuits.